• 한국가스학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.34-40
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• 2006

본 논문은 지역집단 냉방에너지 공급시스템과 환경보호정책에 관한 융합기술을 에너지절약과 미이용 에너지인 냉열자원의 활용성을 함께 다루고 있다. 지역집단 냉 난방 시스템은 에너지를 절약하고, 비용을 절감하며, 안전성을 확보할 수 있는 효과적인 기술이다. 에너지가 생활수준의 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 주기 위해서는 에너지 절약과 환경보호정책을 균형감 있게 고려해야 한다. 냉열에너지는 LNG를 기화하는 과정에서 생산할 수 있지만, 바다의 심층수와 빙축열에서도 얻을 수 있다. 지역집단 냉방에너지는 아파트, 사무실, 공장설비 등에 냉열공급 파이프라인을 통하여 공급하게 된다. LNG 냉열에너지는 전기에너지와 냉매를 사용하여 작동하는 기존의 에어컨 시스템을 대체할 수 있는 경쟁력 높은 에너지이다. 청정에너지이고 운전비용을 줄이는 것으로 알려진 LNG 냉열은 $CO_2$와 같은 대기오염원과 자연환경에 유해한 냉매방출을 방지할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 LNG 냉열에너지의 사용과 에너지 절약, 그리고 환경보존에 중요한 영향을 미치는 융합기술에 대한 유익한 정보를 제공한다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.505-530
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• 2006

열병합발전은 에너지사용의 효율적인 기술로서 고유가의 지속 및 이산화탄소 배출저감에 대한 국제적인 압력의 강화, 분산열원 또는 분산전원의 개발 필요성의 증대 등으로 인하여 정부와 사업자들로부터 관심이 높다. 따라서 지역냉난방사업을 추진할 경우, CHP가 경제적인 관점에서 도입될 수 있는지, 도입된다면 적정 규모는 어느 정도인지가 연구대상이 된다. 본 연구는 실제 지역냉난방사업에 활용할 수 있는 설비선택에 관한 수리계획 모형을 설정하고 이를 실증적으로 분석하였다. 분석모형은 열원의 종류와 규모, 이들의 가동수준 그리고 투입연료의 양 등을 주요 결정변수로 하고 있다. 모형은 모든 종류의 설비(열병합발전기, 열전용보일러, 냉열생산 설비, 축열조 등)를 모형에 포함시켜 선택 가능하도록 구성하였다. 모형의 주요 특징은 변동 열전비 열병합발전의 운전모드도 하나의 기술로 간주하여 모형에서 이를 선택하게 할 수 있으며, 특정지역에 대한 CHP와 열전용 보일러의 용량에 대한 적정 구성비도 도출할 수 있다. 본 연구는 기업측면에서는 설비최적화 모델로 활용할 수 있으며, 규제자의 측면에서는 설비규모 인허가에 참고자료로 활용 가능할 것이다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.776-781
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• 2007

Optimized capacity of equipments are essential for energy saving and low cost construction and operation. So we must use proper design data for HVAC system design. We investigated for architectural data, equipment capacity, cooling and heating load design criteria of 52 office buildings. Following research results were obtained by carrying out each task. Office building effective area rate is 63%. The average building cooling load of South Korea is $140W/m^2$ and average heating loads in Seoul and Pusan area are $120{\sim}130W/m^2$ and $70{\sim}80W/m^2$. We also analysised HVAC design criteria. Person ratio in effective building area is $0.2person/m^2$, sensitive and latent heat loads of a person are 60W and 65W, light and equipment loads of office buildings are $25W/m^2$ and $20W/m^2$.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.646-655
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• 2012

This study is intended to analyze the thermal performance and evaluate the applicability about non-duct type heat recovery ventilation system integrated with window. Eventually, economic analysis of the system is conducted according to building energy saving ratio of it. As results of the thermal performance, the U-factor of the window conducted on the basis of KS F 2278 appears to $1.8W/m^2K$, and the effective heat exchange efficiency of the ventilator conducted on the basis of KS B 6879 appears 49.95% for cooling, 66.89% for heating. In the applicability evaluated by TRNSYS 16, the caes of applying the heat recovery ventilator integrated with window is found to reduce the cooling or heating load by 2.9% or 13.5% than the non-ventilator case. The results of economic analysis taking a side of consumer is verified as the payback is 3 years, and the accumulated earning is 1,408,133 won in terms of '600,000 won/unit' for initial cost, 10 years for useful life of the system.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

In Korea, attention is being paid to the use of renewable energy in the livestock industry, and Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP), which is advantageous for temperature control, is considered as one of the ways to reduce the use of fossil fuels. But GSHP is expensive to install, which proper capacity calculation is required. GSHP capacity is related to its maximum energy load. Energy loads are affected by climate characteristics and time, so dynamic analysis is required. In this study, the optimal capacity of GSHP was calculated by calculating the heating and cooling load of pig farms using BES (Building Energy Simulation) and economic analysis was performed. After designing the inside of the pig house using TRNSYS, one of the commercial programs of the BES technique, the energy load was calculated based on meteorological data. Through the calculated energy load, three heating devices and GSHP used in pig farms were analyzed for economic feasibility. As a result, GSHP's total cost of ownership was the cheapest, but the installation cost was the highest. In order to reduce the initial cost of GSHP, the capacity of GSHP was divided, and a scenario was created in which some of it was used as an auxiliary heating device, and economic analysis was conducted. In this study, a method to calculate the proper capacity of GSHP through dynamic energy analysis was proposed, and it can be used as data necessary to expand the spread of GSHP.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.460-476
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• 2012

High-speed crafts suffer from losing a huge amount of their machinery energy in the form of heat loss with the exhaust gases. This will surely increase the annual operating cost of this type of ships and an adverse effect on the environment. This paper introduces a suggestion that may contribute to overcoming such problems. It presents the possibility of reusing the energy lost by the ships' exhaust gases as heating source for an absorption air condition unit onboard high-speed crafts. As a numerical example; the proposed method was investigated at a high-speed craft operating in Red Sea between Egypt and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The results obtained are very satisfactory. It showed the possibility of providing the required ship's air condition cooling load during sailing and in port. Economically, this will reduce the annual ship's operating cost. Moreover, it will achieve a valuable reduction of ship's emissions.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.260-269
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• 2020

The Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) process is an enhanced method to extract oil from bitumen which involves surface and central process facilities. This paper describes the Central Process Facilities (CPF) of SAGD and proposes several retrofit plans to the Heat Exchanger Network (HEN). In this approach, the process integration scheme is applied to estimate the energy saving in HENs, and various cases are modeled in favor of a commercial simulator. Throughout this work, a minimum approach temperature of 10℃ is assumed. The results reveal that, due to the HEN optimization using process integration, the heating and cooling duties can be reduced to 29.68MW and 1.886MW, respectively. Compared with the Husky case, all cases considered in this study indicate a potential reduction of at least 6% in total cost, including investment and operation costs.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.895-902
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• 2018

건물에 의한 에너지 소비량은 미국 및 일본 등 선진국에서는 전체 국가 에너지 소비량의 40%에 육박하고 있으며, 우리나라에서도 전체 에너지 소비량의 24%를 차지하고 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 빌딩에서 HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air conditioning)은 필요 열량에 따라 냉각 유량을 자유롭게 제어할 수 없기 때문에 에너지가 효율적으로 사용되지 않고 있다. 따라서 에너지 절감 밸브를 사용함으로써 유량을 필요한 열량만큼 제어하여 에너지를 절감할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 에너지 절감 밸브를 개발하기 위한 기본적인 상태를 정의하고 저전력, 고 가성비의 PIC 프로세서 기반의 빌딩 에너지 절감 밸브용 제어 및 감시 보드를 개발한다. 설계된 보드는 온도차 측정을 위한 2개의 온도 값과 유량 값 및 계산된 열량에 관한 정보를 실시간으로 디스플레이 및 전송한다. 개발된 제어 감시 보드는 향후 밸브의 상태를 실시간으로 파악하거나 해상용 밸브 등을 개발하는 데 유용하게 사용될 것이다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2013년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.139-140
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• 2013

Ground source heat pump systems can achieve the energy saving of building and reduce CO₂ emission by utilizing stable ground temperature. However, they have many barriers such as high cost of installation, incompletion of design tool, lack of recognition as heating and cooling systems. In order to solve the problems, the building integrated geothermal system (BIGS) developed by several researches which use building foundation as a heat exchanger. In order to establish the optimum design tool of BIGS with the horizontal heat exchanger, the prediction method of ground heat exchange rate developed with numerical simulation model. In this study, the economic analysis for BIGS was conducted based on simulation results and the optimal design method was suggested. As a result, it was found that the case of 32 A, piping space 0.3 m, piping deep 0.5 m and flow rate 9.52 L/min was the best case as 50.1 W/m2 of heat exchange rate. In this case the initial cost was reduced to 115 million won.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Korea government published renewable energy obligation policy that public building must be supplied some part of total consumption energy (2019: 27%, 2020: 30%). RETScreen is freely available global energy tool that developed by Canadian National Energy Laboratory to quantify energy saving to compare conventional system. This program can be performed energy modeling, cost analysis, greenhouse gas emission analysis and financial analysis. In this study, GSHP (Ground source heat pump) heating and cooling system were studied for the energy deliverly and ROI (Return On Investment) in an office building. Three cases were studied according to the number of HP (Heat pump) units for the 1,000㎡ office building located in Daejeon. Results indicated that the energy delivery of the case 1 (1 HP unit) covered 57% of the office building heating and cooling energy consumption. The case 2 (2 HP units) covered 87.8% and the case 3 (3 HP units) covered 96.8% of the office building energy consumption. The ROI of the case 1 indicated 7.9 years. While 8.2 years for the case 2 and 9.7 years for the case 3.