• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the immunopotentiative effects of conjugated linoleic acid on mice immunosuppressed by administratin corticoids. Mice were divided into four groups of 8 mice. Two groups (C, CP) were given diet supplemented with 1% linoleic acid (CLA) and the other two groups (L, LP) were given diet supplemented with 1% linoleic acid (LA) instead of CLA. Prednison was administered to two groups (CP, LP) for immune depression. After feeding diets for 3 weeks containing PDS injection for last 1 week. Serum and gut lumen lavage were taken. Measurement of total Ig were executed using sandwich ELISA. Serum levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM showed some trend which groups fed with CLA were higher than groups fed with LA while IgE was reduced in those fed the CLA intake, and groups administered with PDS were lower than groups administered with saline. However, no significant differences were seen in the proportion of total immunoglobulin in serum. In case of secretory IgA, Group C and CP were significantly higher than group L and LP. Especially between CP and LP, it can be seen effects of CLA. In addition that the CLA treated group weighted a significantly lower level than the one's that have not been treated with CLA. These result support the view that CLA potentiate the immune response and prevent immune depression caused by administrating of corticoids. In conclusion, CLA produced a situation favorable for immunopotentiative effects. Thus, the clinical application of CLA is warranted.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 1975

In summary, progesterone is probably the only naturallly occurring progestational agent of any significance. Small amounts may be synthesized by the cells of the follicle in the provulatory swelling phase; however, the major production is by the corpus luteum cells of the ovary during the luteal phase of the cycle. It is constantly produced in small amounts by the adrenal gland and by the testis in the male. In the adrenal and the testis, it probably serves as the precursor for corticoids and androgens. It is transported in the blood by a specific binding protein and metabolized and conjugated in the liver into sodium pregnanediol glucuronide which also circulates in the blood. Approximately 20% is excreted in the urine as sodium pregnanediol glucronide; pregnanolone represents a minor metabolic product. The pregnanediol which is excreted in the bile is enzymically hydrolyzed by the gut so that the pregnanediol recovered in the feces is in the free form.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.288-290
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• 1991

개의 여러가지 질병상태에서 근복적인 치료나 보조적인 치료제로서의 flumethasone 투여는 아주 좋은 치료효과를 나타냈다. 우리가 병원에서 상용하는 flumethasone의 평균 투여량은 0.125$\~$0.5mg으로서 경구 또는 주사로 투여했다. 경구적으로 투여하는 주된 사용량은 1일 0.03125mg$\~$0.125mg이며 환축의 크기, 치유과정 그리고 병증의 심한 정도에 따라 양을 가감했다. 투여경로를 달리하여도 약효에 차이가 생기지는 않았다. flumethasone의 소염효과, 당신생효과 및 항독소적 치료효과에서 기존의 corticoids 투여시 나타나는 효과에 비해 정성적인 차이는 없었으나 실험실 결과와 병원에서 사용한 임상결과 flumethasone은 hydrocortisone보다 300$\~$400배 그리고 prednisone이나 prednisolone 보다는 60$\~$80배나 강한 약효를 발휘하는 것으로 나타났다. 임상적용에서 나타난 감동적인 효과에서 이러한 flumethasone의 약효에 대한 자료들이 입증되었다. 또한 치료된 동물들이 보여준 반응은 flumethasone의 약효 지속시간이 기존의 corticoids보다 더 긴 것으로 나타났다. 앞에서 언급했듯이 flumethasone 투여시는 전해질 불균형에 의해 유발되는 다음다갈증이나 다뇨증, 식욕촉진 등의 부작용이 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 flumethasone의 안전성은 기존의 corticoids로 비만동물이나 나이든 환축을 치료할때 자주 나타났던 부작용업이 장기간 치료할 수 있으므로 아주 중요하다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2011

Urinary steroid levels were investigated in the treatment of CKD-501, a new anti-diabetic drug candidate. CKD-501 was administered orally at the dosage of 1, 2, 4 mg/day for 7 days to normal men (n=18). Urine was collected before, during and after stopping the drug administration and the urinary level of androgen, estrogen, progestin and corticoids were quantified using GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Only urinary corticosteroid and an androgen, DHEA levels among all the analyzed steroids, have been found to increase progressively, reaching significant levels on the last day of drug treatment and later declined after the drug treatment is withdrawn. Therefore, it was thought that an increase in the urinary corticoid and DHEA levels could be a characteristic of CKD-501, since it prominently acts on the glucose sensitivity and suppresses the triglyceride levels. In conclusion, it was found that CKD-501, an anti-diabetic drug candidate, affects the glucocorticoid and DHEA levels and it plays a crucial role in glucose homeostasis.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2020

We present an 8 years old girl who was diagnosed at 6 months of age of Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis type 2. Although liver transplantation (LT) was classically considered curative for these patients, cholestasis recurrence with normal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), mediated by anti-bile salt export pump (BSEP) antibodies after LT (auto-antibody Induced BSEP Deficiency, AIBD) has been recently reported. Our patient underwent LT at 14 months. During her evolution, patient presented three episodes of acute rejection. Seven years after the LT, the patient presented pruritus with cholestasis and elevation of liver enzymes with persistent normal GGT. Liver biopsy showed intrahepatic cholestasis and giant-cell transformation with very low BSEP activity. Auto-antibodies against BSEP were detected therefore an AIBD was diagnosed. She was treated with Rituximab and immunoadsorption with resolution of the AIBD. As a complication of the treatment she developed a pneumocystis infection successfully treated with corticoids, cotrimoxazol and anidulafungin.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.479-491
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• 1998

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the research of acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for sinusitis. Methods: I mainly investigated 14 different kinds of recent edition of Chinese books and journals as references. Results: In the view of oriental medicine, sinusitis is regarded as Piyon(鼻淵). The loci used in the otopuncture therapies were Naepi(內鼻), Pye(肺), Aeck(額), Shinsangsun(腎上腺), Naebunpi(內分泌), and Weipi(外鼻) according to their frequencies. The drugs used in the drug-injection therapies were Corticoids, Lidocaine, Vitamin B, and herbal drugs. In addition, there were couple therapies mentioned in the references such as the electro-acupuncture therapies, the point penetration therapies, the point through-sinus acupuncture therapies, the point application therapies, the moxibustion therapies, the three-edged needle therapies, the ultra-sono acupuncture therapies, the cupping therapies, and the laser acupuncture therapies. Conclusions: There were various newly developed acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for sinusitis. Among them, the otopuncture therapies, the drug-injection therapies and the electro-acupuncture therapies were more frequently used than others.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2013

A metabolomics study was conducted to identify urinary biomarkers for breast cancer, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), analyzed by principal components analysis (PCA) as well as a partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) for a metabolic pattern analysis. To find potential biomarkers, urine samples were collected from before- and after-mastectomy of breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Androgens, corticoids, estrogens, nucleosides, and polyols were quantitatively measured and urinary metabolic profiles were constructed through PCA and PLS-DA. The possible biomarkers were discriminated from quantified targeted metabolites with a metabolic pattern analysis and subsequent screening. We identified two biomarkers for breast cancer in urine, ${\beta}$-cortol and 5-methyl-2-deoxycytidine, which were categorized at significant levels in a student t-test (p-value < 0.05). The concentrations of these metabolites in breast cancer patients significantly increased relative to those of controls and patients after mastectomy. Biomarkers identified in this study were highly related to metabolites causing oxidative DNA damage in the endogenous metabolism. These biomarkers are not only useful for diagnostics and patient stratification but can be mapped on a biochemical chart to identify the corresponding enzyme for target identification via metabolomics.