• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.165-175
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• 2012

The government, Ministry of Education, Science and Technology(MEST) presented a new policy that standardizes digital textbooks as a method to accept the change of education paradigm in 2006. Since 2007, MEST has begun to provide digital textbooks for some elementary schools. MEST proposes to change digital textbooks as a standard in elementary, middle, and high schools in the future. However, the use of digital textbooks has led to concern about the health of students. The purpose of this study was to identify health-adverse effects of the use of digital textbooks on the health of students. Literature reviews regarding digital textbooks including national and international literature were conducted. The literature reviews found the key physical and psychological factors to be considered in using digital textbooks. The physical factors were symptoms and signs associated with eye, musculoskeletal system, general health, and skin. The mental factors were 'burn out of study' and 'stress due to study'.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.135-156
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• 2020

Objectives : This paper aims to suggest an integrated explanation for the contrary reinforcing/reducing effects of Shaoyao. Methods : From a list of books on the history of herbology and Chinese Medicine as mentioned in the herbology textbook, main texts were selected for further examination, along with some books of the Four Masters of the Jin Yuan period and some general medical texts. These texts were thoroughly examined with keywords such as Shaoyao, Baishaoyao, Chishaoyao, Baishao, Chishao, out of which contents on reinforcing and reducing were selected and analyzed. Next, explanations of the mechanisms of the contrary effects that were found through categorization of the reinforcing and reducing effects were examined. Among the contrary effects, similarities were uncovered and further studied for deduction of an encompassing higher level mechanism. Results & Conclusions : Overall consideration of the contrary effects of Shaoyao revealed that its working mechanism is to collect qi in the yin-blood part through convergence to control qi among blood, to help smooth flow of blood, eliminate blood stagnation and reinforce blood production which in turn cools down heat.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.912-930
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• 2016

This paper suggests to bring the idea of social construction of nature or social nature discussed in social science including geography to geographical and environmental education for breaking traditional divide of people(or society) and nature. And this paper analyzed relationship between people and nature, meaning of environment and the concepts of social nature represented in the geography curriculum and textbook of England, Australia and Korea. Recently in terms of focusing disciplines or education on integration or convergence, introduction of social nature in teaching and learning geography and environment has an important implication. With rapid growth of capitalism, nature is constructed socially by the political, economical, social and cultural practice. Thus geography education reduces the distance between human geography and physical geography and needs to focus on exploring not just the relationship between people and nature but social construction of nature. Another implication of the introduction of social nature in teaching and learning geography and environment is that students can develop the relational sensitivity about the relationship people and nature or people and place.