• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.213-225
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• 2024

In this study, norbixin loaded elastic liposomes (NELs) containing norbixin were prepared by changing the ratio (0.25 to 1 mg/mL) of sucrose stearate (SS), a surfactant, to evaluate changes in physical properties, skin permeability, light stability, and antioxidant activity. The average diameter of the NELs ranged from 80.6 to 113.8 nm, with zeta potential from 22.2 to 33.9 mV, deformability from 7.3 to 16.1, and loading efficiency from 40.5 to 58.6%. In the 0.05% norbixin-loaded elastic liposome, the highest loading efficiency, zeta potential, and deformability were observed in 1 mg/mL of SS (NEL-5). Under blue LED (10 W/m²), NEL showed higher photostability and antioxidant activity compared to unencapsulated norbixin. Due to its high stability and encapsulation efficiency, NEL-5 formulation was subsequently used for transdermal permeation. Furthermore, the NEL-5 has been shown to retain more in the stratum corneum of the skin than general liposome and 1,3-butylene glycol solution. These results confirm that the use of SS as a surfactant can stabilize the physicochemical properties of NELs and efficiently deliver active ingredients to the stratum corneum.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.105-111
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• 2022

It was to test the stimulability of cosmetic which contains scalp extracted Leuconostoc mesenteroides when it's patched to skin and to investigate safety when it's used as skincare products. Scalp toner that contains L. mesenteroides extracts 1%, and PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 0.6% was made and also scalp lotion containing L. mesenteroides extract 3%, Glyceryl Stearate 0.7%. Through the stimulant test of each toner and lotion by patch-testing 32 and 33 participants' backs, safety was verified by the result. Considering the result of antioxidant, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory properties of L. mesenteroids reported in previous studies, cosmetics containing these are safe for skin at low concentrations and worth for furthur research as non-stimmulative when used at other cosmetics.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-5
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• 2019

The field experiment was conducted in vegetable area, Institute of Horticultural Sciences in University of Agriculture, Faisalabad in order to recognize morphological and fruit growth pattern and yield of Tinda (Praecitrullus fistulosus) gourd germplasm lines. Sixteen germplasm lines in which one line is used as check are included were sown and grown on flat beds in field. The field experiment was arranged as randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data on days to maturity, fruit per vine, fruit weight in grams, fruit diameter and total yield obtained were recorded. The fruit texture is marked as phenotype parameter. All parameters were collected and then analyzed statistically. All lines and replications showed different results among each other according to parameter. The maximum DTM (days to maturity), F/P (fruit per plant), FW (fruit weight), FD (fruit diameter) and Yield were recorded was $L_0$ (68.66), $L_3$ (1.66), $L_{10}$ (248.33), $L_{13}$ (8.50) and $L_0$ (599.33) and the minimum were recorded was $L_1$ (56), $L_{11}$ (0.33), $L_0$ (198), $L_9$ (7) and $L_4$ (421) grams respectively. All lines showed smooth texture of fruits with no hairs when mature at harvesting stage.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.68-70
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• 2009

In this letter, a parametric analysis of the Fresnel-field antenna measurement method is performed for a square aperture. As a result, the optimum number of Fresnel fields for one far-field point is guided as $M_{opt}=N_{opt}=D^2/{\lambda}R+5$, where D is the antenna diameter, ${\lambda}$ is the wavelength, and R is the distance between the source antenna and the antenna under test. For the aperture size 5 ${\leq}$ $L_x/{\lambda}$ ${\leq}$ 20, the tolerable distances for gain errors of 0.5 dB and 0.2 dB can be guided as $R_{0.5\;dB}$ ${\approx}$ $1.2Lx/{\lambda}$ and $R_{0.2\;dB}$ ${\approx}$ $2.0L_x/{\lambda}$, where $L_x$ is the lateral length of the square aperture. The tolerable distances for 20 ${\leq}$ $L_x/{\lambda}$ ${\leq}$ 200 are also proposed. This measurement guideline can be fully utilized when performing the Fresnel-field antenna measurement method.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

This study attempted to utilize various groundcover plants in phytoremediation, using shade plants, which often have a high shade tolerance for shade urban space. Liriope platyphylla was grown in soil containing three of heavy metals, Zn, Cd, and Pb under four different concentrations (0, 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) to determine the heavy metal accumulation characteristics and removing from soil. Total amounts of accumulated Zn in L. platyphylla were increased in accordance with increasing elevated Zn concentrations in soil, but the difference was not significant between Zn250 and Zn500. Cd accumulation, sharply increased in Cd100 and Cd250, but was reduced in Cd500. Increased Pb concentration in soil resulted a continuous increase in the total amounts of Pb accumulated in L. platyphylla. The total content of Zn in soil decreased by almost 50% in Zn100, almost 33% in Zn250 and 20% in Zn500 through growth of L. platyphylla over a period of 7 months. In the case of Cd, the concentration in soil, was decreased with 10% in Cd100, 10% in Cd250 and 33% in Cd500 through growth of L. platyphylla over a period of 7 months. This results indicate that more Cd was removed by planting L. platyphylla, compared to Zn or Pb.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.215-221
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• 2023

A rapid and environment-friendly electrochemical sensor to determine the chemical oxygen demand (COD) has been developed. The boron-doped diamond (BDD) thin-film electrode is employed as the anode, which fully oxidizes organic pollutants and provides a current response in proportion to the COD values of the sample solution. The BDD-based amperometric COD sensor is optimized in terms of the applied potential and the solution pH. At the optimized conditions, the COD sensor exhibits a linear range of 0 to 80 mg/L and the detection limit of 1.1 mg/L. Using a set of model organic compounds, the electrochemical COD sensor is compared with the conventional dichromate COD method. The result shows an excellent correlation between the two methods.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.317-326
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• 2021

This study was investigated to identify the factors influencing health related quality of life in older women with low muscle strength in Korea. The study design was a cross sectional study based on 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data and the data were analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 program. The level of Health related Quality of Life(HRQoL) in older women with low muscle strength was 0.84. There were significant differences on HRQoL according to age, education level, perceived health, aerobic exercise, perceived stress, arthritis, osteoporosis and depression. The risk factors of HRQoL in older women with low muscle strength were age, education level, perceived health, perceived stress, aerobic exercise and arthritis. Based on this results to improve HRQoL, physical activity intervention should be developed to improve muscle strength and to manage arthritis in older women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.130-142
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• 2021

This study examined the antioxidative and lipid accumulation inhibitory effects of 14 plants from Mongolia and Myanmar on 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) of 14 plant extracts were measured, and the antioxidative activities were analyzed using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC. After measuring the pancreatic lipase levels and performing the thiobarbituric acid assay, the degree of lipid accumulation was determined by lipid (Oil Red O) staining and triglyceride assay in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. M. paniculate (259.43 mgGAE/g) and C. benghalensis (130.78 mgNAE/g) had the highest TPC and TFC, respectively, among the 14 plants. R. acicularis Lindl. had the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH. The ABTS, FRAP, and ORAC results showed that the antioxidant activity of 11 species was higher than that of the positive control. The pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect of C. angustifolium Scop. was reduced to 23.65% at 0.1 mg/mL, and the level of lipid peroxidation of C. abrorescens Lam. was 0.63 nmol/mg. Five selected plants inhibited the lipid accumulation and triglyceride content, respectively, in 3T3-L1 and HepG2 cells. These results provide scientific evidence for developing functional foods using 14 plants from Mongolia and Myanmar, which have antioxidant activities and lipid accumulation reduction effects.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.45-52
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• 2020

We examined the dyeability and antimicrobial activity of silks dyed singly with Sophora japonica L., Curcuma longa L., combination-dyed with Polygonum tinctorium L. and Sophora japonica L., and with Polygonum tinctorium L. and Curcuma longa L.. The color of silk dyed singly with Sophora japonica L., Curcuma longa L. was Yellow with Hue of 5.0Y and 0.6Y, respectively. Two types of combination-dyed silk were Blue Green with 2.6BG and 1.5BG, respectively. In the case of dry Cleaning fastness and rub fastness, all four types of dyed silk was good, achieving grade 4~5. The antimicrobial activity of Staphylococcus aureus of silk dyed with Sophora japonica L. extract showed excellent antibacterial activity of 99.5% and the other three types of dyed silk of 99.9%. In addition, in antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, silk dyed with Sophora japonica L. extract showed 99.6%, and the other three types of dyed silk exhibited excellent antibacterial properties of 99.9%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.87-95
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• 2021

The Doam Lake Watershed is one of Gangwon-do's non-point source management areas. This area has a lot of snowfall in winter, and it is expected that there will be a lot of soil erosion in early spring due to snow melting. In this study, snow melting was monitored in the Doam Lake watershed from February to 3, 2020. It was conducted to analyze the water quality changes by calculating the concentration of non-point source pollution caused by snowmelt, and to compare the concentration of water quality during snowmelt event with rainfall and non-rainfall event. As a result of water quality analysis, Event Mean Concentration (EMC) at the first monitoring was SS 33.9 mg/L, TP 0.13 mg/L, TN 4.33 mg/L, BOD 1.35 mg/L, TOC 1.84 mg/L. At the second monitoring, EMC were SS 81.3 mg/L, TP 0.15 mg/L, TN 3.12 mg/L, BOD 1.32 mg/L, TOC 3.46 mg/L. In parameter except SS, it showed good water quality. It is necessary to establish management measures through continuous monitoring.