• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.443-452
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• 2001

The 2x3 cross-over design is proposed for the bioequivalence of two test drug formulations with a reference drug formulation. Oh et al.(1999) and Park et al.(1998) derived 3x2 cross-over design and discussed its benefits, since the 3x3 cross-over design may not be of practical design. We discuss the statistical issues for2x3 cross-over design and show its statistical properties. Bioequivalence problem in 2x3 cross-over design is considered statistically and an illustrated example is given.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.399-406
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• 1996

The orientational cross-over phenomena in an RF sputtering growth of TiN films were studied in an in-situ, real-time synchrotron x-ray scattering experiment. For the films grown with pure Ar sputtering gas, the cross-over from the more strained (002)-oriented grains to the less strained (111)-oriented grains occurred as the film thickness was increased. As the sputtering power was increased, the cross-over thickness, at which the growth orientation changes from the <002> to the <111> direction, was decreased. The addition of $N_2$ besides Ar as sputtering gas suppressed the cross-over, and consequently resulted in the (002) preferred orientation without exhibiting the cross-over. We attribute the observed cross-over phenomena to the competition between the surface and the strain energy. The x-ray powder diffraction, the x-ray reflectivity, and the ex-situ AFM surface topology study consistently suggest that the microscopic growth front was in fact always the (002) planes. In the initial stage of growth, the (002) planes were aligned to the substrate surface to minimize the surface energy. At later stages, however, the (002) growth front tilted away from the surface by about $60^{\circ}$ to relax the strain, which caused the cross-over of the preferred growth direction to the <111> direction.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2008

해양에서 관측되는 해양지구물리 탐사자료에는 위치오차, 기기오차, 관측오차, 해상 상태 등 다양한 원인에 기인하는 오차가 포함되어 있다. 이에 의해 한 기관에서 해양지구물리 탐사 자료를 취득할 때나 여러 기관에서 취득된 해양지구물리 탐사자료를 취합할 때 많은 교차점오차가 발생하고, 이러한 교차점오차는 부적절한 해석을 야기하는 인위적인 이 상대를 만든다. 교차점오차를 줄이기 위한 다양한 방법들이 제시되었지만, 이들 대부분의 방법들은 교차점을 찾기 위해 각각의 점자료(point data) 혹은 선분자료(segment data)를 모두 비교함으로써, 불필요하게 많은 계산시간을 요구하게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 중복구역나눔 방법을 도입하여 빠르게 교차점을 찾고, 가중치선형내삽 방법을 이용하여 교차점오차를 보정하는 포트란(FORTRAN) 프로그램 (FastXcorr)을 개발하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the mutual influences between adolescents' multicultural acceptability and school adjustment. Research problems for research are as follows. First, is multicultural acceptability and school adjustment stable over time? Second, what is the longitudinal impact of school adjustment on multicultural acceptability over time? Third, what is the longitudinal impact of multicultural acceptability on school adjustment over time? The results of analyzing the research problems by applying the autoregressive cross-lagged model are as follows. First, the autoregressive model of school adjustment has a significant effect on the future time point and is stable over time. Second, the autoregressive model of multicultural acceptability have a significant effect on the future time point and is stable over time. Third, cross-lagged effect from school adjustment to multicultural acceptability has a statistically significant effect on the multicultural acceptability at a later time, and is stable over time. Fourth, cross-lagged effect from multicultural acceptability to school adjustment was not statistically significant at the time of multicultural acceptability, and there was no change with time. This study is meaningful to provide the theoretical and practical implications by verifying the influence of the three - year term data over time.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2002년도 연료전지심포지움 2002논문집
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• pp.39-42
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• 2002

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.991-998
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 충돌각을 변수로 한 실험적 연구를 수행하기 위하여 여타의 변수를 고정하였으며, 유속은 R$_{e}$=5.2*$10^{4}$의 결과를 제시하였다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.293-303
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• 2018

Since 2009, consumers could access a new shopping channel called 'mobile shopping' with the generalization of smartphones. Mobile shopping (based on wireless communication technology), emphasizes convenience differentiated from internet shopping. A recent report introduced fashion products as powerful global drivers for mobile shopping sales. Korea and China have the highest percentage of consumer mobile shopping experiences compared to other countries. This study investigates the effects of cross-over shopping orientation, perception of app attributes, and flow on app loyalty that compared Korean and Chinese consumers. We obtained 652 usable questionnaires from two local college students; subsequently, data were analyzed by using factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and regression analysis using SPSS 21.0 Package. The study results showed that the cross-over shopping orientation affected perception of app attributes that included Review/Information, Design, Response and Product. Product only affected Flow, which reflected a high similarity between Korean and Chinese consumers. However, Korean and Chinese consumers showed remarkable differences in the factors related to app loyalty. Therefore, the results indicate that retailers of fashion products have developed strategies to improve mobile sales and increase the app loyalty of cross-over shopping orientation consumers.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.781-791
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• 2012

A $2{\times}2$ Cross-over design is widely used in clinical trials for comparison studies of two kinds of drugs or medical treatments. This design has many statistical methods such as Hills-Armitage's (1979) method or Koch's (1972) method. In this paper, we propose a nonparametric test for $2{\times}2$ Cross-over design based on a two-sample test suggested by Baumgartner et al. (1998). In addition, a Monte Carlo simulation study is adapted to compare the power of the proposed methods with those of previous methods.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2005

In this paper, we present a cross-layer analysis of wireless TCP systems over correlated channels. The effects of error correlation on the behavior of link retransmission strategy and the end-to-end throughput of TCP layer are investigated. Based on the cross-layer analysis, an efficient refinement of link layer protocol is proposed by consciously utilizing the information of channel correlations, which leads to the performance improvement of wireless TCP systems.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.229-234
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• 2006

일반적으로 자료를 해석할 때 교차점오차 (cross-over error: XOE)에 의하여 종종 오류를 범할 수 있다. 그러나 이러한 교차점오차에 의한 오류는 두개의 교차점 (cross-over point: XOP) 사이의 자료를 비율적으로 보정하여 제거할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 빠른 기각테스트 (quick rejection test)와 걸침테스트 (straddle test)를 통하여 교차점을 계산하고 가중치선형내삽 알고리즘 (weighted linear interpolation algorithm)을 이용하여 교차점오차를 보정하는 프로그램을 C 프로그램밍 언어로 작성하였다.