• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.472-479
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• 2010

The dyeing properties of mulberry fiber/cotton blended fabric with Inonotus obliquus are studied through the investigation of the effects of dyeing conditions, such as the concentration of Inonotus obliquus extract colorants, dyeing temperature, time, and pH values on dye uptakes (K/S). In addition, the effects of mordant on the dye uptakes and antibacterial activities are investigated. The results are summarized as follows. The dye uptakes of dyed fabric increased gradually with an increase concentration of Inonotus obliquus extract colorants, the K/S value was the highest when the dyeing temperature was $60^{\circ}C$ for a duration of 60 minutes. As the pH value of the dyeing solution changed to more acidic, the dyeability of the, fabric was improved. The K/S value recorded the highest at pH 3. The antibacterial activities of dyed and unmordanted mulberry fiber/cotton blended fabric showed a high Staphylococcus aureus reduction rate.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.238-249
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• 2021

In this study, the effect on flame retardancy and various physical properties when TiO₂ was added with a citric acid/phosphate complex acid catalyst together with Pyrovatex CP new (N-methylol dimethylphosphonopropionamide), a phosphorus-based flame retardant, was studied on cotton fibers. SEM-EDS analysis was performed to confirm the surface characteristics and surface element analysis of the flame-retardant treated cotton fibers, and a vertical carbonization test was performed to confirm the char formation capability and flame retardancy according to the phosphoric acid ratio. By comparing the LOI index before and after washing 10 times, the washing durability of the flame retardant solution containing the phosphoric acid catalyst and TiO₂ was tested by LOI index after ten washing cycles. In addition, the influence of the flame-retardant processing on the physical properties were compared including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tear strength and whiteness.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.1 s.92
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

Dyeing of polyester/cotton blends is usually carried out through the two-bath or one-bath two-step dyeing method using proper disperse dyes and reactive dyes for each fiber. However, the dyeing requires relatively long and complicated procedure as well as there are some problems such as lower dyeability. In the present study, new one-bath one-step dyeing process was investigated using disperse dyes having amino groups and hetero-bifunctional bridge compound(DBDCBS) including dichloro-s-triazinyl groups and ${\alpha},{\beta}$-dibromopropionylamido groups to improve the dyeability of cotton component in polyester/cotton blends. And the one-bath dyeing properties of polyester/cotton blends was evaluated by various dyeing conditions such as pH, temperature and dye concentration, The optimum dyeing condition was pH 4 and $110-120^{\circ}C$. Color fastness were relatively good because of the colvalent bond formation between DBDCBS-reacted cotton fiber and disperse dye.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.27-32
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• 2013

To improve the physical properties, such as swelling and flexibility, of the cotton fiber, sodium hydroxide or cellulase was used for pretreatment before the beating process. Titanium dioxide was blended during beating process to improve the fibrillation of cotton fibers and even distribution of fillers to cotton fibers. Blending with titanium dioxide during beating process, led to improve the tensile strength and beating degree This treatment also improved the opacity, resulted by well dispersed titanium dioxide during blending. By the blending of titanium dioxide during beating process, similar impact of cotton fiber with cellulase or sodium hydroxide pretreatment was achieved. To improve the tensile strength and opacity of cotton paper simultaneously, titanium dioxide blending in during beating process was found as effective treatment.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.352-357
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• 2006

The cotton fabrics were pretreated by sodium 2-(2,3-dibromopropionylamino)-5-(4,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazinylamino) benzenesulfonate (DBDCBS) at alkaline condition ofroom temperature and then dyed with four disperse dyes having amino groups (C.I. Disperse Yellow 9, C.I. Disperse Red 11, C.I. Disperse Blue 56 and C.I. Disperse Violet 1) at acidic condition of high temperature. A novel hetero-bifunctional bridge compound, DBDCBS, has two reactive groups such as dichloro-striazinyl group and ${\alpha},\;{\beta}$-dibromopropionylamido group. The first has reactivity towards hydroxy group of cellulosic fiber and the second shows reactivity towards amino groups of disperse dye containing amino groups. The results indicate that it is possible to dye polyester/cotton blend at one-bath dyeing using one kind of disperse dye containing amino groups. Therefore, two kinds of dyeing methods such as two-bath process one-bath dyeing and one-bath process one-bath dyeing were investigated and their dyeabilities were compared. The differences between these two methods were negligibly small so that perfect one-bath one-step dyeing of polyester/cotton blend by one kind of disperse dye was achieved.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.3 s.43
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• pp.251-256
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• 1992

As a basic expriment to find out the thermal insulation effect of bedding KES-F7 was used to measure. The warmth retaining ratio of the six kinds of filling materials as cotton, wool , silk, down, cotton/polyester was measured, and the infleunce on the warmth retaining ratio of the warmth retaining ratio and humidity by the material was investigated. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The warmth retaining ratio of each filling material was shown to range from $70\%$ to $77\%$ . The warmth retaining ratio of each material preyed to be high in order down> polyester> cotton/polyester>cotton>silk>wool fiber. 2. The warmth retaining ratio of each filling material decreased with the inclose of the humidity The effective reduction rate by filling fiber's was high in order wool>cotton>cotton/polyester>silk>down>polyester material. 3. The warmth retaining ratio of each filling material was shown to be in counter-correlation with the humidity, and the correlation coefficient (r=0.94-0.98) proved to be highly signi-ficant.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.271-274
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• 2003

A pyrolysis gas-chromatographic method (Py-GC) was utilized for the identification as well as the content measurement of textile materials. Py-GC was applied to natural cotton fiber, synthetic polyester fiber, and their blended fabrics. The characteristic peaks originated from thermally decomposed products were observed, and the area of peak increased with the content of polyester. The products of pyrolized polyester were identified as benzoic acid terephthalic acid, and vinyl benzoic acid, which were characterized by mass spectrometry. This analytic method of offered a quantitative means to identify the content of cotton and polyester.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.803-809
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• 2004

In order to activate the characteristics of charcoal in fiber systems, this was carried out to experiment with the particle size from two micrometers to ten micrometers of charcoal powders on cotton fabrics. The results obtained were as follows; The fabrics were dyed with gray colors by charcoal. The K/S values, that were indicative of the dye affinity, became higher as the increase of dyeing temperature, dyeing time, and dyeing concentration. Also it was confirmed the morphology of the fiber surfaces adsorbed with the particle size from two micrometers to four micrometers of charcoal powder by scanning electronmicronscope. The cotton fabrics dyed by charcoals generally recorded 3-4 degree of wash fastness, 4-5 degree of dry-cleaning fastness, 4-5 degree acidic and alkaline perspirations and water fastness. In connection with the functional properties, cotton fabrics dyed with charcoal appeared that antibacterial, deodorization, far infrared emissivity were improved. Especially the deodorization was improved greatly by using charcoal.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1056-1064
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• 2008

Toes socks are used widely for the health of feet. However, discomfort is one of the major complains from toes socks users. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of functional fibers on the physiological response and wearing sensation of toes socks. For experiment, two different toes socks with cotton/warm fiber(WS) and cotton/chitosan fiber(CS) were knitted automatically by a computer controlled flat knitting machine. The control toes socks with cotton/nylon/polyurethan(TS) were prepared to compare the properties. Experiments were conducted in a climate room of $16\pm2^{\circ}C$, $50\pm5%$ R.H. The results of this study were as follows. The change of heart rate, pulse rate, and mean skin temperature showed no difference among three different socks. However, skin temperature of TS was evaluated higher than that of WS and CS. After exercise wearing WS both instep temperature and sole temperature of women tend to higher compared to men. Wet sensation and overall comfort sensation of toes socks were significantly influenced by different fiber contents. Subjects evaluated WS and CS more comfortable than TS.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.59-65
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• 1996

Cotton fabrics were treated by low temperature plasma and/or cellulase, and its physical and dyeing properties were investigated. All the pretreatments of the cotton with low temperature plasma of oxygen, nitrogen and argon slowed down the rate of weight loss of cotton in cellulase solution. Plasma pretreatment did not show any strength retention effect on cotton fiber in the subsequent cellulase treatment. Pretreatment of cotton with low temperature oxygen plasma decreased the rate of dyeing in direct dye bath, while cellulase or plasma/cellulase pretreatment increased the rate. Equilibrium dye uptake of cotton was not changed greatly by the pretreatments except the normal untreated cotton showed more or less high uptake. The pretreatment of cellulase with a water-soluble carbodiimide reduced the enzymatic activity, and did not show any strength retention of cotton in enzymatic weight loss.