• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.809-818
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• 2024

This paper proposes an action plan for local governments to safely utilize artificial intelligence technology in various local government policies. The proposed method analyzes cases of application of artificial intelligence-related laws and policies in Gyeonggi Province, Seoul City, and New York City, and then presents matters that local governments should consider when utilizing AI technology in their policies. This paper applies the AILocalism-Korea analysis methodology, which is a modified version of the AILocalsm analysis methodology[1] presented by TheGovLab at New York University. AILocalism-Korea is an analysis methodology created to analyze the current activities of each local government in the fields of legal system, public procurement, mutual cooperation, and citizen participation, and to suggest practical alternatives in each area. In this paper, we use this analysis methodology to present 9 action plans that local governments should take based on safe and reliable use of artificial intelligence. By utilizing various AI technologies through the proposed plan in local government policies, it will be possible to realize reliable public services.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.467-472
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• 2024

This paper examines the history of karate, its utilization as military training, and its value as a national defense sport. Originating from Okinawa, karate was introduced into Japanese military training in the modern era and spread worldwide. During World War II, the Japanese military intensified karate training for close-quarters combat. Post-war, karate was introduced to Western society through the U.S. military presence in Japan. In contemporary militaries, various martial arts, including karate, are utilized in training programs such as the U.S. Marine Corps Martial Arts Program (MCMAP) and the Israeli military's Krav Maga. These programs integrate techniques from karate, judo, boxing, and other martial arts to create systems optimized for real combat. In military education, karate enhances individual physical and mental capabilities and improves unit combat effectiveness. Rigorous training develops physical fitness, mental resilience, and practical skills for close-quarters combat. Group training fosters camaraderie and unit cohesion. However, due to the changing nature of modern warfare, it is necessary to reconsider the proportion and methods of martial arts training in military education. With the advancement of high-tech weaponry, team operations have become more critical than individual combat skills. Rather than applying traditional karate techniques unchanged, it is essential to modify and develop them to suit modern warfare. Nevertheless, the value of martial arts training, including karate, remains significant in cultivating key soldier qualities such as physical strength, indomitable spirit, and camaraderie. It is anticipated that militaries worldwide will continue to evolve their martial arts training systems in line with changing times.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.33
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• pp.597-616
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• 2013

Character industry is not only knowledge-based industry chiefly with copyrights but also motive power for creative economy to take a role functionally over the fields of industries because it has industrial characteristic as complement product to promote sale value in manufacturing industry and service industry and increase profit on sales. Since 2003, the national policy related to character has aimed to maximize effect among connected industries, extend its business abroad, enforce copyrights through the improvement of marketing system, develop industrial infrastructure through raising quality of character products. With the result of this policy, the successful cases of connected contents have been crystallized and domestic character industry has stepped up methodically since 2007. It is needed to reset the scales of character industry and industrial stats because there are more know-how of self industry promotion and more related characters through strategy of market departmentalization starting with cartoon, animation, games, novels, movies and musicals. Especially, The Korea government set our target for 'Global Top Five Character Power' since 2009 and has started to carry out to find global star characters, support to establish network among connected industries, diversify promotion channels, and develop licensing business. Particularly, since 2013, There have been prospered the indoor character theme park with time management just like character experimental marketing or Kids cafes using characters, the demand market of digital character focusing on SNS emoticon, and the performance market for character musical consistently. Moreover, The domestic and foreign illegal black markets on off-line have been enlarged, so we need another policy alternative. To prepare for the era of exploding character demand market and diversifying platform, it is needed to set up a solid strategy that is required the elements of policy changes in character industry to vitalize character industry and support new character design and connected contents. the following shows that the elements of policy changes related to the existing policy, the current position of market. Nowadays, the elements of policy changes in domestic character industry are that variety of consumers in the digital character market according to platform diversification, Convergence contents of character goods for the Korean waves, legalization of the illegal black contents market, and controling the tendency of consumers in departmentalized market. This can help find the policy issue entirely deferent with the existing character powers like US, Japan or Europe. In its final analysis, the alternatives are the promotion of models with contract copyrights of domestic and foreign connected contents, the diversification of profit models of platform economy, the additive development of target market related to enlarging the Korean waves, and the strategy of character market for the age-specific tendency according to developing character demand market.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.46
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• pp.511-555
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• 2009

Media-related regulations can be classified into two categories; regulations of individual media contents and regulations regarding the entry to and withdrawal from a certain field. In this dissertation, ownership regulations are regarded as legal and political measures so as to prevent the monopoly and oligopoly of public opinion, and to secure its diversity. Every country has its own regulation model according to its particular media environment. Korea too is obliged to actively respond to its environmental changes, at the same time vitalizing the media industry and protecting consumers' rights and interests. Strong political intentions to protect the public interest is necessary when it comes to media regulation policies, especially in the circumstances that public interest is an industrial priority. As the convergence of broadcasting and telecommunications is leading to a major shift in the media industry, the regulation of cross-media ownership is an issue involving potential conflicts among media-owners, non-governmental organizations and the authorities concerned, depending on their various viewpoints regarding the media industry. In this paper, an attempt was made to search necessity of redefining 'public interest', which is the logic behind the restriction of cross-media ownership, and to reconceptualize issues on the centralization and diversity of media. First, an examination of the actual conditions of newspaper companies was carried out in order to reinvestigate domestic cross-media ownership issues, which is represented by the cross-ownership issue of newspapers and broadcasting stations. Next, the dilemma of policies stimulated by the fusion of media was discussed based on cross-media ownership restrictions, and the need for efficient conflict control was suggested. Finally, proposals on the independency and public confidence of media-related policy-making authorities, the rationalization of regulation models, an itemized discussion on cross-media ownership regulation issues, the elaboration of measures for a balanced development among media were made. It could be found that a number of foreign countries were still facing challenges to prevent monopoly and oligopoly of the public opinion and the industry. A solution to settle disagreements about the dilemma of the media industry, including the cross-media ownership regulation issues, must be arranged on the grounds of 'mutual respect of public interest and industrial interest', In Korea, an ease on the ownership regulations adapting to the change in the media industry may be considered, however the softening of the cross-media ownership regulations must be approached with the utmost care. Paradoxically Relieving cross-media ownership regulations may be considered the foundation of a richer field of journalism, where there is no need for concern over the monopoly and oligopoly of public opinion.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.180-203
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• 2020

In this study, the period before the Gwanbok of meritorious vassals' portraits was expressed in the acheongsaek-Heuk-Danryung was defined as the first period, and the costumes worn in portraits of meritorious vassals from Gaeguk (1392) in the early Joseon Dynasty to Jwali (1471) during the era of King Seongjong were reviewed. The portraits(1476) of Jeokgae meritorious vassals (1467) depicted as the Gwanbok of acheongsaek Heuk-Danryung were excluded. Among the copies that are currently considered to be portraits of meritorious vassals belonging to the first period, the portraits of Lee-je, Lee Cheon-woo, Ma Cheon-mok, Shin Suk-ju, Seol Gye-jo, and Lee Sung-won were selected, and the formative characteristics of Gwanbok components were examined. The Samo of Sam-Gongsin in the early Joseon Dynasty had a low height, a rounded end, and the side wings were narrow and short. However, since King Danjong, Jeongnan·Jwali meritorious vassals retained a higher form, and the side wings were twice as long. It was also confirmed that the pattern was not expressed in the side wings. The Danryung was expressed in light-colored Danryung without specific colors at the beginning of the country. After King Sejong, the Heuk-Danryung system for Yebok began, but it was not reflected in the Gwanbok of meritorious vassals' portraits, and was expressed as damhongsaek-Danryung after King Danjong. The pattern was not expressed on the exterior of the Danryung, and inner-wrinkled Mu was expressed on the side line. The Dapho and Cheolrik, the undergarments of the Danryung, were also confirmed as being blue (the Dapho) and green (the Cheolrik) after the Jeongnan meritorious vassals. The early Sam-Gongsin's Pumgye was expressed by rank belt, but as the system of rank badge was established after King Danjong, it began to express the Pumgye by rank badge and rank belt. Among the portraits of meritorious vassals, the rank badge was expressed only in the portrait of Sin Suk-ju, a Jeongnan meritorious vassal. As Hwaja worn on the Danryung, Heuk-hwa were confirmed in the Sam-Gongsin portraits of the early Joseon Dynasty. However, in the portraits of Jeongnan and Jwali meritorious vassals after King Danjong, the Baek-hwa was confirmed. In addition, in the seam parts of the Heuk-hwa and Baek-hwa identified in some portraits of meritorious vassals, Hwi decorated with yeongeumsa were identified, and it was found that the Hwaja decorated with Hwi were the Hyeopgeum-hwa worn by the 3rd rank and above.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.36
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• pp.751-781
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• 2018

Task of circling the pagoda of Waljeongsa(Woljeongsa Tabdori) is the major intangible cultural heritage with representativeness and historical meaning as a Buddhism culture, one of the Buddhism folk plays, which was firstly played after the liberation. Woljeongsa Tabdori holds significant designation importance in terms of Buddhism folklore heritage with Korean unique tradition and identity of Gangwon-do province. Temples are demonstrating Tabdori nationwide but Woljeongsa Tabdori is the unique case that systematically inherits the culture based on the designation of being intangible cultural heritage. That is why it is needed to focus on the cultural and internal value of Woljeongsa Tabdori. Tabdori is the integrated symbol of Buddhism respect and worship to the Buddha and pagoda. It is hard to presume the originality of Woljeongsa Tabdori: given the history of Woljeonsa temple, it lies into Goguryeo traditional play and Bokhui(Pagoda circling folk play) in Silla era. It fits into the courtesy of Circumambulating Stupa considering Moon in Goguryo mural, background of Odaesan Hwaeom thought/tripitaka and essence of Octagonal 9-story stone pagoda. At the first stage of Tabdori, Buddhist musical instruments such as Buddhism temple bell, singing bowl, cloud-shaped gong and wooden-fish. However, later, Samhyeon Yukgak has been added and then, Boyeom and Bakpaljeongjinga were singing: it could be interpreted that it was a pure Buddhist ceremony but it has become to have traditional aspect and been spread to the public. The origin of Woljeongsa Tabdori is related to the explanation of Circumambulating Stupa that experiences the glory of the ending ceremony. When a temple has a rite, the Buddhists make an offering to the Buddha. At that time, Buddhist prayer, sermon and chant are followed. After the rite, the Buddhists are circling the pagoda with the monks while praying for Buddhist charity and making their own wishes. It prays not only going after death to Nirvana of the one but also national prosperity and the welfare of the people for peaceful reign. As the temple holds bigger rites, many Buddhists gather and the Tabdori was a success. The scene of circling the pagoda and making own wishes in line with the Buddhist sermon was solemn. The idea on changes and convergence of Woljeongsa Tabdori requires strategic inheritance to promote the transmission while maintaining the paragon and purpose of designating the cultural heritage and reviving its identity. Korean Tabdori was held in Buddha's birthday in April and the mid-autumn day. Tabdori is a memorial service type Buddhist ceremony that once the monk holds the Buddhist rosary, circles the pagoda and sings the great mind and charity of the Buddha, Buddhists follow the step, lighting the lantern, circling the pagoda and praying for the gentle and easy death. Transmission education of the successor, diversified approach of the expert's advice and discourse on the revival of the origin should be reinforced in phases.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.61-70
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• 2019

The painting group of Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasty is an era of confusion between the orthodox who faithfully cooperated with the Qing Dynasty and the individualist who had a hostile attitude. The country was ruined by these dynasties, and the family left the real world with the suffering of the breakdown and stayed in the mountains.Paldaesanin and Seokdo, the representative Yumin painters, did not form any a sect as a unique expression style for finding a true self.And, through his work, he expressed on madness and oddity through new ideas and composition that he feels misery and anger in his heart. The paintings of these paintings had semi-normative and impromptuous views of nature, which even the self burdened with grief was forgotten.And I expressed my own individuality and originality by forming a simple and free, on madness and oddity art aesthetic. The paintings of these paintings had semi-normative and impromptuous views of nature, which even the self burdened with grief was forgotten.And I expressed my own individuality and originality by forming a simple and free, on madness and oddity art aesthetic. Paldaesanin portrayed a strange figure with a spirit of resistance and a sad and angered emotion, through a unique technique of painting.The content is cynical, satirical, ironic, and on madness and oddity. On the other hand, Seokdo explained "ilhoeg" that the method of writing and the method of writing in "Hwaeolog" agree with each other.This has allowed us to achieve autonomy as a "rule without rules" that goes beyond the existing rules. And he delicately portrayed beauty, desire, and emotion with the use of sensuous brushes and the beauty of the colors.Their unique paintings were later conveyed to yangjupalgoe and led to the flow of paintings in the 18th century.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.175-183
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• 2021

Gongjae Yoon DuSeo(1668~1715), from Haenam in the late Joseon Dynasty, is a scholar-born painter who was active during King Sukjong. He is the person who created the foundation as a pioneer of realist paintings in the late Joseon period during the transition from the middle to the latter period. He was born in Namin's prestigious family, but he ended his career as part of a partisan fight and immersed himself in painting and learning. 18C, the beginning of the late Joseon Dynasty, was a period when Silhak emerged and the Jinkyung era opened with awareness of nationalism. At this time, by incorporating the Silhak thought into the art world, the real reformed aesthetic consciousness was demonstrated to pioneer common people's customs, the application of Western painting methods, the pursuit of realist techniques, and the introduction of Namjongmuninhwa. His view of painting, who thoroughly learned the old things and pursued change, must have both the form and spirit that he can achieve 'HwaDo' only when it has the science of 'learning and knowledge' and the technical elements of 'practice and quality' emphasized. He has worked in a variety of reconciliations. In particular, portrait paintings are characterized by ihyeongsasin's realistic expressions of aesthetics. His masterpiece, 「Self-portrait」, excels in extreme-realistic depiction and innovation in composition, and stands out with an unconventional experimentation spirit that expresses his mind and thoughts in a painting with a sense of resentment. His landscape paintings combine to express the form as it is and mental notions, and beautifully embodied Do as a form, thus achieving ihyeongmido, which reached the level of'joyfulness forgotten even the heart of joy'. On the other hand, the generalization of the common people using various common people's lives as the subject of an open-mindedness aimed at gaining the facts of ihyeongsajin, a passive protest against corrupt power and an expression of a spirit of love. Since then, his painting style has been passed down from generation to generation to his eldest son Yoon Deok-hee and his grandson Yoon Yong, leading the change and revival of calligraphy art in the late Joseon Dynasty.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.693-704
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• 2021

This study empirically verified the effect of strategic orientation on information technology(IT) competency and corporate performance for organizational members engaged in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). In the research model proposed in this study, strategic orientation affects corporate performance, and IT competency is used as a mediating variable in this process. For this study, a survey was conducted on organizational members working in small and medium-sized manufacturers located in Ulsan Metropolitan City. A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed, and 277 copies were used in this study. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 24.0. The research results are as follows: First, customer orientation, market orientation, and technology orientation of strategic orientation were found to have a positive (+) effect on both information technology knowledge and information technology operation of IT competency. And it was found that both customer orientation and technology orientation of strategic orientation only affects the information technology infrastructure of IT competency. Second, it was found that customer orientation and technology orientation of strategic orientation had a positive (+) effect on corporate performance, but market orientation had no effect on corporate performance. Third, it was found that information technology knowledge, information technology operation, and information technology infrastructure of IT competency had a positive (+) effect on corporate performance. Fourth, as a result of examining the mediating effect of information technology competency between strategic orientation and corporate performance, information technology knowledge, information technology operation, and information technology infrastructure of IT capability were found to have a partial mediating effect between customer orientation and technology orientation of strategic orientation and corporate performance. These research results suggest that in today's fourth industrial revolution era, customer-oriented and technology-oriented management strategies should be established to improve the competitive advantage and performance of small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) in the supply chain with large enterprises, and at the same time information technology capabilities such as information technology knowledge, information technology operation, and information technology infrastructure should be strengthened.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.273-280
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• 2021

GangAm Song Sungyong (1913~1999) was from Gimje, Jeollabuk-do. And he is a calligrapher from the last Confucian scholar of the 20th century and a writer of poetry, calligraphy, and painting. While wearing a topcoat and hanbok for the rest of his life, he approached the study, thought, and calligraphy art of Yoo Jae Song Kimyeon and Kojae Lee Byungeun from the perspective of 'GucheSinyong'. And he kept the philosophical subjectivity that tries to maintain character and a right mind. It was based on 'Guche', which is a faithful succession to the reverence of the old. When I was young, I practiced Mibul and Dong Kichang with Gu Yangsun as the center, and Hwang Jeonggyeon, Hanye, Oh Heejae, and Sojeon typefaces were grafted together during the national exhibition. Then, in 1965 (age 53), he moved to Jeonju, and learned several typefaces such as Chusa typeface on his own, creating a Gangam typeface without any obstacles. And he created 'Sinyong' with Windy Bamboo painting, which embodied strange and unconventional meanings. In addition, he re-established his identity by reexamining the fundamental spirit and natural aesthetics of calligraphy, and based on this, he greatly contributed to expanding the aesthetics of modern calligraphy and painting art by pursuing an aesthetic that explores novelty. In particular, Windy Bamboo painting has strong abstraction based on the principle of 'drawing the will'. And, in terms of discipline, the ethical aesthetic of Express Tao with pictures (畵以載道), which expresses the high level of elegance of observing small things in a big way, based on deep research on the logic of things and fulfilling human nature. By implementing it, Tao and Art become one. The Jeonbuk calligraphy group achieved the greatest prosperity in the Gangam era, and at the end of the 20th century, it entered a period of revival as it established itself as the central calligraphy group of Korean calligraphy.