• 농촌계획
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2021

Rice straw management and winter crop cultivation are crucial components for the accurate estimation of paddy methane emissions. Field-based extensive investigation of paddy organic matter management requires enormous efforts however it becomes more feasible as drone technology advances. The objectives of this study were to identify paddy fields of straw application and winter crop cultivation using drone images and to apply for the estimation of yearly methane emission. Total 35 sites of over 150ha in area were selected nationwide as the study areas. Drone images of the study sites were taken twice during summer and winter in 2018 through 2019: Summer images were used to identify paddy cultivation areas, while winter images for straw and winter crop practices. Drone-image-based identification results were used to estimate paddy methane emission and compared with conventional method. As the result, mean areas for paddy, straw application and winter crop cultivation were 118.9ha, 12.0ha, and 11.3ha, respectively. Overall rice straw application rate were greater in Gyeonggi-do(20%) and Chungcheongnam-do(12%), while winter crop cultivation was greatest in Gyeongsangnam-do(30%) and Jeolla-do(27%). Yearly mean methane emission was estimated to be 226.2kg CH₄/ha/yr in this study and about 32% less when compared to 331.8kg CH₄/ha/yr estimated with the conventional method. This was primarily because of the lower rice straw application rate observed in this study, which was less than quarter the rate of 55.62% used for the conventional method. This indicates the necessity to use more accurate statistics of rice straw application as well as winter crop practices into paddy methane emission estimation. Thus it is recommended to further study to link drone technology with satellite image analysis in order to identify organic management practices at a paddy field level over extensive agricultural area.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2005

본 연구는 2003년부터 2004년까지 남부지역에서 시설재배되는 오이, (방울)토마토, 딸기, 가지, 고추, 파프리카, 상추, 들깨(잎), 파 등 9 작물에 대해 관행재배 및 친환경인증재배 농가에서의 농약 사용실태를 조사하였다. 총 조사농가수는 202농가이었으며 이 중 관행재배는 124농가, 친환경인증재배는 78농가 이었다. 조사내용으로는 작물명, 재배면적, 재배방법(관행/친환경인증), 농약의 사용목적 및 종류, 농약사용량, 살포횟수, 농약사용방법 등 이었다. 조사된 작물의 평균 농약사용량은 관행재배 농가에서 3.30 kg ai/ha, 친환경인증재배 농가에서 0.47 kg ai/ha로 나타났다. 농약의 평균 살포횟수는 관행재배 농가가 11회, 친환경인증재배 농가가 2회 이었으며, 농약의 살포방법에서는 경엽살포의 비율이 90% 이상이었다. 관행재배농가에서는 작물별로 평균 34종의 농약성분이 사용되고 있었고, 친환경인증재배 농가에서는 10종이 사용되고 있었다. 농약의 사용목적별 유효성분수의 비율은 두 가지 재배방법에서 모두 살균제가 56%, 살충제가 43%를 차지하였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2013

This study is to eliminate the need for conventional high density plant factory's artificial light source such as LED to reduce the initial investment of the light source installation as well as the operation cost. Use of solar light could enhance the quality of the vegetables similar to those grown in the natural environment. Provision of solar light into the multilayer vegetable cultivation facilities and collecting maximum and sustainable sunlight without too much loss by tracing solar path and properly distributing it through careful control during daytime are crucial for realizing the investigated rooftop light shelf system for multi-layered vegetable cultivation. In this study, we developed an innovative way of effectively allocating sunlight inside even to otherwise shaded zone of a multi-layer vegetable cultivation facility. To prove the effectiveness of the system's sunlight collection and distribution capability, both simulation and experiment in Daejeon are performed and the outcome is analyzed.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.792-796
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• 2000

참외의 지주재배는 포복재배에 비하여 과실의 수량이 증가하였다. 지주재배는 수확전 낙과율이 47.6%로 무지주의 13.0%에 비하여 현저히 높았다. 그러나 개화 후 15 일에 aminoethoxyvinylglycine(AVG, $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$)을 엽면살포한 결과 낙과율이 10.9%까지 소하였다. AVG처리는 과실의 품질이나 숙기에는 영향이 없었다. AVG처리는 과설의 에틸렌 발생을 현저히 감소시켰다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1434-1443
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• 2019

Although chemical oxygen demand (COD) is an important issue for wastewater treatment, COD reduction with microalgae has been less studied compared to nitrogen or phosphorus removal. COD removal is not efficient in conventional wastewater treatment using microalgae, because the algae release organic compounds, thereby finally increasing the COD level. This study focused on enhancing COD removal and meeting the effluent standard for discharge by optimizing sludge inoculation timing, which was an important factor in forming a desirable algae/bacteria consortium for more efficient COD removal and higher biomass productivity. Activated sludge has been added to reduce COD in many studies, but its inoculation was done at the start of cultivation. However, when the sludge was added after 3 days of cultivation, at which point the COD concentration started to increase again, the algal growth and biomass productivity were higher than those of the initial sludge inoculation and control (without sludge). Algal and bacterial cell numbers measured by qPCR were also higher with sludge inoculation at 3 days later. In a semi-continuous cultivation system, a hydraulic retention time of 5 days with sludge inoculation resulted in the highest biomass productivity and N/P removal. This study achieved a further improved COD removal than the conventional microalgal wastewater treatment, by introducing bacteria in activated sludge at optimized timing.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.362-362
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• 2017

Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety combined with cultivation technology named IPB Prima was aimed to introduce IPB research product particularly for IPB rice variety with high-yield character that is IPB3S. The rice variety IPB3S and IPB Prima cultivation technology was expected to be one of solution to improve rice productivity and accelerate to food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. Research sctivity was consist of three main research unit i.e. (1) Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety and IPB Prima production technology; (2) The development of Information and management web-based system (IMS) for planning and monitoring IPB3S and IPB Prima application distribution; and (3) The development of High-capacity grain drying system in Fluidized-bed drying ang in-store drying system. The objective of main research i.e. to introduce IPB high-yield rice variety, to accelerate rice productivity to support self-sufficiency, to develop integrated system model through fluidized and in-store drying, and to develop web-based management-information system in result analyzing IPB3S and IPB Prima distribution and technology application. The dissemination activities was arranged in two location. The first location was in Banyuwangi, East Java with total area 10.87 ha, consist of 8.91 ha planting area for IPB3S and 1.96 ha planting area for Ciherang. The second location is in Tegal, Middle Java with total planting area in 5 ha. The experiment was arranged in different treatment of varieties and cultivation method. The experiment consist of (1) rice variety Ciherang with conventional cultivation technology (P0); (2) rice variety Ciherang with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P1); (3) rice variety IPB3S with conventional cultivation technology (P2); (4) rice variety IPB3S with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P3). Planting distance for twin rows system is $50cm{\times}25cm{\times}12.5cm$. Planting distance for single row system is $25cm{\times}25cm$. The research result elucidated that productivity result in two location has different grades in similar trend. Experiment in Tegal resulted P0 result is $6.18ton\;ha^{-1}$, P1 result is $6.30ton\;ha^{-1}$, P2 result is $6.82ton\;ha^{-1}$, P3 result is $7.31ton\;ha^{-1}$. Experiment in Banyuwangi resulted optimum production of IPB3S variety productivity number are $7.29ton\;ha^{-1}$, while Ciherang are $6.73ton\;ha^{-1}$.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.61-61
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• 2017

Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety combined with cultivation technology named IPB Prima was aimed to introduce IPB research product particularly for IPB rice variety with high-yield character that is IPB3S. The rice variety IPB3S and IPB Prima cultivation technology was expected to be one of solution to improve rice productivity and accelerate to food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. Research sctivity was consist of three main research unit i.e. (1) Dissemination of IPB3S rice variety and IPB Prima production technology; (2) The development of Information and management web-based system (IMS) for planning and monitoring IPB3S and IPB Prima application distribution; and (3) The development of High-capacity grain drying system in Fluidized-bed drying ang in-store drying system. The objective of main research i.e. to introduce IPB high-yield rice variety, to accelerate rice productivity to support self-sufficiency, to develop integrated system model through fluidized and in-store drying, and to develop web-based management-information system in result analyzing IPB3S and IPB Prima distribution and technology application. The dissemination activities was arranged in two location. The first location was in Banyuwangi, East Java with total area 10.87 ha, consist of 8.91 ha planting area for IPB3S and 1.96 ha planting area for Ciherang. The second location is in Tegal, Middle Java with total planting area in 5 ha. The experiment was arranged in different treatment of varieties and cultivation method. The experiment consist of (1) rice variety Ciherang with conventional cultivation technology (P0); (2) rice variety Ciherang with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P1); (3) rice variety IPB3S with conventional cultivation technology (P2); (4) rice variety IPB3S with IPB Prima cultivation technology (P3). Planting distance for twin rows system is $50cm{\times}25cm{\times}12.5cm$. Planting distance for single row system is $25cm{\times}25{\times}cm$. The research result elucidated that productivity result in two location has different grades in similar trend. Experiment in Tegal resulted P0 result is $6.18ton\;ha^{-1}$, P1 result is $630ton\;ha^{-1}$, P2 result is $6.82ton\;ha^{-1}$, P3 result is $7.31ton\;ha^{-1}$. Experiment in Banyuwangi resulted optimum production of IPB3S variety productivity number are 7.29 ton ha-1, while Ciherang are $6.73ton\;ha^{-1}$.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1143-1152
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• 2012

본 연구진은 2007년 농진청과 통계청에서 수집한 농축산물소득자료 통계 값으로 국가평균 탄소성적을 산정하는 top-down 방식의 자료수집 방법을 구축하였다. 또한, 본 연구진은 2011년 전북 군산 지역 관행농 쌀 생산 농가 중 벼 평균 재배면적이 3.3 ha인 네 곳의 대규모 생산농가를 섭외하여 면접조사로 사례를 분석하는 bottom-up 방식의 전과정 목록 (LCI, life cycle Inventory)도 구축하였다. 본 연구는 관행농 쌀 생산체계에 대한 전과정 평가를 국립농업과학원에서 구축한 top-down 방식과 사례분석을 통한 bottom-up 방식으로 수행한 결과를 비교하기 위하여 수행되었다. 전과정 목록분석 결과 $CO_2$은 무기질 비료 생산과 벼 재배과정에서 배출량이 가장 많았고, $CH_4$와 $N_2O$은 대부분 벼 재배과정에서 배출되었다. 관행농 쌀 1 kg 생산을 기준으로 하는 탄소성적은 국가평균값이 2.39E+00 kg $CO_2$-eq. $kg^{-1}$, 사례분석이 1.04E+00 kg $CO_2$-eq. $kg^{-1}$으로 국가평균 탄소성적이 사례분석보다 높았다. 쌀 생산 전과정에 투입되는 농자재량은 국가평균과 사례분석이 유사하거나 오히려 사례분석이 더 높게 나타났으나 작기 당 수확량이 높아 사례분석의 탄소성적이 유리한 결과가 나왔다. 관행농 쌀 생산체계에서 각 생산공정별 환경영향을 분석한 결과 화학비료 생산단계가 대부분의 환경영향범주에서 기여도가 가장 높게 나타났으나, GWP 범주는 벼 재배에 의한 환경영향 기여도가 가장 컸다. 관행농 쌀 생산에서 탄소성적을 결정하는 주요 요인은 논토양에서 발생하는 메탄가스와 비료투입량 및 벼 수확량이었다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 '농산물 저탄소인증' 시범사업에서 배출량 산정을 위한 기초자료와 벼논에서 온실가스를 줄이기 위한 영농법 개발에 활용될 것으로 기대된다. '저탄소 농산물 인증제도' 시범사업의 성공을 위해서 쌀을 포함한 농작물에 대한 실제 농가를 대상으로 하는 사례분석 연구가 더욱 늘어나야 할 것이다. 현 단계에서는 자발적인 참여 농가를 대상으로 하여 활동 데이터 수집을 늘리고, 자료의 일관성과 대표성 보완을 위하여 농가의 활동데이터를 수집할 때 모집단 선발과 수집기간 등에 대한 논의가 필요하다. 또한 현재 국립농업과학원에서 구축하고 있는 DB는 2007년 소득자료를 기준으로 하므로 인증사업 시행시 사례분석을 적용할 때 몇 가지 한계와 보완사항이 요구되었다. 첫째, 국가평균 통계와 실제 대상농가 간 품종 및 생산연도에 의한 생산량 차이를 보완하기 위한 가중치 적용 등이 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 둘째, 현재 국가평균 DB를 기준으로 설정된 시스템 경계에서 육묘 용 상토와 볏짚 및 쌀겨 등 부산물과 수확 후 도정 및 포장 등에 대한 시스템경계 확장 연구 및 이에 관한 LCI DB 구축이 요구되었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.723-729
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• 2012

난배양성 미생물의 배양과 보다 다양한 미생물의 분리를 위하여 Filter plate microbial trap (FPMT)을 개발하였고, 이 장치를 사용하여 Greenland의 토양에서 세균을 분리하였다. FPMT는 배지와 하단부의 membrane filter(0.45 ${\mu}m$ pore size)로 구성되어 있다. 시료에 포함된 세균과 화학물질이 FPMT 내로 이동하고, 세균이 증식하는 원리이다. 그 결과, FPMT를 이용한 새로운 in situ 배양방법을 통해 통상적인 Petri dish 배양방법보다 더 많은 종과 기존의 방법으로는 배양할 수 없는 세균을 분리하였다. 이 장치는 앞으로 다양한 환경에서 난배양성 미생물을 분리하는데 유용함을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2014

To determine whether Fourier transform (FT)-IR spectral analysis combined with multivariate analysis of whole-cell extracts from ginseng leaves can be applied as a high-throughput discrimination system of cultivation ages and cultivars, a total of total 480 leaf samples belonging to 12 categories corresponding to four different cultivars (Yunpung, Kumpung, Chunpung, and an open-pollinated variety) and three different cultivation ages (1 yr, 2 yr, and 3 yr) were subjected to FT-IR. The spectral data were analyzed by principal component analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis. A dendrogram based on hierarchical clustering analysis of the FT-IR spectral data on ginseng leaves showed that leaf samples were initially segregated into three groups in a cultivation age-dependent manner. Then, within the same cultivation age group, leaf samples were clustered into four subgroups in a cultivar-dependent manner. The overall prediction accuracy for discrimination of cultivars and cultivation ages was 94.8% in a cross-validation test. These results clearly show that the FT-IR spectra combined with multivariate analysis from ginseng leaves can be applied as an alternative tool for discriminating of ginseng cultivars and cultivation ages. Therefore, we suggest that this result could be used as a rapid and reliable F1 hybrid seed-screening tool for accelerating the conventional breeding of ginseng.