• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.11
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• pp.465-477
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of three - week high altitude ski training on the myocardial performance of cross - country skiers and to provide basic data for the future improvement of cross - country skiers'. The subjects were 6 cross - country skiing male college athletes. To investigate the effects of periodic and high altitude training on cross - country skiers, a general linear model ANOVA with repeated measure And analyzed using the Paired Samples t-test. In high altitude ski training for 3 weeks, the body composition did not change but the isokinetic muscular function of the shoulder joint, hip joint, knee joint, and ankle joint was decreased. Therefore, further study is needed if it is considered that continuous strength training should be performed during the ski training period such as SP period.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to confirm that the cross-country ski sprint course in PyeongChang, where the 2018 Winter Olympics course was to utilize wearable devices equipped with inertial measurement unit (IMU), global positioning system (GPS) and heart rates sensor. Method: For the data collection, two national level cross-country (XC) skiers performed classic technique on the entire sprint course. We analyzed cycle characteristics, range of motion on double poling (DP) technique, average velocity, and displacement of 3 points according to the terrain. Results: The absolute cycle time gradually decreased during starting, middle and finish sections. While the length of the DP increased and the heart rates tended to increase for men skier. In addition, the results indicated that range of motion of knee joint during starting and finish section decreased more than middle section. The errors of latitude and longitude data collected through GPS were within 3 m from 3 points. Conclusion: Through the first case study in Korea, which analyzed the location and condition of XC skiers in the entire sprint course in real time, confirmed that feedback was available in the field using various wearable sensors.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.259-268
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• 2011

This study aimed to examine the kinematic characteristics of the national elite cross-country skiers' double poling technique and to provide the quantitative data for better performance. Four male elite cross-country roller skiers skied maximum velocity with Double Pole technique. The cycle characteristics with angles of elbow, hip, and knee joint were analyzed. The results showed that CM velocity of the body was increased with the third cycle, the cycle time and length were also increased. The poling time and recovery time rate showed with 32.79%, 67.44% respectively. The joint angles with elbow, hip and knee were $106^{\circ}$, $133.14^{\circ}$ $156.87^{\circ}$ at pole in event, $158.94^{\circ}$, $65.7^{\circ}$, $140.19^{\circ}$ at pole out event. Elite skiers should decrease double poling time rate and increase recovery time rate in order to improve the double poling performance. The cycle length and velocity of the double poling should be increased for the better performance. The elbow angle should be minimized at pole in event with maximum extension until pole out event. The hip and knee angles should be increased for the recovery phase.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.305-323
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• 2012

This study examines online social media diffusion across different countries that will help to provide a picture of current global online social network services (SNSs). Analyzing country-level data drawn from 78 nations, we find that non-technological factors such as culture and language as well as technological factors including Internet penetration rate and smartphone adoption rate have significant effects on online social media diffusion. These findings, derived from a broad range of different countries, not only provide theoretical insights into understanding critical factors that enable successful global expansion of online social media services but also help practitioners plan their marketing strategies more effectively in a global context.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-98
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• 2017

This study intended to investigate to what extent country image of America and previous visit experience affect the cross-border shopping intention. In particular, the present study used a country image measurement brought from another research study the factors of which are economy-technology image, social-cultural image, and citizen image. A total of 155 respondents participated in the survey targeting Korean citizen for the present study. Single regression, multiple regression, and independent t-test were conducted for data analysis. The result of the single regression indicated that country image is a critical predictor of cross-border shopping intention. The Multiple regression revealed that among three factors composing country image, social-cultural image plays the most significant and economy-technology image plays the second-most significant role in influencing cross-border shopping intention. However, it was found that citizen image does not play a substantial role for some reason. Moreover, the result of t-test showed that those who have a prior visit experience to America are more likely to buy products online from America than those who don't have prior visit experience. More detailed findings and implications will be discussed in the manuscript.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2732-2742
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• 2014

For the past decades, role of foreign direct investment has increased. Specially, East Asia and BRICs has experienced rapidly economic growth by FDI. Nevertheless, most of developing countries suffer from poverty. This paper empirically explores the impacts of FDI on economic output using a cross-country analysis based on data from 88 developing countries for the years 1990-2011. To this end, FDI is explicitly included in production function as production factor. Cross-country regression of income level is estimated with the country's human development, population growth, physical accumulation, and FDI as explanatory variables. Main finding of this paper is that FDI has a positive and significant impact on economic growth.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.422-429
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze the cultural intelligence and it's relationship with cross-culture adjustment satisfaction, and performance, and then, we prove the moderating role of international experience between cultural intelligence and cross-culture adjustment with staying in the host country. An exploratory pilot study was conducted with a sample of 188 Chinese expatriates working in Korean company in Korea. Then, we proved the moderating role of international experience between cultural intelligence and cross-cultural adjustment. The results of this study have three implications for human resource development. First this study expanded the research of CQ up to the area of empirical investigation. Second, the empirical findings also supported an incremental and predictive validity that CQ increased explained variance of cross-cultural adjustment. Third, the moderating role of international experience in this study showed the importance of both CQ and international experience with staying in the host country.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.53-60
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• 2021

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is especially important for developing countries. This study investigates the determinants of FDI in the case of Indonesia. Most empirical researches in this field used time series data of a single country or panel data of several countries. Although panel data analysis is more comprehensive, however results taken from cross-country analysis cannot be directly applied to any specific country in the dataset and therefore lacks practicality. In this research, panel data analysis of a single country is performed to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings. Five determinants of FDI are tested using panel data of 33 Indonesian provinces over 10-year period of time. Two methodologies are adopted, random/fixed effects model and Granger Causality. The results show that only market size significantly affects FDI when tested using both methodologies. Human capital and financial market development show significant result in one of the two methodologies. While, economic growth and infrastructure did not show any significant results at all. This research stresses the importance of comprehensive single country analysis since only one out of five commonly discussed determinants is applicable in the case of Indonesia. Governments should therefore carefully reconsider the use of cross-country analysis as a basis of their policy formulations.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.115-127
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• 2012

The diffusion of the mobile telecommunication service in a country could be affected by the diffusions of the services in her neighbor countries. Previous studies on the diffusions of the telecommunication service among countries have been mainly focussed on the comparison after individual diffusion estimation. However, it would be natural to think the diffusion of the mobile telecommunication service in one country could affect to and be affected by the diffusion of the mobile telecommunication service in her neighbor country. In this study, we have applied the multinational diffusion model to model the crossnational effect in the diffusion of the mobile communication service in China, Korea, U.S., Japan, and Hong Kong. Among these 5 countries China is the latest country to adopt the mobile communication service, and we were interested in whether the diffusion of the mobile communication service in Korea, U.S., Japan, or Hong Kong has affected the diffusion of the mobile communication service in China or not. In our application result, the diffusion of the mobile communication service in China has been affected significantly by those in all of the 4 neighbor countries.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2012

The purpose of this study targeted to national cross-country skiers representatives was to implement hypothetical experiment on their patterns of the movements and analysis on kinematic variables occurred while double polling was conducted between starting and finishing phase of 56 meters. Furthermore, it aimed to provide a set of quantitative data to illustrate how to improve one's skill and performance of sprint. In our experiments, we conducted 3-dimension analysis of cycle characteristics, joint angle(hip, knee and elbow), and pole angle. The results showed that at the starting phase, the players did not show a significant difference in attributes of time and distance. In heat 1 where elbow angle and polling starts, the pole angle was noticeably high in heat 1. At the finishing phase, there was a considerable distinction with a high frequency in performing a short polling time and high speed in heat 3. The players showed large extension between the flexion and of the hip angle which indicates high contribution given from the movement of lower body(hip, knee).