• 제목/요약/키워드: copper diet

검색결과 109건 처리시간 0.032초

사료내 카드뮴 첨가가 체조직과 피모의 카드뮴, 아연, 철 및 구리함량에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Dietary Cadmium, Zinc, Iron and Copper Concentrations of Tissues and Hair in Rats)

  • 이근우;이현범
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.361-383
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    • 1987
  • This thesis was designed to find out whether the cadmium content of hair in living animals reflects the status of cadmium accumulation in internal organs or muscles so that this status can be used as a diagnostic method. Forty-five rats were divided into 4 experimental groups and one control group. The control group received a basal diet which contained zinc $100{\mu}g/g$, iron $80{\mu}g/g$ and copper $135{\mu}g/g$. The experimental group received experimental diets sllpplemented with 1, 10, 100 or $1,000{\mu}g/g$ cadmium as cadmium sulfate. Rats were dissected on the 28th or 56th day of experimental periods and tissues, blood and hair samples were taken, dried and burned to ash and analysed. The cadmium, iron zinc and copper concentrations were measured with an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In addition feed efficiency and hematological changes were observed. The results obtained can be summerized as follows: A marked decrease in feed intake, weight gain and feed efficiency were observed from 1 or 2 weeks of experimental periods, which was in accordance with the dosage and periods. The cadmium contents of kidney, liver, spleen and muscle were significantly increased in all experimental rats; the accumulation was marked in kidney and liver tissues. It was shown that the cadmium contents of hair reflects the cadmium accumulation in internal organs and muscle; the higher the cadmium levels of diet and of rat tissues, the higher the cadmium content of hair. In the $100{\mu}g/g$ group of rats erythrocyte counts and. hemoglobin concentrations were decreased. A significant(p<0.01, p<0.05) increase in iron contents of kidney, liver and muscle was observed in 10, 100, $1,000{\mu}g/g$ groups of rats on the 28th day of experiment. A significant (p<0.01, p<0.05) increase in zinc contents of kidney, liver and muscle was observed in all experimental rats. On the other hand, serum zinc concentration was decreased. A significant(p<0.01) increase in copper contents in the liver was observed on the 28th day in $100{\mu}g/g$ and $1,000{\mu}g/g$ groups of rats. From these results it may be concluded that the analysis of hair for cadmium is a useful diagnostic approach for the cadmium status of internal organs and muscle in living animals.

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Effects of Gestational Status on Apparent Absorption and Retention of Copper and Zinc in Mature Angus Cows and Suffolk Ewes

  • Vierboom, M.M.;Engle, T.E.;Kimberling, C.V.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.515-518
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    • 2003
  • Six mature purebred Angus cows ($3.5{\pm}1.5$ years of age, $631.36{\pm}8.63kg$), three pregnant ($250{\pm}7$ days pregnant) and three non-pregnant and eight mature Suffolk ewes ($5{\pm}1.2$ years of age, $68.18{\pm}2.3kg$) four pregnant $115{\pm}5$ days pregnant) and four nonpregnant were utilized in a five-day metabolic trial to determine the effects of gestational status (pregnant vs. non-pregnant) on apparent absorption and retention of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). Animals were selected based on body weight, age, and gestational status, and randomly assigned to metabolic crates for total fecal and urine collection. Animals were allowed to acclimate to their new environment for seven days. Pregnant and non-pregnant cows and ewes were then paired (within a species) by body weight and pair-fed throughout the 5 day collection period. Copper and Zn intakes were similar for pregnant and non-pregnant animals within a species. Apparent absorption of Cu (p<0.06) and Zn (p<0.04) were higher in pregnant cows relative to non-pregnant cows. Pregnant cows also had a higher apparent retention of Cu (p<0.05) and Zn (p<0.06) relative to non-pregnant cows. Pregnant ewes had a higher (p<0.01) apparent absorption and retention of Zn compared to non-pregnant ewes. However, apparent absorption and retention of Cu were similar for pregnant and non-pregnant ewes. These data indicate that certain physiological and/or metabolic parameters are altered in pregnant cows and ewes consuming an alfalfa-based diet that enhance the apparent absorption and retention of certain trace minerals.

Dietary Calcium and Non-phytin Phosphorus Interaction on Growth, Bone Mineralization and Mineral Retention in Broiler Starter Chicks

  • Rao, S.V. Rama;Raju, M.V.L.N.;Reddy, M.R.;Pavani, P.;Sunder, G. Shyam;Sharma, R.P.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제16권5호
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    • pp.719-725
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    • 2003
  • An experiment was conducted to study the requirement of calcium (Ca) and non-phytin phosphorus (NPP) in commercial broilers during starter phase. Seven hundred and twenty day-old Vencob male broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 144 stainless steel battery brooders, 5 birds in each. Four levels each of Ca (6, 7, 8, and 9 g/kg) and NPP (3, 3.5, 4, and 4.5 g/kg diet) were fed in a factorial design in a corn-soya basal diet. Levels of dicalcium phosphate and oyster shell grit were adjusted to obtain the desired levels of Ca and NPP. Each diet was fed ad libidum to chicks in 9 battery brooders from one d to 21 d of age. Body weight gain and feed intake were depressed (p<0.01) by increasing the dietary Ca level (8 and 9 g/kg) at lower levels of NPP (3 and 3.5 g/kg diet). The growth depression observed at lower NPP level was alleviated by reducing the Ca content to 6 g/kg diet. The tibia ash content and tibia breaking strength increased with increase in both Ca (>6 g/kg) and NPP (>3 g/kg) levels. The leg abnormality score decreased (p<0.01) with increase in NPP content in the diet at all levels of Ca tested. The serum Ca and inorganic P levels were increased with increase in the level of the respective mineral in the diet, but the serum concentration of Ca and P were inversely related to the level of NPP and Ca, respectively /kg diet. In general, the excretion of macro minerals (Ca, and P), and micro minerals {zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu)} was significantly lower at lower levels of Ca and NPP tested (6 and 3 g/kg diet, respectively). The mineral excretion increased with increase in dietary Ca and NPP levels, more conspicuously at the disproportionate ratio of these minerals (>2:1, Ca and NPP). Similarly, the retention of Zn, Mn, and Fe in liver was significantly higher (p<0.01) at lower levels of Ca and NPP tested. Results from this study indicate that the commercial broilers do not require more than 3 g NPP and 6g Ca/kg diet during starter phase (up to 21 d of age) for optimum weight gain, feed efficiency and utilization of Ca, P, Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu. However, the requirements of these minerals for optimum bone mineralization were higher than the levels suggested above.

Effects of Dietary Copper Exposure on Accumulation and Histopathological Change in Liver of Juvenile Rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli

  • Kim Jae-Won;Kim Seong-Gil;Kim Sang-Gyu;Song Seoung-Yeup;Kang Ju-Chan
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제6권2호
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    • pp.81-87
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    • 2003
  • Experiments were carried out to investigate the accumulation and the histopathological changes in liver of juvenile rockfish, S. schlegeli, after sub-chronic dietary Cu (0, 50, 125, 250 and 500mg/kg) exposure for 60 days. Cu accumulation in liver was significantly increased with dietary exposure period and concentration for 60 days, and has a linear relation with dietary exposure days. After 60 days of Cu dietary exposure, the Cu concentration in the liver was $75.9\pm12.05,\;126.29\pm22.11\;and\;360.44\pm45.26\;{\mu}g/g$ dry weight and was approximately 11-fold, 18-fold and 51-fold higher than in the control diet group at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg Cu diet group. The accumulation factors were increased with the dietary exposure period in liver of rockfish. In the primary exposed stage, the effect of hepatic tissue in the rockfish exposed to dietary Cu observed enlargement of hepatocytes nuclei, activity of hepatic cells and the swelling of hepatic cells. While exposed time and concentration were increased, the distinct granulation, irregular shape and necrosis of hepatic cells were observed. It was observed that granule degeneration and necrosis showed a part of cells in hepatic tissue after 60 days at 500 mg/kg.

여대생의 아연, 구리, 망간, 셀레늄 섭취 상태 평가 (Evaluation of Dietary Zinc, Copper, Manganese and Selenium Intake in Female University Students)

  • 배윤정;김미현;연지영
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.146-155
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    • 2012
  • This study aimed to measure and evaluate the intakes of four antioxidant trace elements, namely, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se in 19-29y-old female university students in Korea. Diet data were collected by 3-day dietary records in 644 subjects. The mean age, height, weight and body mass index of the subjects were 20.08 years, 161.77 cm, 54.26 kg and $20.82kg/m^2$, respectively. The mean, median and 25th-75th percentile intakes of Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se in the subjects were 12.83 mg (12.40 mg, 9.59 to 15.34), 1.30 mg (1.27 mg, 1.00 to 1.57), 3.19 mg (3.12 mg, 2.45 to 3.86), and $50.90{\mu}g$ ($50.17{\mu}g$, 37.59 to 64.35), respectively. The proportion of subjects whose Mn intake was adequate or less was 62.89%, and the proportions of subjects whose Zn, Cu and Se intakes were at the estimated average requirements or less were 10.09, 4.97, and 39.60%, respectively. The major food group for dietary intakes of Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se was cereal, providing 8.55 mg (66.60%), 0.78 mg (59.93%), 2.09 mg (65.50%), and $16.83{\mu}g$ (32.43%), respectively. Many female university students were deficient in Mn and Se compared with the dietary reference intakes. Therefore, except for cereal, it is required to consume a diet consisted of various food sources for increasing the intakes of antioxidant trace minerals, especially animal food groups.

Cu-Soy Proteinate(Cu-SP)와 Herbal Mixture(HBM)의 급여가 육계의 생산성, 소장 내 미생물 균총 및 면역체계에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Supplementary Cu-Soy Proteinate (Cu-SP) and Herbal Mixture (HBM) on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflroa, Immune Response in Broilers)

  • 김찬호;신광석;강환구;김지혁;황보종;최희철;문홍길;백인기;방한태
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제41권3호
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    • pp.165-171
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    • 2014
  • 본 실험에서는 Cu-soy proteinate(Cu-SP)와 Herb-Mix(HBM)을 단독 또는 혼합 급여가 육계의 생산성, 혈액 성상, 면역 및 분내 미생물에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 실시하였다. 육계(Ross308) 1,000수를 공시하여 5처리 4반복으로 반복 당 50수씩 완전 임의 배치하여, 자유 섭식하게 하였으며, 35일간 전기(0~21일), 후기(22~35일)로 나누어 실시하였다. 처리구들은 대조구(Control : negative control), 항생제구(Antibiotics : avilamycin 6 ppm 첨가구), Cu-SP(Cu-soy proteinate로 Cu 100 ppm 첨가구), HBM(지황 10%, 산약 10%, 당귀 20%, 오미자 5%, 감초 5%, 천궁 10%) 0.15% 첨가구, Cu-SP + HBM(Cu-soy proteinate로 Cu 100 ppm 첨가구 + HBM 0.15%) 첨가구 총 5 처리구였다. 35일의 사양 시험 결과, 전기 기간(0~21일)은 증체량, 사료 섭취량, 사료 요구량, 폐사율은 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 반면, 후기 기간(22~35일)에 사료 섭취량과 사료 요구량은 대조구가 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높았다. 전 기간(0~35일)에 증체량은 첨가구들이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높았다. 반면, 사료 섭취량, 사료 요구량은 첨가구들이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 낮았다. 림프구(LY)는 Cu-SP + HBM구가 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높았으며, HE : LY 비율은 대조구가 유의적으로(P<0.05) 가장 높았다. 혈장 IgG 함량은 HBM 첨가구들이 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높았다. 혈장 IgA 함량은 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 유해균인 Cl. Perfringens는 대조구가 유의적으로(P<0.05) 높았으며, E. coli와 Lactobacillus는 처리구 간에 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결론적으로 Cu-SP와 HBM의 단독 급여나 혼합 급여는 둘 다 생산성을 증가시키며, 면역성상을 개선시키는 역할을 한다. 또한 소장 내 유해 미생물을 억제하는 긍정적인 효과를 보여주었다.

Effects of Dietary Copper Source and Level on Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Lipid Metabolism in Lambs

  • Cheng, Jianbo;Fan, Caiyun;Zhang, Wei;Zhu, Xiaoping;Yan, Xiaogang;Wang, Runlian;Jia, Zhihai
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제21권5호
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    • pp.685-691
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    • 2008
  • An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of dietary copper (Cu) on performance, carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism in lambs. Fifty DorperMongolia wether lambs (approximately 3 month of age; 23.80.6 kg of body weight) were housed in individual pens and were assigned randomly to one of five treatments. Treatments consisted of 1) control (no supplemental Cu), 2) 10 mg Cu/kg DM from Cu-lysine, 3) 20 mg Cu/kg DM from Cu-lysine, 4) 10 mg Cu/kg DM from tribasic copper chloride (Cu2(OH)3Cl; TBCC), 5) 20 mg Cu/kg DM from tribasic copper chloride. The Cu concentration was 6.74 mg/kg DM in the basal diet. Body weight was measured on two consecutive days at the start and the end of the 60-day experimental period. Blood samples were collected and then the lambs were slaughtered on d 60. Performance was not affected (p>0.05) by dietary Cu treatment. Cu-supplemented and control lambs had similar hot carcass weight, dressing percentage and longissimus muscle area, but Cu supplementation, regardless of source and level, reduced (p<0.01) 12th rib backfat and kidney fat in lambs. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) and serum triglyceride concentrations were increased (p<0.05), total cholesterol concentrations were decreased (p<0.05) and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations tended to be increased (p<0.07) by Cu supplementation. However, Serum concentrations of HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were not affected (p>0.05) by dietary treatment. Fatty acid profile of longissimus muscle was similar across treatments. These results indicate that Cu-lysine and TBCC are of similar availability in lambs. Cu supplementation given to DorperMongolia wether lambs altered lipid metabolism. The reduction in backfat depth may be due to copper altering TNF- metabolism in lambs. Supplementation of 10 or 20 mg Cu/kg DM showed similar effects on lipid metabolism in lambs.

Rat에 있어서 실험적 납중독이 체조직내 납 및 무기질함량에 미치는 영향 (The effects of lead poisoning on the accumulation of lead, zinc, copper, iron and calcium in tissues of rats)

  • 권오덕;이주묵;이승옥;박진호;이현범;장종식;채준석
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.709-718
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    • 1996
  • This experiment was carried out to clarify the effect of lead poisoning on the lead and essential trace elements homeostasis of tissues in rats. Fifty female Wistar rats, 7 weeks old, were divided into four experimental groups(B, C, D, and E) and a control(A). The four experimental groups received diets contaminated artificially with 10 (B group), 100 (C group), 1,000 (D group) and 5,000 (E group) ${\mu}g/g$ of lead as lead acetate, respectively. The control group received normal diet. Rats were necropsied on the 4th or 8th week of experimental periods and heart, liver, spleen, kidney, muscle, lung and hair were taken. The tissues were analysed for lead, copper, zinc, iron and calcium content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. From these experiments following results ware obtained ; In C group, lead content of the heart, liver, kidney and hair were significantly increased both on the 4th and 8th week of experiment. In D and E group, lead content of all tissues including heart, liver, spleen, kidney, muscle, hair and lung were significantly increased in accordance with the lead contamination both on the 4th and 8th week of experiment. In C group, copper content of tissues were significantly increased in the heart, liver, kidney and lung on the 4th week and all tissues on the 8th week of experimental periods. In D and E group, copper content of the liver were significantly increased both on the 4th and 8th week of experiment. But the copper content of tissues were gradually decreased compared with C group in accordance with the lead contamination. Especially the content in spleen, heart or kidney were significantly decreased compared with the control group. The zinc content of kidney, heart, or spleen were decreased in D and E groups whereas the iron and calcium content showed no significant change.

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Effect of Copper Source (Cupric Citrate vs Cupric Sulfate) and Level on Growth Performance and Copper Metabolism in Pigs

  • Armstrong, T.A.;Spears, J.W.;van Heugten, E.;Engle, T.E.;Wright, C.L.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제13권8호
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    • pp.1154-1161
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    • 2000
  • Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of cupric citrate (Cu-citrate) relative to cupric sulfate $(CuSO_4)$ as a Cu source for weanling and grow-finish pigs. In addition, the use of liver and bile Cu concentrations as indices of the bioavailability of Cu sources was investigated. Experiment one consisted of a nursery phase (35 d; initial BW=6.4 kg, final BW=21.4 kg) followed by a grow-finish phase (103 d; initial BW=21.5 kg, final BW=111.7 kg). Experiment two only consisted of a nursery phase (35 d; initial BW=6.3 kg, final BW=18.6 kg). Dietary treatments were identical for both experiments and consisted of: control (10 ppm $CuSO_4$); control+66 or 225 ppm $CuSO_4$; control+33, 66, or 100 ppm Cu-citrate. An antibiotic was included in diets for Exp. 1 but not Exp. 2. In both experiments, growth performance variables were similar for pigs receiving Cu-citrate and $CuSO_4$; however, growth performance was not improved by high concentrations of $CuSO_4$. Liver and bile Cu were increased (p<0.05) by 225 ppm $CuSO_4$; however, lower dietary concentrations of Cu from either $CuSO_4$ or Cu-citrate did not affect the Cu concentration of liver or bile relative to that observed in the control pigs. Irrespective of Cu source, there was no linear (p>0.10) increase in plasma Cu with increasing Cu concentrations in the diet for both experiments. However, the plasma Cu concentrations were highest (p<0.10) in pigs receiving diets supplemented with 225 ppm $CuSO_4$. Sixteen randomly chosen pigs per treatment in Exp. 1 were continued through the grow-finish phase. Body weight gain and feed intake were improved (p<0.10) by 66 ppm $CuSO_4$, but other dietary Cu treatments did not alter pig performance compared to the control diet. Plasma Cu concentrations were increased (p<0.10) by 225 ppm $CuSO_4$ in the growing phase and by 225 ppm $CuSO_4$ and 100 ppm Cu-citrate in the finishing phase. These data reveal no consistent effect of $CuSO_4$ on performance; therefore, it is difficult to assess the efficacy of these two Cu sources. In addition, these studies demonstrate that liver and bile Cu are not good indicators of Cu bioavailability in pigs fed adequate to pharmacological concentrations of Cu.

Effects of zinc bearing palygorskite supplementation on the growth performance, hepatic mineral content, and antioxidant status of broilers at early age

  • Yang, Weili;Chen, Yueping;Cheng, Yefei;Wen, Chao;Zhou, Yanmin
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제30권7호
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    • pp.1006-1012
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    • 2017
  • Objective: This study was conducted to investigate effects of zinc (Zn) bearing palygorskite (ZnPal) supplementation on growth performance, hepatic mineral content, and antioxidant status of broilers at early age. Methods: A total of 240 1-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were allocated into 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 8 chicks each. Birds in 5 treatments were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0 (Control group; Analyzed Zn content: 81 mg/kg), 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal for 21 days, respectively. Blood, liver and intestinal mucosa were collected at 21 days of age. Results: Treatments did not affect growth performance of broilers during the 21-day study (p>0.05). The contents of hepatic Zn and magnesium (Mg) were linearly increased (p<0.001) by ZnPal supplementation. ZnPal inclusion linearly (p = 0.007) reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in serum. The activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) in liver increased linearly (p = 0.001) with concentration of ZnPal in diet. ZnPal inclusion linearly (p = 0.036) and quadratically (p = 0.005) increased T-SOD activity, and linearly (p = 0.012) increased copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) activity in jejunal mucosa. The maximum responses of hepatic and jejunal antioxidant enzymes activities (T-SOD and Cu/Zn SOD) were found when supplementing the basal diet with 60 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal. Furthermore, ZnPal supplementation quadratically (p = 0.001) increased Cu/Zn SOD activity in ileal mucosa, and its maximum activity was observed in the diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal. Conclusion: ZnPal supplementation did not alter growth performance of broilers. Dietary ZnPal inclusion could increase concentrations of hepatic trace minerals (Zn and Mg) and inhibit lipid peroxidation by reducing serum MDA accumulation, with the optimal dosage of Zn from ZnPal being 80 mg/kg diet (analyzed Zn content in the diet: 165 mg/kg), and 60 mg/kg Zn as ZnPal (analyzed Zn content in the diet: 148 mg/kg) was the optimum dosage for broilers to achieve maximum antioxidant enzyme activities.