• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 교내 실습실의 유니트체어 수관의 바이오필름을 채취하여 미생물을 분석하고, 기존적인 물빼기방법과 소독제를 사용하는 방법을 적용하여 미생물 수의 변화를 비교하고자 실시하였다. 교내의 수관으로부터 샘플을 채취한 후 R2A배지를 이용하여 배양하였다. 미생물 동정을 거쳐 분리된 미생물의 균종을 분석하였다. 물빼기에 대한 미생물 감소를 확인하기 위해 30초, 60초, 120초 간격으로 샘플을 채취하였고, 소독제의 효과를 확인하기 위해 소독 후 샘플을 채취하였다. 이렇게 수거된 샘플을 통해 얻은 미생물의 정량적 비교는 SPSS 프로그램을 이용하였다. 결과에서 동정된 균주는 총 8개로 나타났으며 대부분 그람음성인 Sphingomonas 계열로 확인되었다. 60초의 물빼기를 통해 미생물의 수가 급감하는 것을 확인하였고, 소독 즉시 미생물은 검출되지 않았다. 본 연구에서 제시된 방법과 결과를 바탕으로 소홀하게 관리될 수 있는 유니트체어의 수관을 관리함으로써 교차 감염을 예방하고 체계적인 관리가 가능할 것이다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.71.1-71.10
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• 2020

Background: Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a major and highly infectious pathogen in cats worldwide. However, there have been limited studies about the status of FCV infections in Korea. Objectives: To investigate the current status of FCV infections in stray cats in Korea. Methods: A novel reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed based on the conserved nucleotide sequences of reported FCV strains. Field swab samples were collected from 122 cats (2 hospital admitted cats and 120 stray cats) in 2016 and 2017. All the samples were tested by virus isolation and 2 different RT-PCRs, including the novel RT-PCR, for the detection of FCV. Results: The novel RT-PCR assay showed no cross-reactivity to the nucleic acids of the other feline pathogens tested, and the limit of detection was calculated as 10⁰ TCID₅₀/mL based on an in vitro assessment. The novel RT-PCR assay detected 5 positive samples from the 122 field samples, which showed perfect agreement with the results of the virus isolation method. In contrast, another RT-PCR assay used in a previous study in Korea detected no positive samples. The prevalence of FCV infection in stray cats was 2.5% (3/120) based on the results of virus isolation and the novel RT-PCR assays. Conclusions: The current study is the first report of the detection and prevalence of FCV in stray cats in Korea. The novel RT-PCR assay developed in this study showed high sensitivity and specificity, which indicates a useful diagnostic assay to identify FCV infection in cats.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.317-327
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• 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the influence of cervical cancer knowledge, human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge, self-efficacy, and uncertainty on the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior in HPV-infected women. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted among 129 adult women aged 20 to 65 years who received positive HPV results at a general hospital in Changwon, Korea. The dataset was analyzed using descriptive statistics, the independent t-test, analysis of variance, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: The mean score for the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior was high (4.43±0.65). This intention was significantly different according to age at first sexual intercourse (F=7.38, p=.001), HPV type (F=4.79, p=.010), vaccination (t=3.19, p=.002), and condom use (t=3.03, p=.003). The intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior showed significant, weak-to-moderate positive correlations with HPV knowledge (r=.22, p=.012) and self-efficacy (r=.42, p<.001). Self-efficacy (β=.46, p<.001), first sexual intercourse at <20 years (β=.45, p<.001), first sexual intercourse at 20-24 years (β=.29, p=. 018), HPV high- and low-risk group infection (β=.26, p=.019), HPV high-risk group infection (β=.26, p=.026), and vaccination (β=.21, p=.007) significantly influenced the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior. These variables explained 34.6% of variance in intention. Conclusion: Study findings support the need to develop a program that effectively conveys accurate information about cervical cancer prevention to HPV-infected women and helps them enhance self-efficacy to boost the intention to engage in cervical cancer preventive behavior.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2001

목적: Mycoplasma pneumoniae 폐렴은 소아과 영역에서 비교적 흔한 질환인데 동반되는 다양한 폐외 소견에 대해서는 많은 보고들이 있었으나 간염에 대해서는 연구된 바가 적으며 특히 국내에서는 이에 대한 연구가 아직 없는 실정이다. 따라서 저자들은 M. pneumoniae에 의한 간염의 전반적인 임상적 특성들을 조사하여 보고하고자 한다. 방법: 1999년 1월 1일부터 2000년 12월 31일까지 서울적십자병원 소아과에 입원한 143명의 마이코플라스마 폐렴 환아들 중 AST와 ALT 수치가 각각 50 IU/L 이상 증가된 환아로서 hepatitis A, B, C 및 cytomegalovirus와 Ebstein-Barr virus가 음성인 19명을 대상으로 계절 분포, 연령 및 성별 분포, 주요 임상증상 및 이학적 소견, 혈액학적 검사, 간기능 검사, 방사선학적 검사, 재원기간, 회복기간 등을 전향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 1) 마이코플라스마 감염 중 13.3%에서 발생하였으며 가을과 겨울에 호발하였고 평균연령은 4.86세였고 남녀비는 2.2 대 1이었다. 2) 소화기 증상들 중 구토는 21.1%, 설사는 36.8%이었으며 간종대는 21.1%에서 관찰되었고 비장종대는 한 명에서도 관찰되지 않았다. 3) 백혈구가 $10,000/mm^3$이상으로 증가된 경우는 21.1%이었으며 $4,000/mm^3$ 미만으로 감소된 경우는 없었고 호산구증이 15.4%에서 나타났다. 혈색소가 10 g/dl 이하로 감소된 경우는 10.5%이었으며 혈소판이 $450,000/mm^3$ 이상으로 증가된 경우는 5.3%이었고 $150,000/mm^3$ 미만으로 감소된 경우는 없었다. C-반응성 단백은 0.5 mg/dl 이하가 15.4%이었으며 가장 높은 수치는 16.2 mg/dl이었고 평균 $6.34{\pm}4.82$ mg/dl였다. 4) 고빌리루빈혈증을 보인 경우는 없었으며 알부민이 3.5 g/dl 미만으로 감소된 경우는 42.1%이었다. AST의 평균은 $214.05{\pm}183.22$ IU/L였으며 가장 증가된 경우는 630 IU/L였고 ALT의 평균은 $284.16{\pm}286.84$ IU/L였으며 가장 증가된 경우는 1,089 IU/L였다. 5) 흉부 방사선 쵤영상 대엽성 또는 소엽성 형태로 폐침윤을 보인 경우는 73.7%이었고 기관지성 형태의 폐침윤을 보인 경우는 26.3%이었으며 흉막삼출액은 31.6%에서 나타났다. 6) 재원 기간은 평균 7.9일이었으며 간기능 회복 시기는 평균 8.8일 이내였고 모든 환아에서 2주 이내에 간기능이 완전히 정상으로 회복되었다. 결론: Mycoplasma pneumoniae 간염은 대부분 2주 이내에 회복되는 양성 경과를 취하나 그 빈도가 낮지 않으므로 마이코플라스마 폐렴시 간기능 검사 소견에 주의를 기울여야 한다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.95-113
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• 1994

To establish an effective diagnostic measure for detection of the antibodies against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, the methods for tube agglutination test (TAT), plate agglutination test (PAT), micro-agglutination test(MAT) and agar-gel immunodiffusion test(ID) were improved and standarized, and the comparative studies were carried out. The results obtained through the experiments were summarized as follows. 1. The rabbit hyperimmune sera to reference serotypes 1 to 6 were cross-tested with TAT, PAT, MAT and ID. In the homologous systems, the range of antibody titers in TAT was 80 to 640, showing the cross-reaction in serotypes 3, 4, 5 and 6. The range of antibody titers in PAT was 4 to 64, showing the cross-reaction in serotypes 3, 4, 5 and 6. In ID, the range of antigen titers was 8 to 32, and cross-reaction was observed in serotype 5. 2. The optimal concentration of antigen in PAT and MAT were 100mg /ml and 1.25mg /ml respectively. The most sensitive reaction in MAT was observed in 52$^{\circ}C$ for 18hrs. 3. In ID, the most promising antigen and the buffer for agar-gel were EDTA-treated antigen and 0.05M tris buffer (pH 7.2), respectively. 4. By the tests for 200 swine sera, it was found that the frequency of positive reaction were 203 in TAT, 240 in PAT and 163 in ID. 5. When compared the titers of TAT with those of MAT for 200 swine sera, MAT showed the higher titer than TAT being increased by relative correlation. Int was found that the titer for positive readings were 20 in TAT and 40 in MAT. 6. when compared the results of ID with those of TAT for 200 swine sera, all sera with TAT titer under 10 were negative in ID. Of the sera with TAT titer 20 and 40, 55.1% nd 91.8% were positive in ID, respectively. All sera with TAT titer above 80 were positive in ID. In comparison of ID and MAT, all sera with MAT titer under 20 were negative in ID. Of the sera with MAT titer 40 and 80, 24.7% and 93.9% were positive in ID, respectively. All sera with MAT titer over 160 showed positive in ID. 7. In conclusion, the established MAT showed high sensitivity but low specificity, wherease ID revealed low sensitivity but high specificity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.241-247
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• 1995

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of internal parasites on growth rates of Thai Native (TN) and crossbred (75% TN $\times$ 25% Anglo-Nubian, AN and 50% TN $\times$ 50% AN) goats (undrenched, drenched every 3 weeks or at 9 weeks) in village environments in southern Thailand in a humid tropical climate. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in growth rate ($g/kg^{0.75}/d$) between the genotypes during unsupplemented grazing (0-64 days of the experimental period). However, during supplementary feeding (64-127 days) and throughout the period (0-127 days) TN goats had significantly (p < 0.01) lower growth rates compared with 75% TN $\times$ 25% AN and 50% TN $\times$ 50% AN goats. There was no (p > 0.05) significant difference in growth rates between 75% TN $\times$ 25% AN and 50% TN $\times$ 50 % AN goats. The growth rates of goats drenched every 3 weeks were significantly (p < 0.01) higher than those undrenched or drenched at 9 weeks. The results of this study also indicate that drenching alone did not result in increased weight gain except when the nutritional status was also improved. Parasitic infection affected some blood constituents, such as pack cell volume, haemoglobin, total protein and albumin. This resulted in lower growth rates for control groups and goats drenched at 9 weeks compared to those of goats drenched every 3 weeks.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.240-248
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• 2016

Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) adversely impacts food security in households of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Little research has focused on food insecurity among PLWHA in India. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of and factors relating to food security in households of PLWHA in the Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among 173 PLWHA residing in Siliguri and registered at the Anti-retroviral Therapy Centre of North Bengal Medical College & Hospital. Data was collected at the household level with interviews of PLWHA using a food security survey instrument. We analyzed the associations using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of household food security among the participants was 50.9% (88/173). Five years or more of schooling, higher socioeconomic class and males were found to be significantly associated with a higher likelihood of food security. A later stage of the disease and the presence of other family members with HIV/AIDS were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of food security. The major coping strategies to deal with food insecurity in the acute phase HIV infection included borrowing money (56.1%), followed by spousal support, loans from microfinance institutions, banks, or money lenders, borrowing food, or selling agricultural products. Conclusions: The present study revealed that only about half of households with PLWHA were food secure. Prior interventions relating to periods of food and economic crisis as well as strategies for sustaining food security and economic status are needed in this area.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.555-561
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• 1994

This paper presents results from a study of the body composition and sensory characteristics of female weaner goat meat. A completely randomized $3{\times}3{\times}2$ factorial design was used. Factors were genotype (Thai native; TN, 75% TN $\times$ 25% Anglo-Nubian; AN and 50% TN $\times$ 50% AN), feeding {grazing only, low (1.0% BW/d) and high (1.5% BW/d) concentrate supplementation and parasite control (undrenched and drenched)}. It was shown that there was no effect of genotype on body components and dressing percentage. However, TN and 75% TN $\times$ 25% AN kids had significantly (p<0.05) higher muscle to bone ratios (4.20% and 4.20%, respectively) compared with 50% TN $\times$ 50% AN kids (3.88%). Kids on grazing only had significantly (p<0.01) higher muscle percentage (64.12%) than did kids in low (61.30%) and high (60.62%) supplementary feeding program, but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference between low and high supplementary feeding groups. Kids offered supplementary feeding had significantly (p<0.01) higher percentages of total fat, intermuscular fat, pelvic fat and kidney fat than those of grazing only. Kids offered supplementary feeding had significantly (p<0.05) higher muscle to bone ratios and significantly (p<0.01) higher muscle plus fat to bone ratios compared with those of grazing only. This may be due to significantly lower (p<0.01) bone contents (14.95, 14.17 and 16.8% for kids offered low and high supplementary feeding and grazing only, respectively. There was no significant difference in sensory characteristics of goat meat between genotypes or feeding groups.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.262-265
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• 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) poses an important occupational health risk to health workers (HWs) that has attracted global scrutiny. To date, several thousand HWs globally have been reported as infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus that causes the disease. It is therefore a public health priority for policymakers to understand risk factors for this vulnerable group to avert occupational transmission. A rapid review was carried out on 20 April 2020 on Covid-19 risk factors among HWs in PubMed, Google Scholar, and EBSCOHost Web (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE with Full Text, CINAHL with Full Text, APA PsycInfo, Health Source-Consumer Edition, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition) and WHO Global Database. We also searched for preprints on the medRxiv database. We searched for reports, reviews, and primary observational studies (case control, case cross-over, cross-sectional, and cohort). The review included studies conducted among HWs with Covid-19 that reported risk factors irrespective of their sample size. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Lack of personal protective equipment, exposure to infected patients, work overload, poor infection control, and preexisting medical conditions were identified as risk factors for Covid-19 among HWs. In the context of Covid-19, HWs face an unprecedented occupational risk of morbidity and mortality. There is need for rapid development of sustainable measures that protect HWs from the pandemic.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2011

This study was focused on the genotyping and quantification of Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in thirty PCV2-positive pigs with different clinical symptoms (PCV2-infected without wasting, PCV2-infected with wasting, PCV2-infected with wasting and lymphoid depletion). The quantity of PCV2 DNA in diverse tissues was significantly differed among these groups. (One-way ANOVA test, p<0.001) Interestingly, PCV2-DNA load in tissues of PCV2-infected pigs without wasting and PCV2-infected pigs with wasting and lymphoid depletion were not significantly differed (p = 0.38), while they were all significantly higher when compared with PCV2-infected pigs with wasting-only. PCV2 DNA quantity in tissues was significantly higher in PCV2a and 2b co-infected pigs compared to the PCV2b only-infected pigs (Wilcoxon test, p = 0.039). The PCV2a and 2b co-infected pigs had increased wasting and lymphoid depletion rate but it was not statistically significant. Therefore, this cross-sectional study suggested that PCV2 DNA load in tissues was diverse by clinical and histological findings. Furthermore, co-infection of PCV2a and 2b affected to the PCV2 DNA load in tissues with increased rate of wasting and lymphoid depletion.