• 제목/요약/키워드: counselor's factors

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초등학생의 학업성취, 자아존중감, 부모의 학력과 직업포부의 관계 (Relationship of Academic Achievement, Self-Esteem, Parental Educational Level and Occupational Aspiration in Elementary School Students)

  • 박열매
    • 초등상담연구
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.95-108
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    • 2011
  • 이 연구는 초등학생의 직업포부를 형성하는 과정에 영향을 주는 요인들을 살펴 이에 대한 경험적 자료를 마련하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적에 따라 초등학생의 개인적 특성 변인 중에서도 인지적 측면인 학업성취와 정의적 측면인 자아존중감, 환경적 측면인 부모의 학력을 변인으로 정하여 직업포부 수준과 어떤 관계가 있는지 연구문제를 설정하였다. 이 연구결과 성별에 따른 직업포부 수준은 여학생이 남학생보다 높게 나타났으며, 학년에 따라서는 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고 초등학생의 학업성취는 직업포부 수준과정적인 상관관계를 보였으며, 자아존중감과 직업포부 수준의 관계는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 학업성취와 자아존중감을 예측변인으로 했을 때 4학년의 경우에는 직업포부 수준의 9%, 6학년은 12%를 설명하였고, 부모의 학력에 따른 초등학생의 직업포부 수준은 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 특히 초등학생 4, 6학년이 직업의 특성뿐만 아니라 학업성취, 즉 자신의 능력을 함께 고려하여 직업포부를 결정한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

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수감자의 출소 후 가족복귀 경험에 관한 교정기관 상담자의 인식 (An Qualitative Study on Correctional institution Counselors' Perception of Ex-Offender's Experience regarding Reintegration into Family)

  • 이동훈 ;강수운 ;지승희
    • 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.595-622
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 상담자의 눈을 통해 성인출소자의 출소 후 가족 관계 회복 과정에 대한 이해를 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 법무부 산하의 한국법무보호복지공단 서울, 인천, 부산, 대구, 경남 지부 및 법무보호복지공단과 가족상담 연계 서비스를 진행하는 건강가정지원센터에서 출소자와 그 가정을 대상으로 숙식 및 주거 지원, 심리 지원, 자녀 학업 지원을 담당하고 있는 상담 전문가 8명에게 심층 면접을 실시하고, 면접 자료를 합의적 질적 연구 방법(CQR)으로 분석하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다: 상담자들은 대부분의 출소자들이 가족이 부재한 어린 시절을 보내며 부모와의 유대나 신뢰관계가 형성되지 못한 구조적·기능적 결손을 경험하였다고 인식하였다. 둘째, 상담자가 인식한 출소자의 가족, 즉 배우자와 자녀의 전형적인 특징은 자녀에게 부모의 수감사실을 숨기는 가족의 비밀이 있다는 것이다. 셋째, 상담자들은 가족에 대하여 출소자가 갖는 책임감, 가족 간의 원활한 의사소통, 가족 구성원으로서의 역할 수행을 가족 복귀의 성공요인으로 인식하는 반면 가족에 대한 의존심, 출소자에 대한 가족의 거부와 회피, 가족구성원으로서의 존재감 상실을 가족 복귀의 실패요인으로 보고 있었다. 또한 강간이나 알코올 중독, 폭력, 살인 등에 비해 횡령, 사기 등과 같은 경제사범들의 가족복귀가 비교적 원활한 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 넷째, 출소자의 가족관계 회복을 위한 상담 및 심리지원에 있어 상담자들은 휴식의 개념을 매우 중요하게 인식하고 있었고, 출소자 및 그 가족에 대한 개입을 실시하기 전에 철저한 스크리닝이 이루어져야 한다는 점을 강조하였다. 본 연구는 출소자 및 그 가정에 대한 심리적·상담적 개입 방안을 모색하고, 출소자의 가정 복귀 및 가족관계 회복을 돕는 프로그램 개발의 토대를 마련했다는 데 그 의의가 있다.

서울시내 실업계 여고생들의 성지식 태도 및 행위에 관한 조사연구 (A Study on the Knowledge. Attitude and Behavior of Commercial Girl's High School Students Toward Sex)

  • 배남숙
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.57-71
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    • 1983
  • Sex education is necessary for the youth that they should have an adequate sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors in their adolescent period. Four major objectives of this study are as follows; 1. To know the level of sexual knowledge of commercial girl's high school students in Seoul. 2. To know their actual state for the attitudes and behaviors toward sex. 3. To compare the sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of day time school students with those of night time school students. 4. To compare the factors associated with their sexual knowledge, attitudes and behaviors with the individual level. Data were collected on 986 students in Seoul from April 1 to April 10, 1983. As the result of this survey, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. The level of sexual knowledge. (1) The level of knowledge of day time high school students about the physiology of female and pregnancy is shown higher than those of night time students. 64.2% of the respondents are aware of the organ producing ovum. 56.4% the ovulation period. 95.6% the cause of pregnancy. 74.5% the pregnantable period and 12.7% the place of fetilization. (2) Out of 986 respondents. 71.8% knew about contraceptive method correctly, and day time school students knew litter better than night time school students, by showing 73.9% and 69.7% respectively. They knew about contraceptive method with 'oral pills'. 'menstrual cycles', 'condoms'. and 'loops' in the same order. 3) Kinds of veneral disease was correctly known by 37.9%. Day time students knew much better than night time school students. by showing 67.8% and 7.9%. respectively. Transmission method of veneral disease was correctly known by 28.3%. Day time students knew much better than night time students, by showing 51.2% and 5.3%, respectively. (4) The major information source of sexual knowledge was 'book and magazine' (39.9%) and 'friends' (27.4%). 2. Actual state of attitudes and behaviors toward sex. (1) Out of 986 respondents, 84.0% answered that premarital purity should be kept. (2) Out of 986 respondents, 60.8% had an acquaintance of the opposite sex. 45.2% of students with opposite sex reported introduction of their friends as the main channel of making an acquaintance of the opposite sex. (3) Of those who responded to this study 13.8% reported having masturbation, 21.5% kissing, 6.2% petting and 3.7% sex intercourse. (4) 64.8% had sexual problems, which was mensturance (27.2%), aquaintance of the opposite sex (25.4%). The main method to solve the problems were consultation with 'friends' and 'books and magazine' percentage being 39.1% and 30.8%, respectively, whereas very small students discussed with 'teachers' and 'parents' percentages being 0.3% and 5.9%, respectively. (5) Out of 986 respondents, 62.2% had experience in educating about sex, the percentage of day time school was higher than that of night time school. (6) 88.2% of students wanted sex education in school, which were 'general information about sex' (35.4%), 'sexual morality and solution of sexual desire' (18.5%), 'aquaintance of the opposite sex' (13.3%) and 'marriage and role of man and woman' (12.4%) in the same order. They wanted to be instructed about sexes in the lecture of physical education, home economics, biology, military training (59.9%), regular curriculum (17.5%), special lecture (16.9%) and by the counselor or school nurse (5.7%). 3. Analyse concerning the factors about the knowledge, attitudes and behaviors. (1) The better school record was, the higher the level of sexual knowledge. (2) Those who have the religion considered the permarital purity more important than those who have not, the percentage showing 86.7% and 80.7%, respectively. (3) The result of dyad analysis of making acquaintance of the opposite sex in the friendship network showed that a high index of the acquaintance of the opposite sex tends to be a high adoption of making one at the individual level in the group, while the low index tends to be a low adoption of making one in the group.

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PBL 기반 진로교육 프로그램의 개발 및 효과검증 (The Development and Effectiveness of a PBL Based Career Education Program)

  • 이혜숙;김유미
    • 초등상담연구
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.33-50
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 학생들이 진로와 관련된 실제적이고 맥락적인 문제를 해결하는 과정에서 자신의 적성, 흥미, 성격 등에 대한 정확한 이해를 하고 다양한 직업세계를 탐구할 수 있는 PBL(문제중심학습) 기반 진로교육 프로그램을 개발하여 초등학생들의 진로성숙도에 미치는 효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. PBL 기반진로교육 프로그램을 개발하는 과정은 먼저 아동들의 발달 특성 및 요구분석을 거쳐 과제 분석을 실시하고 수행목표를 진술한 뒤, 이를 토대로 프로그램의 핵심 구성요소인 PBL 문제를 개발하고 그 타당성을 검토하였다. 다음으로 프로그램 각 영역별 문제해결과정 및 결과발표에 대한 평가계획 및 평가도구를 제작하고 온라인 학습공간을 설계하였다. 이렇게 개발된 프로그램은 매 회기 40분 단위의 총 21개 회기로 구성되어 초등학교 5학년에 8주 동안 실시되었고 연구결과는 다음과 같다. PBL 기반 진로교육 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단은 통제집단에 비하여 사후검사에 있어서 진로태도와 진로태도의 하위요인(계획성, 성향, 타협성), 진로능력과 진로능력의 하위요인(직업의 이해능력, 자신의 이해능력, 의사결정능력)이 유의미하게 향상되었다. 또한 검사지 반응 분석 결과의 보완을 위한 내용 분석 결과, 학생들은 프로그램의 각 영역별로 제시되는 PBL 문제를 팀을 이루어 해결하고 발표하는 과정을 통하여 객관적으로 자신을 이해하고 일과 직업세계에 관한 다양하고 질이 있는 지식을 쌓게 되었다고 보고하였다. 본 연구의 결과 연구자가 개발한 PBL 기반 진로교육 프로그램은 학생들이 자신에 대한 객관적 이해와 의사결정능력의 향상,모둠원간의 활발한 상고작용과 토의가 이루어지도록 하여 초등학생의 진로태도와 진로능력 의 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이는 초등학생의 진로교육에 있어 자율적인 학습태도와 주체의식이 자신의 미래를 탐색하고 개발하고 개척할 수 있는 기회와 경험을 제공하는데 매우 중요하다는 것을 의미한다.

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초등학교 담임교사의 상담자로서 역할지각 및 수행실태와 아동의 기대 분석 (Analyses of Elementary School Homeroom Teachers' Role Percept ion and Performance as Counsellors and Children's Expectation for Teachers' Role as Counsellors)

  • 서주희;김양현
    • 초등상담연구
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.65-92
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    • 2006
  • The objective of this study is to conduct survey analyses of the role perception and performance of homeroom teachers in elementary schools in Seoul as well as their students' expectations for teachers' role as counsellors. The study also aims to analyze the causes behind the lackluster performance, to provide assistance in teachers' counselling and guidance activities and collect basic data for providing a plausible orientation for elementary school counselling. Research topics for achieving these study objectives are as follows. First, what is the status quo of counselling between elementary school students and teachers? Second, what is the role perception of elementary school homeroom teachers as counsellors and their current level of performance? Third, what are the differences in students' expectations for homeroom teachers' role as counsellors according to students' environmental variables such as gender and grade? Fourth, what are the discrepancies between the roles perception and performance of elementary school homeroom teachers and role expectation of students for homeroom teachers' role as counsellors? In order to answer these questions, surveys were conducted for 229 teachers and 385 students in grades 4, 5 and 6 in 11 elementary schools in Seoul, and the results were analyzed. The questionnaires used for this study were modified and supplemented according to the research objectives based on survey questions released by Gyung-Beom Lee(1989), Hak-Soo Lee(2001) and Gi-Nam Gwon(2005). Statistical analyses were peformed using the SPSS for Windows 10.0 program. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. First, most elementary school homeroom teachers were involved in counselling activities, and about half of them were providing counselling once a month or less. The classroom was the primary location of counselling, and more than half of the surveyed teachers were dissatisfied with their counselling activities. The teachers cited overwhelming teaching hours and excessive work as the factors that made counselling difficult. Second, it was revealed that most elementary school students have had experiences of anguish and most have had some form of counselling. They mostly sought counselling from their parents and friends, and the reasons behind such choices were that they were very understanding. Third, most students responded that they have had no experience of receiving counselling from their homeroom teachers. Among those with counselling experience with their homeroom teachers, most said that the counselling was helpful. The most significant reason for not receiving counselling from their homeroom teachers was that the students had no worries to talk about with their teachers. Fourth, as a result of categorizing the role of elementary school homeroom teachers as counsellors according to the areas of counselling, role perception for each area turned out to be generally high, while performance was substantially lacking. Fifth, in terms of the causes for the lackluster counselling performance, overwhelming teaching hours and excessive work were indicated for counselling areas of academic and personality issues. Sixth, the analysis of students' expectations for elementary school homeroom teachers as counsellors for counselling areas according to gender and grade revealed that there was no overall statistical significance. Seventh, from the general perspective, the level of role perception of the homeroom teachers were higher than the level of students' expectations. In conclusion, in order to enhance the teacher's role as a counsellor, there has to be a concrete perception of roles as a primary premise, calling for training sessions and programs dedicated to counseling for the teachers to take part in. Moreover, in order to alleviate the most significant causes for undermining teachers' counselling activities - overwhelming teaching hours and excessive work - there must be administrative consideration as well as provisions for effective counselling centers and dedicated school counsellors.

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아동청소년 교우관계문제검사의 요인구조 (Factor Structures of the Korean Inventory of Peer Relationships)

  • 최선희;김종미;홍상황
    • 초등상담연구
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.185-201
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사(KIPR)에 잠재되어 있는 요인구조를 밝히고 검증하여 이 검사의 심리적 특성을 밝히고 해석적 유용성을 높이는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 경남지역 3개 초등학교 4~6학년 아동 616명을 대상으로 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사를 실시하였고 그 중 578명의 자료를 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 3요인과 4요인 모형을 설정하여 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3요인 모형이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 3요인 모형에서 요인 1은 아동청소년 교우관계문제검사의 비주장성(C5), 사회적 억제(C4), 냉담(C3), 과순응성(C6) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "자신감 결여와 사회적 위축", 요인 2는 통제지배(C1), 자기중심성(C2) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "공격성과 타인조종", 요인 3은 자기희생(C7), 과관여(C8), 과순응성(C6) 원형척도의 문항들로 구성되어 있어서 "과잉배려"로 명명하였다. 둘째, 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3요인 모형은 4요인 모형보다 수집된 자료를 잘 반영하고 있었고(RMSEA=.054), 적합도는 만족할 수준은 아니지만 수용할 수 있는 수준이었고(CFI=.786), 모형의 간명성 또한 적합한 것으로 나타났다(PCFI=.733). 본 연구에서는 교우관계원형에서 상관계수가 높은 인접한 척도끼리는 동일한 요인으로 묶여지는 것을 확인하였고 이를 통해 8개의 원형척도를 망라하는 상위의 대표적인 요인척도를 구성하는데 필요한 근거를 제공하여, 이 검사의 해석적 유용성을 높였다는 점에서 의의가 있다고 생각된다.

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초등학생의 분노유발상황에 초점을 둔 인지행동적 분노조절 프로그램의 효과 (Development of A Cognitive-Behavioral Anger Control Program and It's Effects on Elementary School Children Under the Anger-inducing Situation)

  • 이미경
    • 초등상담연구
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.141-169
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    • 2007
  • One of the most common feelings in everyday life is anger. Anger plays an important role in activating emotional energy and increasing intolerance when confronted with hardships, frustration and improper treatments. And it provides us with controlling interpersonal behavior, organizing internal, physiological, psychological process and various adaptive functions. If anger is not properly expressed, it brings about offensive attitude, leading to not only physical impairment but also anxiety in interpersonal relations and maladaptive to everyday life. For elementary school students, frequent quarrels, abusive words and defiant attitude toward adults are also caused by students' anger. Therefore, students' anger is one of the most difficult problems to be dealt with not only psychologically but also in elementary schools. In this respect, after investigating frequently experienced anger- inducing situations and inventing anger-inducing situation questionnaire, we postulated specific situations changing irrational belief into rational one. Based on these situations, we accounted for how to cope with anger inducing factors and change irrational belief into rational one, introducing several strategies needed to control anger, invented cognitive behavioral anger control program and tried to clarify the relationship between anger inducing experience and anger regulation ability. In order to derive usual anger-inducing situations, we made 180 students with fifth and sixth grade to record the reason why he/she got angry, mood, thought, behavior and result. Through this process, we could derive 47 situations bringing about anger and prepared anger-inducing situation questionnaire. It can be divided into 3 anger inducing situations by using factor analysis into 500 elementary students of fifth and sixth grade. Cognitive behavioral anger control program used in this study consists of 13 sessions. From first to fifth session, it is composed of 10 anger control methods to make students be aware of and control their anger. From sixth through thirteenth session, the relationship between irrational belief and anger inducing is introduced is focused on how irrational belief is changed into rational one. To examine the effects of the program, high anger students and the students lacking anger control are selected. Thirty students through pre-test using anger-inducing questionnaire and anger control ability questionnaire are taught the goals and procedures. Volunteer students and students with parents' consent allocated to experimental group (12 students) and the rest of the students are control group (12 students). Cognitive Behavioral Anger Control Program are applied every 50 minutes twice a week for 7 weeks and 4 weeks before and after this program, anger-inducing situation questionnaire and anger control ability questionnaire are practiced. Data collected in this study analyzed by SPSS and Kwakstat. In the middle of this program, quarterly reports and satisfaction measuratings were evaluated to examine whether there is verbal and non-verbal behavior change and students feel satisfied with the program. The results of this study are as follows: First, Cognitive-behavioral anger control program used in this study effectively reduced anger experience and lasted for 4 weeks. Second, cognitive behavioral anger control program increased students' ability to control anger inducing situations and also effective for 4 weeks. And its effect on verbal and non-verbal behaviour was very impressive Students come to realize that irrational belief is the cause of their anger and actively apply cognitive-behavioral anger control technique to themselves as well. Students became improved in their peer relations and felt confident in everyday life. The overall evaluation of this program can be listed as follows; "very satisfactory (91.67%)", "satisfactory (8.33%)", "very helpful (91.67%)", "helpful (8.33%). In this study we first investigated several anger-inducing situations and invented anger-inducing situation questionnaire and then applied cognitive behavioral anger control program in order to control their. anger and not to experience it. By creating workbooks and manuals this method can easily be used in school education settings.

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초등학생의 보건관리 만족도와 태도에 관한 연구 - 양호교사 유무를 중심으로 - (A Study on the Health Care Satisfaction and Attitude of Elementary School Students - by the presence or absence of nurse teacher -)

  • 박동권;박영수
    • 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.49-71
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    • 2000
  • The purpose of this study was to serve as a basis for school health care of better quality, by making a comparative analysis of the health care satisfaction and attitude of elementary school students in consideration of their general characteristics and the presence or absence of nurse teacher. The subjects in this study were 919 selected six graders in 16 elementary schools in the city of Tongduchun, Koyang and Euijungbu, Yangju-kun and Yeunchun-kun. A survey was conducted with questionnaire designed for measurement of health care satisfaction and attitude. As a result of analyzing the data collected from June 1 through 15, 2000, the conclusions were as follows. 1) As for the general characteristics of the students investigated, the subjects included 513 boys(55.8%) and 406 girls(44.2%). The schools where 390(42.4%) students attended were located in municipal area, and the schools where 529(57.6%) students attended were located in kun area. 608(66.2%) students had a nurse teacher at their schools, while 311(33.8%) students had no nurse teacher. 498(54.2%) had an experience to use the health room this year, but 421(45.8%) had no such an experience. Their mean school life satisfaction was scored $3.42{\pm}.71$, above the average. And their health condition was rated $3.81{\pm}.87$, which implied they tended to be in good health. 2) The mean satisfaction at the health room operation was scored $3.33{\pm}.71$, above the medium level. What they were most satisfied with($4.02{\pm}1.08$) was, among the health room facilities, that there were beds. But they expressed the least satisfaction($2.83{\pm}1.17$) at the location of health room. The presence or absence of nurse teacher made a significant difference to their satisfactionat health room operation, because the students in schools with nurse teacher showed greater satisfaction($3.42{\pm}.72$) than the others in schools with no nurse teacher did($3.15{\pm}.66$). 3) Concerning their attitude to use the health room in case of disease or accident occurrence, a lot of students in schools with a nurse teacher, who had ever suffered from indigestion, headache or traumatic injury, used the health room. In schools with no nurse teacher, there was a tendency to talk to their class teachers(p<.001). The recognition of the necessity for health counseling was generally on a medium level. The counselor whom they wanted to discuss health problem with was family or friend in the largest cases. Few students discussed with class teachers in case there was a nurse teacher in school. Instead, some of them discussed with friend, family or nurse teacher, and there was a significant difference between them(p<.001). 4) The mean satisfaction at health, sanitation and environmental management was rated $3.20{\pm}.90$, above the average. The classroom lighting gave them the best satisfaction with $3.67{\pm}1.07$, but the satisfaction at toilet cleanness and disinfection was not good with $2.83{\pm}1.19$. By the presence or absence of nurse teacher, those who had a nurse teacher expressed better satisfaction at water supply facilities including hot water than the others who had no nurse teacher did(p<.001). But no significant difference was observed in the other items. 5) The health education satisfaction was rated $3.19{\pm}.99$, which was on a medium level. By item, the mean satisfaction level was $3.36{\pm}1.19$ at nurse teacher's explanation about treatment, $3.13{\pm}1.15$ at the frequency of health education, and $3.08{\pm}1.16$ at the explanation on the cause of disease. By the presence or absence of nurse teacher, the students with nurse teacher showed significantly better satisfaction at every factor0(p<.001). 6) Regarding health education attitude, their recognition of the need for school health education was scored $3.89{\pm}.96$. Those who had a nurse teacher felt it more necessary($3.96{\pm}.92$), yet the others who had no nurse teacher felt its necessity a little less($3.74{\pm}1.01$). The most preferred thing for them to learn in health education was first aid, followed by sex education, obesity prevention, safety accident prevention in school and outdoors, smoking-related health, good use of leisure time, and environmental pollution cause in the order named. According to the presence or absence of nurse teacher, there was a significant difference in sex education(p<.01), but no significant disparities were found in the other factors. The most preferred person who would offer health education was a lecturer from the outside(45.8%) and nurse teacher(45.4%). Their preference for class teacher as a person in charge of health education was just 8.8%. But the presence or absence of nurse teacher didn't produce any differences to their preference for a person in charge of health education.

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