• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.338-344
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• 2006

A novel series of 4-senecioyloxymethyl-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin, isolated from Crinum latifolium, was prepared by reacting 4-bromomethyl or 4-bromomethyl-6,7- dimethoxycoumarin with various carboxylic acids and examined for their anti-angiogenic activities in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Among them, 4e, 4f, 4g and 4i with noncyclic moiety exhibited potent anti-angiogenic activity. However, compounds with cyclic moiety such as phenyl, pyridinyl, thiophenyl and furanyl group did not exhibit any anti-angiogenic activity. Also, compounds 4f and 4g which exhibited strong anti-angiogenic activity in a dose-dependent manner showed antitumor activity.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.801-808
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• 2020

In this study, an effective fluorescence pH sensor based on conjugated polyelectrolyte micelles (CPMs) was devised for detecting extremely acidic conditions. An amphiphilic coumarin derivative (CC12-N), a building block, was prepared, into which an ionizable amino group, aryl amine, was incorporated as a potential hydrophilic moiety. This monomer displays self-assembled micelle formation in extremely acidic pH ranges, giving a hydrophobic π-extended conjugated system at the inner part and hydrophilic functionality at the periphery, resulting in efficient fluorescence intensity enhancement. This new micelle-based fluorescence provides an efficient sensing platform for detecting very low pH values in the presence of competing substances.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.01a
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• pp.41-42
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• 2000

Photosensitive polyimides containing cinnamoyl and coumarin side groups were synthesized in a high molecular weight, giving a good quality of films. Nematic liquid-crystal (LC) molecules on the film were aligned along the direction with an angle of $97-99^{\circ}$ respect to the polarization of ultraviolet (UV) light. The LC alignment was induced mainly by the photoaligned polymer chains made by the first UV-exposure even though the film was treated by multiple exposures with changing the polarization of UV light. From these results, it is concluded that the LC alignment on the film is induced by the photodimerization rather than the trans-cis photoisomerization.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.182-190
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• 2014

An ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry (MS) method was established for quantitative analysis of twelve components, allantoin (1), morroniside (2), 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (5-HMF) (3), loganin (4), coumarin (5), cinnamic acid (6), mesaconitine (7), cinnamaldehyde (8), hypaconitine (9), aconitine (10), alisol B (11), and alisol B acetate (12) in a Palmijihwang-hwan decoction. The twelve constituents were separated on a UPLC BEH C18 column ($2.1{\times}100mm$, $1.7{\mu}m$) at a column temperature of $40^{\circ}C$ by gradient elution with 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min and the injection volume was $2.0{\mu}L$. Calibration curves of all compounds were acquired with values of the correlation coefficient ${\geq}0.99$ within the test ranges. The limits of detection and quantification for all analytes were 0.01 - 4.53 ng/mL and 0.03 - 13.60 ng/mL, respectively. The concentrations of the compounds 1 - 9 and 12 were 72.83, 4389.00, 4859.00, 3155.17, 223.67, 33.50, 1.97, 518.00, 2.25, and $25.00{\mu}g/g$, respectively. However, compounds 10 and 11 were not detected.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.304-308
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• 2018

The interest in and development of healthy foods and nutraceuticals have increased because of the trend for a health-oriented society. Cinnamon is used as a food ingredient as well as a herbal medicine because of its functional properties. In this study, flavoring compounds and antioxidative activities of cinnamon extracts were investigated with different extraction solvents and extraction methods. The contents of flavoring compounds such as coumarin, cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde, and cinnamyl alcohol were investigated. The contents of courmarin, cinnamic acid, and cinnamylaldehyde in 70% ethanol extract were higher than those in hot water and subcritical water extracts. The contents of courmarin, cinnamic acid, and cinnamaldehyde in subcritical water extract were higher than those in hot water extract, whereas the content of cinnamyl alcohol was lower. DPPH scavenging activity increased with increasing concentration of the extracts, and the 70% ethanol extract showed the highest antioxidant activity. The ascorbic acid content of the 70% ethanol extract was largest in the antioxidative activity measurement by FRAP analysis. The ascorbic acid contents of the hot water and subcritical water extracts were similar.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.240-248
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• 2014

Gyejibokryeong-hwan (GJBRH) has been used for treatment of patients with climacteric syndrome. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometer (UPLC-ESI-MS) method was established for the simultaneous quantification of seven marker compounds in GJBRH extract. In addition, we assessed the antioxidant effects of GJBRH. All analytes were separated by gradient elution using two mobile phases on a UPLC BEH $C_{18}$ column and maintained at $45^{\circ}C$. The antioxidant activities of GJBRH were evaluated by measuring free radical scavenging activities on 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 1-1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The inhibitory effects on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were evaluated by the formation of thiobarbituric acid relative substances (TBARS) and relative electrophoretic mobility (REM). Regression equations of the seven compounds were acquired with $r^2$ values ${\geq}0.9988$. The amounts of the seven compounds, amygdalin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, coumarin, cinnamic acid, cinnamaldehyde, and paeonol in GJBRH water extract were 21.71, 2.16, 17.17, 1.97, 0.40, 0.78, and 3.42 mg/g, respectively. The GJBRH showed the radical scavenging activity in a dose-dependent manner. The concentration required for 50% reduction ($RC_{50}$) against ABTS and DPPH radicals were $54.18{\mu}g/mL$ and $79.53{\mu}g/mL$. Furthermore, GJBRH reduced the oxidation properties of LDL induced by $CuSO_4$.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2 s.62
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• pp.140-151
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• 2005

Objectives: Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR), the young twig of Cinnamomum loureirri nees, has been used for treating symptoms related to pain, rheumatic arthritis and inflammation in Korean herb medicine. This study was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of CR in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Extracts of CR were prepared and the chemical components of the extracts were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The extracts were administrated to the rat paw edema model induced by carrageenan to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of CR. The expressions of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were also quantified in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)­induced RAW 264.7 macrophages to survey the effect of CR in vitro. The main components were cinnamaldehyde and coumarin. Results: We examined the anti-inflammatory activity of the $80\%$ ethanol extract of Cinnamomi Ramulus in vivo by using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Maximum inhibition of $54.91\%$ was noted at the dose of l1000mg/kg after 2 hours of drug administration in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and this showed a potent anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusions: The results showed that Cinnamomi Ramulus suppressed dose-dependently LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and also decreased iNOS protein expression. Cinnamomi Ramulus also showed a significant inhibitory effect in LPS-induced PGE2 production and COX-2 expression.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1725-1728
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• 2007

Mast cells are key effector cells in the early phase allergic inflammation and in diverse immunological and pathological processes. In order to understand the effect on reduction of the anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibody-induced β-hexosaminidase release in RBL-2H3 rat mast cells, a novel series of 4-senecioyloxymethyl- 6,7-dimethoxycoumarins (SMDC) was prepared by reacting 4-chloromethyl-6,7-dimethoxycoumarin with various carboxylic acids. Compounds 8-11 with cyclic moiety such as phenyl, thiophenyl, pyridinyl, and furanyl group were found to inhibit-hexosaminidase release more potently (5.98-9.62 μM) than compounds 3- 7 and 12 with acyclic moiety (19.32-76.78 μM). Furthermore, compounds 8 and 9 inhibited IgE-induced ear swelling and significantly reduced systemic passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.295-298
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• 2006

Actinomycetes are ubiquitous Gram-positive soil bacteria and a group of the most important industrial microorganisms for the biosynthesis of many valuable secondary metabolites as well as the source of various bioconversion enzymes. Cytochrome P450 hydroxylase (CYP), a hemebinding protein, is known to be involved in the modification of various natural compounds, including polyketides, fatty acids, steroids, and some aromatic compounds. Previously, six different novel CYP genes were isolated from a rare actinomycetes called Sebekia benihana, and they were completely sequenced, revealing significant amino acid similarities to previously known CYP genes involved in Streptomyces secondary metabolism. In the present study, these six CYP genes were functionally expressed in Streptomyces lividans, using an $ermE^{*}$ promoter-containing Streptomyces expression vector. Among six CYP genes, two S. benihana CYP genes (CYP503 and CYP504) showed strong hydroxylation activities toward 7-ethoxycoumarin. Furthermore, the recombinant S. lividans containing both the S. benihana CYP506-ferredoxin genes as well as the S. coelicolor feredoxin reductase gene also demonstrated cyclosporin A hydroxylation activity, suggesting potential application of actinomycetes CYPs for the biocatalysts of natural product bioconversion.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.21 no.1_4
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• pp.13-21
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• 1978

The effect of cyclic-AMP on the induction of acid phosphatase activity in barley aleurone layers was examined. Tannic acid was used as a inhibitor. Decursinol and coumarin were also used as a comparison. Maxiumu promotion of the enzyme activity was obtained with 10-5M cyclic-AMP, but this promotion was lower than that of 10-5M GAS induced enzyme activity in incubation medium. The inhibition rate in the addition of tannic acid was shown 17% and 63% at a ratio to GAs (by weight) of 10 : 1, and 58% and 94% at a ratio of 100 : 1 treated with GAs, and cyclic-AMP, respectively. The most potentiation of 10-6M GAS effect was induced by the additiion of suboptimal concentration (10-6M) of cyclic-AMP. Additional GAs and cyclic-AMP were shown the recovery of the enzyme activity inhibited by tannic acid. The combination with cyclic-AMP and theophylline enhanced the enzyme activity, too. Any other nucleotides tested except cyclic-AMP didn't show the action. There were no differences in acid phosphatase isozyme patterns by polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis, in conjunction with the different additions but the size of bands showed great differences. Especially, the 3rd band and the 5th band group were remarkable.