• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 1990

A special form of questionaire was prepared and distributed to 502 housewives in seoul from Feb. 8th to 22nd in 1989. The results were as follows: In Cooking methods, they tended to follow in the steps of their mother, and it took about half an hour or an hour to prepare a meal. They cooked fried foods once or twice a month. Whenever they fried foods they need new oil. Followings were details of cooking method mainly used by housewives. Fishes were tended to be roast, vegetables to be dressing and seasoning. Highly milled boiled rice was best preferred as the cheif food, and it was cooked by following procedure; First rice was washed, and steeped in water for the time being. Next, the water was poured out and water was filled again, then rice with the water was boiled. Fish Chige was cooked in the way that fish was put into the boiled soup. Fermented sao-bean paste Chige was cooked using water in which rice had been washed. Hard-boiled beef with soy sauce was made using the method that soy sauce was properly poured after beef was boiled. A Spinach was boiled shightly with salty water. In view of those results, there were many cases that housewives did not only utilize their knowledge about foods in real dietary life, but also fell short of endeaver to do so. They chiefly made use of the cooking methods instructed from their mother or husband's mother. In conclusion, in order to illuminate housewives to have an exact nutritional knowledge about foods and cooking methods getting out of the loss of nutritions, nutritional education program must be provided for housewives.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.463-469
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• 2008

To make of basic date for the progressive global brand of Korean rice, we compared with characteristics of Calrose and two Korean rice cultivar, Chucheongbyeo(medium-late maturing cultivar) and Odaebyeo(early-maturing cultivar). General characteristics of rice, pasting property of rice flour by Rapid visco Analyser, determination of optimal ratio of water to rice for cooking by electric and pressure cooker and eating quality(sensory evaluation) of Calrose with that of Korean rice cooked at the optimal cooking conditions were measured. One kernel length of Calrose, Chucheongbyeo and Odaebyeo were 6.00, 4.73 and 5.22 mm, respectively. Calrose showed higher viscosity(195 RVU) in all parameters than Korean rices(Chucheongbyeo 176 RVU, Odaebyeo 178 RVU), of which the values were similar. These data imply that the properties of starch of Calrose may be different from that of Korean rice. In general, it is agreed, in Korea and Japan, that the balance of hardness and stickiness of cooked rice is very important. However, stickiness and overall eating quality for cooked Calrose was significantly poorer than Korean rices. Cooked Calrose did not significantly different in hardness, stickiness and overall eating quality compared with those of Korean rices. Calrose cooked with the ratio of water to rice of 1.4 with electric cooker was less sticky than Korean rices and thus was poorer in eating quality compared with Korean counterparts. Calrose cooked with the ratio of water to rice of 1.3 with pressure cooker had the same eating quality with Korean rices.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.502-508
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• 1998

우리나라 쌀로서 계통이 다른 일반계와 통일계 쌀의 취반 및 가공 적성을 이해하기 위하여 취반 중 백미의 수분 흡수 특성과 열수 가용화 특성을 조사하였다. $100^{\circ}C$에서 취반 중 백미의 수분 흡수 속도는 일반계가 $0.43{\sim}0.47m^{-1/2}$이고 통일계가 $0.49{\sim}0.53m^{-1/2}$로서 일반계가 통일계보다 더 느린 속도로 일어났다. 쌀의 취반에 따른 열수 가용화 특성은 가용성 물질 뿐만 아니라 가용성 아밀로오스 모두 통일계 쌀이 일반계 쌀보다 더 빠른 속도로 가용화가 일어났다. 가용성 물질에 대한 가용성 아밀로오스의 비율은 취반 30분 후에 일반계 쌀이 $51{\sim}55%$, 통일계 쌀이 $44{\sim}48%$로서 일반계 쌀이 다소 높았으며, 30분 이전까지는 그 비율이 점차 감소하였으나 30분 이후에는 증가하는 현상을 보였다. 이러한 결과에서 취반 중 백미의 수분 흡수 및 열수 가용화 특성은 취반 및 가공 적성에 영향을 미칠 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1996

A recycling soap was prepared from non-cooking oils. The effects of physlcal and chemical properties of the recycling soap on biodegradation are expected to be different due to the thermal histories of the non-cooking oils. Therefore, the biodegradation rate of the recycling soap was studied by using Klebssella Pneumoniae(K. pneumoniae), and the growth rate of K. pnewoniae in soap solution was observed. The biodegradation rate of the recycling soap appeared to be slower as the thermal histories of the non-cooking oils became larger. This might be resulted from hydrolysis, in which the ester bonds in the oils are broken to produce hydroxyl group. It was also observed that the growth rate of the microorganism decreased with the increase in the thermal histories of the oils. As a result, it is desired that recycling soap should be produced from the non-cooking oils with the prober ranges of thermal histories to reduce water contamination. The non-cooking oils with larger thermal histories are considered to be recycling through the cracking process before used. Key Words : non-cooking oils, recycling soap, thermal history, biodegradation, microorganism growth.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2014

셀룰로오스 에테르의 분자량, 첨가량, 치환도 및 치환체 종류, 물 양이 쌀면의 조리특성에 주는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 자외선 가시광선 분광분석기를 이용하여 조리 후 쌀면 국물 탁도 를 측정하고 유변물성 측정기를 이용하여 쌀면의 압축강도를 측정하였다. HPMC의 분자량 및 물 양이 증가할수록 국물의 탁도가 감소하여 조리 시 쌀면의 형태안정성이 향상되었고, 셀룰로오스 에테르 첨가량, 치환체 종류, 치환도에 따라 탁도 값이 변화하여, 이들 인자 모두가 쌀면의 형태안정성에 영향을 준다는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 이들 인자를 효과적으로 조절할 경우, 밀면을 조리한 국물의 탁도보다 낮은 탁도값이 얻어져 셀룰로오스 에테르의 첨가에 따라 조리 시 쌀면의 형태안정성이 크게 향상됨을 확인하였다. 유변물성 측정기를 이용한 쌀면의 압축특성 측정은 조리시간에 따른 쌀면의 호화정도 및 변화하는 조직감을 살펴보는 데 효과적이였으며, 물 양 및 셀룰로오스 에테르의 분자량이 다른 인자들에 비하여 조리시간 별 쌀면의 호화특성 및 조직감에 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.404-414
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to compare the amount of heating, domestic hot water, and cooking fuel consumption with that of heating fuel consumption by the existing calculation method and to provide rational heating system design and energy conservation through presenting the simplified equation which can anticipate the amount of heating, domestic hot water, and cooking and the load mechanical equipments. The affecting factors to the amount of energy consumption are the case of Heating, Domestic Hot Water and Cooking in addition to the energy conservation intention.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2017

This study evaluated the quality characteristics of semi-dried noodles prepared with different water contents (wet noodles; 32, 24, 22, 20%, dry noodles; 12%). The drying process was carried out in a drying chamber at $13{\sim}18^{\circ}C$ temperature and 75~95% humidity. The proximate composition of Korean wheat flour was as follows: water $22.1{\pm}3.64%$, protein $8.6{\pm}0.13%$, fat $1.3{\pm}0.10%$, ash $0.7{\pm}0.02%$, carbohydrates $67.3{\pm}0.10%$. As water contents decreased, both L and b values significantly decreased before cooking of noodles, whereas L, a, and b values were not significantly different after cooking of noodles. Weight, water absorption, and volume of cooked noodles significantly increased as water content decreased, whereas turbidity of soup was not significantly different. Cutting hardness before cooking of noodles significantly increased as water content decreased. Sections of noodles after cooking by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) showed roughness and fewer round starch particles as water content decreased. For overall preferences according to the sensory evaluation, noodles prepared with different water contents were not significantly different. According to the results, semidried noodles have development potential to complement the disadvantages of both wet noodles and dry noodles.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 1993

This study was attempted to enhance taste and quality value of cooked rice by adding fat, vinegar, cellulose in cooking water. Cooked rice with five different levels of material in cooking water (100% water A: 10% vinegar B: 10% fat C: 10% fat and 10% vinegar D: 10% fat, 10% vinegar and 10% celloulose) was tested for rheology, fine structural changes, sensory evaluation, in vitro digestion. 1) Cooked rice by adding 10% fat rate was higher than A, B, D, E samples for softness, Jelly and increased in vitro digestion. 2) sensory evaluation conducted by tweenty university students a panelists showed that B, D sample were low value in flavour, texture and taste, but higher than A sample for softness, Jelly and in Vitro digestion. 3) E sample (l0% fat, 10%s vinegar, 10% cellulose) was more significant for taste, texture, and digestion than A sample. From these results, it was concluded that rice cooked with 10% of fat in cooking water was quite acceptable, in terms of practical food value consisting of palatability rheology and digestibility.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.195-200
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• 1990

Effects of cooking time(5-30 min in a pressure cooker) and HTST air dehydratiion time(0-9min at 15$0^{\circ}C$) on physical properties of dried green peas(3% oisture content wet basis) were investigated by determining rehydration ratio rehydration curve browning reaction and puncture force, The rehydration ratio and curve of dried green peas were increased with increa-sing cooking time and HTST air dehydration time. Preheating of the green peas for 30 min in a pressure cooker or for 9 min of HTST air dehydration time prior to 6$0^{\circ}C$ air dehydration recovered a 87.3% of original moisture content of raw green peas in a boiling water for 5 min. The brownin greaction was gradually decreased up to 15 min of cooking time. Puncture pressure of rehydrated green peas treated in a boiling water for 5 min was decreased as the cooking time and HTST air dehydration time were increased and was highly correlated with rehydration (r=-0.956) The effects of cooking time and HTST air dehydration time on rehydration ratio browning reaction and puncture pressure were significantly different at the a=0.01 level except effect of HTST air dehydration time on browning reaction.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.90-96
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• 2000

대량취반공정의 표준화를 위하여 최적침지 및 취반 조건에 대하여 연구하였다. 침지공정에서 쌀의 수화속도를 수화시간, 수온 및 초기수분함량의 함수로 예측 할 수 있는 수화모델을 제안하였으며, 수화모델 예측 값과 실험값은 잘 일치하였다. 최적수화시간은 침지수온 $20^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 60분 그 이상의 온도에서는 30분이였으며, 침지 종료 후 침지미의 수분함량은 품종에 따라 $25{\sim}35%$ 범위였으며, 침지 후 쌀의 무게 증가율은 $1.20{\sim}1.27$배였다. 연속취반공정에서 취반솥 1개당 취반용량을 생쌀 6㎏을 기준했을 때 4종의 일반미에 대한 최적가수율은 $1.41{\sim}1.46$였으며 이 조건에서 취반했을 때 밥의 최적수분함량은 $60{\sim}62%$였다. 대량취반시 솥 1개당 취반용량을 생쌀기준 $4.5{\sim}6.5kg$ 범위에서 0.5kg씩 증가 시켰을 때 최적가수율은 $1.54{\sim}1.37$로 감소하였으며 취반과정 중 수분의 증발율도 $25.6{\sim}19.7%$로 감소하였다. 그러나 초기 가수율에서 취반과정 중 증발량을 뺀 실질 가수비는 취반용량에 관계없이 약 1.13배로 일정하였으며, 밥의 수분함량도 61% 내외로 일정하였다.