• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.3-7
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• 1991

The Problem of vibration Inflence to housing Construction fields has arised at the begining of 1970, at That time I used Lion(VM -l2B) which recorded only dB Demension. On the 1980's I have been used lnstantel made blastemate(DS-477), modern Instrument for measuring speed, Acc, frequency and placement. but The most of Jobsite used Lion I Carried out the empirical equation of conversion dB to cm /sec as follows. Single free face : dB = 140PPV + 30 double free face : dB = 143PPV + 20 Above equation Could apply on Rock type 3(soft rock)

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.67-77
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• 2000

Investigated was the effect of propene(C3H6) on the NO-NO2 conversion in dry exhaust gases from lean burn engine using a pulsed corona discharge. A kinetic model was developed to characterize the plasma chemistry in simulated exhausts containing propene. The model uses ELENDIF program to solve Boltzmann equation for electron energy distribution function, and CHEMKIN-II program to solve stiff ODE(ordinary differential equation) problems for species concentrations. The corona discharge energy per pulse and the time-space averaged E/N were obtained by fitting the model to experimental data. The model calculation shows good agreement for NO and NO2 concentrations with the experimental data, and predicts the formation of byproducts such as CH2O, CH3HCO, CO AND CH3NO2 Propene enhances the NOx conversion enormously at lower energy density and the NOx conversion increases with the increase of initial propene and oxygen concentration, and temperature.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.88-97
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• 2002

The effect of aminosiloxane modifier on the chemorheological properties of ortho-cresol novolac epoxy/phenol novelac/triphnylphosphine resin system was investigated aat different isothermal curing temperatures. By adding the aminosiloxane to the resin system, not only conversion rate and conversion were increased but also glass transition temperature was promoted. Critical conversion and gelation time obtained at the crossover point between storage and loss moduli were reduced and thus the viscosity was increased by the aminosiloxane. $C_1$ and $C_2$ in the WLF equation calculated from the glass transition temperature as a function of conversion and measured viscosity were found to vary with the curing temperature. By applying the change of glass transition temperature with conversion, $C_1$ and $C_2$ to WLF equation, it was possible to predict accurately the viscosity change with isothermal curing reaction.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.886-892
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• 2008

In this paper, a closed-loop observer to extract the center of mass (CoM) of a bipedal robot is suggested. Comparing with the simple conversion method of just using joint angle measurements, it enables to get more reliable estimates by fusing both joint angle measurements and F/T sensor outputs at ankle joints. First, a nonlinear-type observer is constructed to estimate the flexible rotational motion of the biped in the extended Kalman filter framework. It adopts the flexible inverted pendulum model which is appropriate to address the flexible motion of bipeds, specifically in the single support phase. The predicted estimates of CoM in terms of the flexible motion observer are combined with measurements (that is, output of the CoM conversion equation with joint angles). Then, we have final CoM estimates depending on the weighting values which penalize the flexible motion model and the CoM conversion equation. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.277-285
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to quantify the relationship between the sense of touch and mechanical properties of man-made leather. The first was to develop the five conversion equations which convert mechanical properties of man-made leather into five factor scores, which express five factors of the sense of touch(surface property, stretchiness, thickness & weight, thermal property(warmth & coolness), and moisture property(sticky & clingy)). The second was to develop the conversion equation which converts five factor scores into score of the sense of touch. Five factor scores were predicted by the following mechanical properties; surface property factor by log2HB and (log2HB)2, stretchiness factor by logEM, thickness & weight factor by logT, log2HB, logW, thermal property factor by logT, logHB, logSMd, and moisture property factor by logMMD, RC, RC2, (logEM)2, RT2. Subsequently, these five factor scores were converted into score of the sense of touch. The predictive abilities of the developed equations were satisfied.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2000

Purpose : The effects of step numbers of copper wedge and exposure on the coefficient of determination (r²) of the conversion equation to Cu-equivalent image and on the Cu-equivalent value (mmCu) and it's coefficient of variation measured at each copper step and the mandibular premolar area were evaluated. Method: Digital image analyzing system consisted of scanner, personal computer, and a stepwedge with 10 steps of 0.03 mm copper in thickness as reference material was prepared for quantitative assessment of the bone mineral density. NIH image program was used for analyzing images. Results : The film having moderately high film density showed the discrepancy between the real thickness and the measured Cu-equivalent value of each copper step. The Cu-equivalent image was dependent on the determinational coefficient of the conversion equation than the coefficient of variance of the measured value. Conclusion : Obtaining conversion equation with high coefficient of determination and proper film exposure are supposed to be neccessary for quantitative assessment of bone density. Multiple steps in the range of the corresponding copper thickness to the bone density of the area to be measured should be prepared.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 2012

An equivalent lens is a lens which has the same total power of refraction and the same paraxial imaging characteristics for the marginal rays as another lens, but has a different axial thickness. In this study, an analytic lens conversion from a thick lens to its equivalent lens is investigated, then it is shown that the equivalent lens is a solution of a quadratic equation. Every thick lens corresponds to one of two real roots of this quadratic equation. Therefore, except in the case of a unique solution, the equation has a conjugate solution, the other of the two roots. The conjugate solution has the same axial thickness, power, and paraxial imaging characteristics, but it has different shape and aberration characteristics. The characteristics of an equivalent lens and its conjugate solution are examined by using a sample lens.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.769-774
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• 2011

This study aimed at finding the factors impacting customer satisfaction (CS) for conversion farm with $2^{nd}$ and $3^{rd}$ industry, because the most important thing in the conversion farm is enhancing customer satisfaction. The data on CS from 173 pumpkin farm's customers by on-line survey were gathered. The analysis using structural equation model with Amos was carried out. Product, service and purchasing were determined as 3 factors impacting to CS. The result showed that purchasing is the biggiest contributor to CS. It means the customers using on-ine market are very sensitive to farm's brand and logistics. It is also found that conversion with processing and farm experience activity is definitely affecting to building customer's trust. In conclusion, making efforts on enhancing CS in conversion farm is the key to success.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.84 no.3
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• pp.182-187
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• 2021

Background: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a non-invasive marker for eosinophilic airway inflammation and a good predictor of response to corticosteroids. There is a need for a reliable and accurate measurement method, as FeNO measurements have been widely used in clinical practice. Our study aimed to compare two FeNO analyzers and derive a conversion equation for FeNO measurements in adults. Methods: We included 99 participants who had chief complaints of chronic cough and difficulty in breathing. The participants underwent concurrent FeNO measurement using NIOX VERO (Circassia AB) and NObreath (Bedfont). We compared the values of the two devices and analyzed their correlation and agreement. We then formulated an equation to convert FeNO values measured by NObreath into those obtained by NIOX VERO. Results: The mean age of the participants was 51.2±17.1 years, with a female predominance (58.6%). Approximately 60% of the participants had asthma. The FeNO level measured by NIOX VERO (median, 27; interquartile range [IQR], 15-45) was significantly lower than that measured by NObreath (median, 38; IQR, 22-58; p<0.001). There was a strong positive correlation between the two devices (r=0.779, p<0.001). Additionally, Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficient demonstrated a good agreement. Using linear regression, we derived the following conversion equation: natural log (Ln) (NObreath)=0.728×Ln (NIOX VERO)+1.244. Conclusion: The FeNO values of NIOX VERO and NObreath were in good agreement and had positive correlations. Our proposed conversion equation could help assess the accuracy of the two analyzers.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2001

conversion equations to calculate seismic moment(M_0) from body-wave magnitude(m_b), surface-wave magnitude(M_s), or both were derived by using 50 earthquakes occurred within 32～44°N and 123～133°E whose M_0 were determined together with m_b or M_s. We divided those earthquakes into the deeper and the shallower ones based on the reference focal depth of 70 km. The unit of M_0 is dyne-cm. In case of M_s, the deeper earthquakes exhibit the higher seismic moment than the shallower ones. Standard deviations associated with conversion equations for deeper and shallower earthquakes are 0.25 and 0.16, respectively, in moment magnitude. , for deeper earthquakes , for shallower earthquakes. In case of m_b, the dependence of conversion equation on focal depth is not clearly observed. Associated standard deviation is 0.28 in moment magnitude. In case that both m_b and M_s were determined, a new magnitude, , were defined for shallower earthquakes to derive a more stable conversion equation. Associated standard deviation is 0.14 in moment magnitude. Conversion equations above can be used to unify the earthquake size into a single magnitude type, i.e., moment magnitude, in and around the Korea Peninsula.