• 복식문화연구
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.14-37
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• 1999

This study concerns the role of costume in Shakespearean comedy from the viewpoint of the role theory. The term “role” has been used to represent the behavior expected of the occupant of a given position or status. A specific role can not be successfully performed without the aid of the costumes. Costumes are adopted in relation with a specific role. The term ‘role’ had been borrowed from the drama. The similarity between the role on the stage and the role of the social man had been recognized. The typical examples in which the costume help to make access to a specific role and can be effectively exploited for the performance of the role are manifested in the comedies of Shakespeare. Thus, our goal in this study is to analyze the role of costume which appears in Shakespearean comedy from the viewpoint of the role theory. The role of social status and position reflects sex, age, occupation, class, economic position of the characters. In his works, the crown and the mace represented not only the throne but also a previllege and supreme position. The situation role of costume could be widely used for visualizing the psychological situation and external environments of the characters on the stage. The disguise role hided one\`s status, thereby makes possible acting other\`s position. And the disguise role can bring about the change of status, age, sex, occupation, and atmosphere. The costume also could symbolize the social status, position, rank, occupation, and the situation, and functioned as a media for delivering messages to others. The costume performed the role of the physical and psychic protection, and provided its wearer with consolation and peaceful mind. The costume reflected the costume of a society through its wearing condition and wearing configuration. The results obtained from this study can provide useful cues for understanding the role action in the social structure. This kind of understanding reveals the costume phenomena in real life, allows one to perform roles properly and efficiently, and opens our insight on the overall aspects of the costume culture.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.290-300
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• 2016

Objective: This study aimed to (1) evaluate the effects of maxillary second and third molar eruption status on the distalization of first molars with a modified palatal anchorage plate (MPAP), and (2) compare the results to the outcomes of the use of a pendulum and that of a headgear using three-dimensional finite element analysis. Methods: Three eruption stages were established: an erupting second molar at the cervical one-third of the first molar root (Stage 1), a fully erupted second molar (Stage 2), and an erupting third molar at the cervical one-third of the second molar root (Stage 3). Retraction forces were applied via three anchorage appliance models: an MPAP with bracket and archwire, a bone-anchored pendulum appliance, and cervical-pull headgear. Results: An MPAP showed greater root movement of the first molar than crown movement, and this was more noticeable in Stages 2 and 3. With the other devices, the first molar showed distal tipping. Transversely, the first molar had mesial-out rotation with headgear and mesial-in rotation with the other devices. Vertically, the first molar was intruded with an MPAP, and extruded with the other appliances. Conclusions: The second molar eruption stage had an effect on molar distalization, but the third molar follicle had no effect. The application of an MPAP may be an effective treatment option for maxillary molar distalization.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2003

완전 세라믹 치관 재료로 응용할 수 있는 유리가 침투한 알루미나 복합체를 제조하였다. SiO$_2$-B$_2$O$_3$-Al$_2$O$_3$-CaO-La$_2$O$_3$계 유리에서 $Al_2$O$_3$의 함량을 변화시키며 다양한 조성의 유리를 만들고 이들 유리를 저온 소결한 다공성 알루미나에 침투시켰다. 그리고 이때 A1$_2$O$_3$의 함량변화가 유리의 침투 특성과 얻어진 복합체의 강도에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 유리 조성에서 A1$_2$O$_3$의 양을 증가시킬수록 알루미나 소결체의 부식 현상이 현저히 줄었으며 이에 따라 복합체의 강도가 증가하였다. 알루미나 소견체에는 거대기공이 존재하고 있어 복합체의 강도 저하에 영향을 미쳤는데 알루미나의 소결 온도를 130$0^{\circ}C$까지 증가시켜 이를 감소시켰다. 진공 분위기에서 알루미나 소결체에 유리를 침투시켰을 때 최고 453$\pm$31 MPa의 굽힘 강도 값을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.11-27
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• 2012

King Cheoljong was the twenty-fifth King in the Joseon Dynasty. He did not live a comfortable royal life in his childhood. He succeeded to the crown in the age of 19 after a series of poor days in Ganghwado. During his sovereignty over the territory, the noble class with power interfered with his control in almost every issue, so he could not manage his authority as a ruler. His disease history is hardly included in "Formal Records of the Joseon Dynasty(朝鮮王朝實錄)" which is the prime governmental document, however, some of his disease history appear in "Records of the Diaries of the Kings of Joseon(日省錄)". The primary disease of King Cheoljong was nausea-vomiting, indigestion, diarrhea etc. caused by spleen-stomach weakness. Another main illness was phlegm syndrome. He showed symptoms of coughs, asthma, sputum, and he easily caught cold having a weak health condition. He died at 33 and cause of death was unclear with remaining documents. Just small chances are that the cause was lung tuberculosis. He took a large amount of herbal medicine in his life, which was for curing or toning up his body. Tonifying medicinal herbs were used continuously, and curing herbal medicine was used for spleen-stomach weakness, phlegm syndrome and cold treatment. Treatments of acupuncture and moxa rarely appear in the documents.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.169-181
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to understand the geographical and environmental distribution of animals and plants in Baekdudaegan region using field survey and GIS data. Crucial factors were selected and analyzed to understand the distributional characteristics of wild animals (16 species in 5 orders) and rare endemic plants (20 species in 12 orders). These crucial factors include stand factor (forest type, DBH class, and crown density), soil factor (bed rock, soil texture, and organic matter), geographical factor (elevation, slope, aspect) and climatic factor (temperature, rain fall, humidity). Finally, ten crucial factors were selected by statistical analysis and categorized for analyzing geographical and environmental features. Three orders such as Rodentia, Carnivora, and Artiodactula in wild animal showed the similar habitat characteristics with the small diameter and the elevation range from 801 to 1,000m. The Hydropotes inermis of Artiodactyla and Rattus norvegicus of Rodentia were different in the type of orders, but they had the similar habitat characteristics with the coniferous forest and loam. On the other hand, four orders such as Tubiflorales, Liliales, Ericales, and Rhamnales in the rare and endemic plants were showed high occurrence rate in the organic matter between 4 and 6%. The Rodgersia podophylla of Rosales and Gastrodia elata Blume of Microspermae were different in the type of orders, but they had the similar habitat characteristics with the stand factor and soil factor.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.53-67
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify the quality of landslide susceptibility in a landslide-prone area (Jinbu-myeon, Gangwon-do, South Korea) by spatial prediction modeling approach and compare the results obtained. For this goal, a landslide inventory map was prepared mainly based on past historical information and aerial photographs analysis (Daum Map, 2008), as well as some field observation. Altogether, 550 landslides were counted at the whole study area. Among them, 182 landslides are debris flow and each group of landslides was constructed in the inventory map separately. Then, the landslide inventory was randomly selected through Excel; 50% landslide was used for model analysis and the remaining 50% was used for validation purpose. Total 12 contributing factors, such as slope, aspect, curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI), elevation, forest type, forest timber diameter, forest crown density, geology, landuse, soil depth, and soil drainage were used in the analysis. Moreover, to find out the co-relation between landslide causative factors and incidents landslide, pixels were divided into several classes and frequency ratio for individual class was extracted. Eventually, six landslide susceptibility maps were constructed using the Bayesian Predictive Discriminant (BPD), Empirical Likelihood Ratio (ELR), and Linear Regression Method (LRM) models based on different category dada. Finally, in the cross validation process, landslide susceptibility map was plotted with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) and tried to extract success rate curve. The result showed that Bayesian, likelihood and linear models were of 85.52%, 85.23%, and 83.49% accuracy respectively for total data. Subsequently, in the category of debris flow landslide, results are little better compare with total data and its contained 86.33%, 85.53% and 84.17% accuracy. It means all three models were reasonable methods for landslide susceptibility analysis. The models have proved to produce reliable predictions for regional spatial planning or land-use planning.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2016

이 연구의 목적은 Nolla 방법에 근거하여 소아 청소년에서 나이와 성별에 따른 영구치의 평균 발육 연령을 평가하기 위한 것이다. 연세대학교 치과대학병원에 내원하여 파노라마 사진을 촬영한 어린이 중 4세에서 15세의 남녀 각각 50명을 대상으로 하여 1,200명의 파노라마 사진을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 3명의 잘 훈련된 조사자가 Nolla 방법에 의하여 상, 하악 영구치의 발육 단계를 평가하였다. 조사자 간 신뢰도(ICC, intra-class correlation coefficient value)는 0.973으로 높은 일치도를 보였다. 조사 결과를 바탕으로 발육 연령의 평균값을 계산하였다. 치관이 완성되는 Nolla 6단계는 남아에서는 상악 중절치부터 제2대구치까지 각각 5.4, 6.4, 6.7, 7.5, 7.8, 4.6, 8.1세에서 나타났고, 하악에서는 4.8, 5.1, 6.0, 6.5, 7.2, 4.5, 8.0세에서 나타났다. 여아에서는 상악에서 5.3, 6.0, 6.3, 7.3, 7.7, 4.8, 8.1세, 하악에서는 4.8, 5.1, 5.9, 6.5, 7.2, 5.0, 7.9세에 치관이 완성되었다. 본 연구를 통하여 우리나라 소아 청소년 환자에서의 영구치의 평균 발육 연령을 평가하였다. 성장 중인 환자의 진단과 치료 계획 수립에 있어 본 연구의 결과가 임상적으로 유용하게 적용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 복식
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• 제18권
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• pp.211-223
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• 1992

The results of the researches in the wig and the Boyo are as follows. The wig is to be classified into Bu, Pyun, Chah, Cheh, and kwik, Bu is an ornamental hairpin used by the empress, and it is decorated with Boyo. Pyun is a wig made of braided hair. Chah is made of Bal which is put together by its lenath, and it was also called Picheh or Pisuck. It is made, one by one, of hair of the convicts and the low-class people. 초도 has a meaning of toupee, and it is used to look beautiful with its thick black hair. Kwik is a wig made of hair as if it is weaved out of thread, and it is rounded with a wire. In ancient times, it was also called chah, Pi, or Pi People wore different wigs according to their class and the use, in order of Bu, Pyun, and Chah. There are remains of the Han Dynasty. Boyo, just like the wig, was originally a custom of the northern nomadic tribes which had been introduced to the later Han Dynasty. It is also called Cho Song and has a different meaning from the Boyo attached to a crown before the Han Dynasty. It became much more beautiful in the Which in period. Boyo gained its popularity by the women in Tang Dynasty, which is due to the influence by the customs of the western Ho tribe. The name of hairstyling using wigs in each period, and things such as hair, black thread, lignum, and paper were used as materials. Since the wig had differed according to the disparity in social standing it was prohibited to the general public, but it became in style later on. Wig also becomes popular in central Asia and gained its properity in the Tang Dynasty which is greatly influenced by the western countries. It is said in the records that the kobal Style had been exceedingly in fashion from the Ju to the Chung Dynasty, and the remains of the Han and Song Dynasty were found. times, it was also called chah, Pr, or period, and things such as hair, black thread, lignum, and paper were used as materials. Since the wig had differed according to the disparity in social standing, it was prohibited to the general public, but it became in style later on. Wig also becomes popular in central Asia and gained its prosperity in the Tang Dynasty which is greatly influenced by the western countries. It is said in the records that the kobal Style had been exceedingly in fashion from the Ju to the Chung Dynasty, and the remains of the Han and Song Dynasty were found.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2005

소아, 청소년 환자의 경우 성인에 비해 구치부 인접면 우식의 빈도가 높은 편이며, 그 수복 재료에 있어서 심미성이나 치질 삭제량 감소 등의 이유로 복합레진의 사용이 늘어나고 있는 추세에 있다. 복합레진을 이용한 구치부 인접면 수복에 있어서, 술자의 기호와 기술에 따라 여러 가지 매트릭스 밴드를 선택할 수 있으며, 이러한 매트릭스 밴드는 인접면 변연의 적합성과 이에 의한 미세 누출의 감소, 타액에 대한 방습 효과 및 마무리와 연마과정을 용이하게 하는 등 많은 임상적인 기능을 가진다. 본 증례에서는 복합레진과 교정용 밴드를 이용하여, 유치와 영구치 각각의 인접면 우식의 치료를 시행하였으며, 교정용 밴드를 이용한 2급 와동의 복합레진 충전에 있어서 기존의 매트릭스 밴드를 이용하는 경우에 비해 다음과 같은 장점이 있다고 판단하였다. 1. 우수한 변연 적합성에 의해, 치아 외형의 재현이 용이 하였으며 타액에 대한 방습 효과도 우수하였다. 2 복합레진의 충전이나 중합에 있어서, 교정용 밴드의 견고성에 의해 수복물의 변형이 작다고 판단되었다. 3. 간격 유지 장치 등의 이유로 교정용 밴드의 장착을 많이 시행하고 있는 소아치과 의사의 경우, 타과 전공 치과의사에 비해 비교적 교정용 밴드의 장착을 보다 효과적으로 할 수 있으며, 또한 적절하게 선택된 교정용 밴드는 위와 같은 장점들에 의해 수복 치료를 보다 용이하게 해주는 효과가 있다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제94권4호통권161호
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• pp.269-276
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• 2005

경상북도 군위군 장곡리에서 발견된 희귀식물인 망개나무군락에 대하여 군집 구조와 개체군 구조를 구명하였던 바 다음과 같이 요약되었다. 첫째, 군집 구조를 볼 때, 조사지의 망개나무림은 소태나무군, 털대사초군 및 전형군의 3개 유형으로 분류되었고, 층위별 종구성의 경우 망개나무는 교목층 42.82%, 아교목층 34.43%, 관목층에는 5.28%를 각각 점유하였으며, 기타 굴참나무, 굴피나무 및 졸참나무의 중요치가 높게 나타났다. 군집유형별 종다양도는 소태나무군이 1.6669로사 가장 높았다. 둘째, 개체군 구조를 볼 때, 망개나무 개체군은 직경이 6 cm~10cm 사이에 가장 많은 개체가 분포하였고, 전반적으로 역J자형의 구조를 나타내었으며, 수고급은 최고 14m에 이르는 개체들로 구성되어 있었으며, 교목층과 아교목층의 수령구조는 11년에서부터 60년까지 범위로 전반적으로 정규분포형을 나타내었으며, 망개나무 분지수는 최고 13개이며, 거의 대부분 4개 이하로 나타났다. 한편, 망개나무의 치수는 상층임관이 열려있는 임도에 집중적으로 발생하고 있었으므로 앞으로 망개나무림의 관리대책을 수립할 때 이러한 점은 반드시 고려되어야 할 것으로 사료되었다.