• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2011

Pearson's correlation was used to determine relations between infiltration and affecting factors using flow monitoring data measured in 24 areas with different characteristics. Factors showed relatively high correlations than others were indexed to determine infiltration rates of the study area. Among 8 factors(service area, sewer length, sewer diameter, multiplier of sewer length and diameter, number of manholes, population, number of properties, number of households) tested, the multiplier of sewer length and diameter, the number of population and the number of household in each service area indicated higher correlation coefficient(>0.8) than others. The goodness of fitness of linear regressions between infiltration and the factors followed the order: sewer length and diameter(0.68)> population(0.65)> number of household(0.60). Infiltration rates calculated by the multiplier of sewer length and diameter, the number of population and the number of household in each service area were 0.046~1.0396 $m^{3}/d{\cdot}mm-km$, 0.0917~1.7355 $m^{3}/capita{\cdot}d$, 0.196~4.529 $m^{3}/household {\cdot}d$ respectively. After sewerage rehabilitation work of the area, the infiltration rates calculated by above factors with high correlations are expected to be used for comparing effectiveness of the work once they are estimated under the same flow measuring conditions.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.70-78
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• 2004

An experimental study on the pressure drop during flow boiling for pure refrigerants Rl34a and R123, and their mixture was carried out in a uniformly heated horizontal tube. Tests were run at a pressure of 0.6㎫ and in the ranges of heat flux 5-50㎾/$m^2$, vapor quality 0-100 percent and mass velocity of 150-600 kg/$m^2$s. Generally, the two-phase frictional multiplier is used to predict the frictional pressure drop during the two-phase flow boiling. The obtained results have been compared to the existing various correlations for the two-phase multiplier. Also, the frictional pressure drop was compared to a few available correlations; The Lockhart-Martinelli correlation considerally overpredicted the frictional pressure drop data for mixture as well as pure components in the entire mass velocity ranges employed in the present study, while the Chisholm correlation underpredicted the present data. The Friedel correlation was found to satisfactorily correlate the frictional pressure drop data except for a low quality region.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.101-104
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• 2002

This paper propose that is algorithm of power dissipation reduction in the high level synthesis design for DSP(Digital Signal Processor), as the portable terminal system recently demand high power dissipation. This paper obtain effect of power dissipation reduction and switching activity that increase correlation of operands as input data of function unit. The algorithm search loop or repeatedly data to the input operands of function unit. That can be reduce the power dissipation using the new low power high level synthesis algorithm. In this Paper, scheduling operation search same nodes from input DFG(Data Flow Graph) with correlation coefficient of first input node and among nodes. Function units consist a multiplier, an adder and a register. The power estimation method is added switching activity for each bits of nodes. The power estimation have good efficient using proposed algorithm. This paper result obtain more Power reduction of fifty percents after using a new low power algorithm in a function unit as multiplier.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2019

본 논문은 높은 스펙트럼 효율을 갖는 nonconstant modulus 신호 전송에서 채널에서 발생되는 부호간 간섭을 보상하기 위한 QE-MMA (Quantized Error-Multiple Modulus Algorithm) 적응 등화 알고리즘에서 양자화기의 비트수에 의한 성능을 평가하였다. 적응 등화기의 탭 계수 갱신시 오차 신호가 필요하게 되는데 QE-MMA는 H/W 응용의 편리를 위하여 오차신호의 극성과 유한 비트의 비선형 power-of-two 양자화 성분까지 고려한 correlation multiplier를 이용하게 된다. 이때 양자화기의 비트수에 따라 상이한 적응 등화 성능이 얻어지므로 이들의 성능을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 평가하며 이를 위하여 동일 채널에서 등화기 출력 성상도, 잔류 isi, 최대 찌그러짐과 MSE, SER을 적용하였다. 성능 평가 결과 양자화기 비트수가 클수록 정상 상태에서의 모든 성능 지수에서 개선되며 등화 잡음이 감소하였지만, 정상 상태에 도달하기 위한 수렴 속도가 늦어짐을 확인하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.541-550
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• 2001

This paper considers a panel data regression model in which the disturbances follow a nested error components with serial correlation. Given this model, this paper derives several Lagrange Multiplier(LM) testis for the presence of serial correlation as well as random individual effects, nested effects, and for existence of serial correlation given random individual and nested effects.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.510-517
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• 2003

An experimental study on the pressure drop during flow boiling for pure refrigerants R134a and Rl23, and their mixture was carried out in a uniformly heated horizontal tube. Tests were run at a pressure of 0.6 MPa and in the ranges of heat flux 5~50 kW/m$^2$, vapor quality 0~100 percent and mass velocity of 150~600 kg/m$^2$s. Generally, the two-phase frictional multiplier is used to predict the frictional pressure drop during the two-phase flow boiling. The obtained results have been compared to the existing various correlations for the two-phase multiplier. Also, the frictional pressure drop was compared to a few available correlations; The Lockhart-Martinelli correlation considerally overpredicted the frictional pressure drop data for mixture as well as pure components in the entire mass velocity ranges employed in the present study, while the Chisholm correlation underpredicted the present data. The Friedel correlation was found to satisfactorily correlate the frictional pressure drop data except for a low quality region.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2004

We measured biophoton emissions from seven acupuncture points of eight healthy subjects. The measured points are the Yintang, the $Danch{\bar{u}}$, the Shinketsu, the left and right $R{\bar{o}}ky{\bar{u}}$ and the left and right Yaotongwue of hands. The photo multiplier tube (H-610805s, Hamamatsu, Japan) has spectral range between 300nm and 650nm. Significantly low emission rate was observed at the Shinketsu where the rate was $3.7\;{\pm}\;1.8\;cps$. On the average the highest emission was from the Yaotongxue points where the rate was $11.3\;{\pm}\;5.4$. The high correlation between the left and right hands, and the low correlation between different points are consistent with previous reports.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제49권7호
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• pp.1405-1413
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• 2017

To investigate the heat loads imposed on a reactor vessel through the natural convection of core melts in severe accidents, mass transfer experiments were performed based on the heat transfer/mass transfer analogy, using two- (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) facilities of various heights. The modified Rayleigh numbers ranged from $10^{12}$ to $10^{15}$, with a fixed Prandtl number of 2,014. The measured Nusselt numbers showed a trend similar to those of existing studies, but the absolute values showed discrepancies owing to the high Prandtl number of this system. The measured angle-dependent Nusselt numbers were analyzed for 2-D and 3-D geometries, and a multiplier was developed that enables the extrapolation of 2-D data into 3-D data. The definition of $Ra^{\prime}_H$ was specified for 2-D geometries, so that results could be extrapolated for 3-D geometries; also, heat transfer correlations were developed.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.231-245
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• 2000

This paper considers a linear regression model with space and time data in where the disturbances follow spatially correlated error components. We provide the best linear unbiased predictor for the one way error components. We provide the best linear unbiased predictor for the one way error component model with spatial autocorrelation. Further, we derive two diagnostic test statistics for the assessment of model specification due to spatial dependence and random effects as an application of the Lagrange Multiplier principle.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.625-631
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• 2013

Two-phase pressure drop experiments were performed during flow boiling to deionized water in a microchannel having a hydraulic diameter of $500{\mu}m$. Tests were made in the ranges of heat fluxes from 100 to $400kW/m^2$, vapor qualities from 0 to 0.2 and mass fluxes of 200, 400 and $600kg/m^2s$. The frictional pressure drop during flow boiling is predicted by using two models; the homogeneous model that assumes equal phase velocity and the separate flow model that allows a slip velocity between two phases. From the experimental results, it is found that the two phase multiplier decreases with an increase in mass flux. Measured data of pressure drop are compared to a few available correlations proposed for macroscale and mini/microscale. Among the separated flow models, the correlation model suggested by Lee and Garimella predicted the frictional pressure drop within MAE of 47.2%, which is better than other correlations.