• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2008년도 Proceedings of the Convention
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• pp.103-115
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• 2008

Hemodynamic shear stress, the dragging force generated by blood flow, is known as an anti-atherogenic factor. We tested whether lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) will be utilized as an agent controlling shear-sensing systems. KRS was previously known to be secreted as a pro-inflammatory agent. Here we found that KRS inhibited various shear-stimulated signaling pathways. We further found that KRS binds to detergent-resistant membrane (DRM), indicating that KRS binding molecules exist in DRM, specialized regions of the plasma membrane. DRM plays important roles in a variety of cellular processes and consists of gangliosides, signaling molecules and cytoskeletons. We then determined that KRS was colocalized with integrins ${\alpha}4$, ${\alpha}5$ and $av{\beta}3$. In addition, KRS was shown to be associated with sialic acid, existing at the end of gangliosides. Interestingly, the adherent effect of KRS was inhibited by pretreatment with sialic acid. Moreover, treatment of endothelial cells with neuraminidase appeared to inhibit both the KRS adhesion to endothelial cells and shear-stimulated signaling. In conclusion, KRS is likely to be utilized as a vascular regulator.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.554-554
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• 2012

Controlling the size distribution of gold nanoparticles (NPs) is of great importance due to the fact that their properties are strongly dependent upon the size distribution as well as the size itself. In the citrate reduction method for gold NP synthesis, the citrate works as (1) a reducing agent, (2) a surfactant, and also (3) a weak base: it raises the pH of the whole reaction mixture. Here, we have extensively studied the all three roles of the citrate, by adding other reagents separately (NaBH4, CTAB, and NaOH) for the independent control of the three roles of the citrate. Among the roles of the citrate, that as a weak base was found to be the most critical parameter affecting the size distribution of gold NPs and the size distribution became much more improved with the increase of the solution pH, while adding a supplementary surfactant or reducing agent resulted in the formation of less homogeneous NPs.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.165-190
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• 1999

There are no reliable data about the effect on the baking industry in Korea yet. The damage caused by the product's aging is so much in the confectionary and baking industries. Therefore, the aging of bread is an economical problem which determines its commercial lifespan. In order to solve out this aging problem, this article dealt with the factors which give rise to the effect of starch on the aging and its inhibitory methods. 1. Control of the moisture content : Because the aging of starch occurs at 30~60% of moisture most frequently, controlling the moisture content above or below the above percentage can help restrain the aging to a certain degree. 2. Addition of sugars : The sugars become hydrated through hydrogenation with the moisture in the food. Thus, the sugars suppress the phenomenon of crumbling inside the food acting as a kind of dehydrator. 3. Use of an emulsifying agent : The emulsifying agent increases the stability of starch colloid liquid and suppresses the precipitation of starch molecules and the formation of crystallized range to prevent aging. 4. Method by freezing : The aging of starch does hardly occur reaching -2$0^{\circ}C$~-3$0^{\circ}C$ below zero. 5. Maintenance of warm condition : The freshness of bread is maintained at the 80% of humidity at 5$0^{\circ}C$.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2016

The isothermal crystallization behaviors of blends of poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN) and a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) as functions of crystallization temperature and blend composition. Avrami analyses were applied to obtain information on the crystal growth geometry and the factors controlling the rate of crystallization. The crystallization kinetics of the PEN/TLCP blends followed the Avrami equation up to a high degree of crystallization, regardless of crystallization temperature. The calculated Avrami exponents for PEN/TLCP revealed three-dimensional growth of the crystalline region in each blend. The crystallization rate of each blend increased as the crystallization temperature decreased, and decreased as the TLCP content increased. The crystallization of PEN in the blend was affected by the addition of TLCP, which acts as a nucleating agent.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.339-342
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• 2015

The use of microorganisms and their secreted molecules to prevent plant diseases is considered an attractive alternative and way to supplement synthetic fungicides for the management of plant diseases. Strain BS062 was selected based on its ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea, a major causal fungus of postharvest root rot of ginseng and strawberry gray mold disease. Strain BS062 was found to be closely related to Streptomyces hygroscopicus (99% similarity) on the basis of 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis. Postharvest root rot of ginseng and strawberry gray mold disease caused by B. cinerea were controlled up to 73.9% and 58%, respectively, upon treatment with culture broth of Streptomyces sp. BS062. These results suggest that strain BS062 may be a potential agent for controlling ginseng postharvest root rot and strawberry gray mold disease.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.341-350
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• 2019

Streptomyces padanus PMS-702 strain produces a polyene macrolide antibiotic fungichromin and displays antagonistic activities against many phytopathogenic fungi. In the present study, experimental formulations were assessed to improve the production of fungichromin, the efficacy of PMS-702 on the suppression of sporangial germination, and the reduction of cucumber downy mildew caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis. PMS-702 strain cultured in a soybean meal-glucose (SMG) medium led to low levels of fungichromin accumulation and sporangial germination suppression. Increasing medium compositions and adding plant oils (noticeably coconut oil) in SMG significantly increased fungichromin production from 68 to $1,999.6{\mu}g/ml$. Microscopic examination reveals that the resultant suspensions significantly reduced sporangial germination and caused cytoplasmic aggregation. Greenhouse trials reveal that the application of PMS-702 cultural suspensions reduced downy mildew severity considerably. The addition of Tween 80 into the synthetic medium while culturing PMS-702 further increased the suppressive efficacy of downy mildew severity, particularly when applied at 24 h before inoculation or co-applied with inoculum. Fungichromin at $50{\mu}g/ml$ induced phytotoxicity showing minor necrosis surrounded with light yellowish halos on cucumber leaves. The concentration that leads to 90% inhibition (IC90) of sporangial germination was estimated to be around $10{\mu}g/ml$. The results provide a strong possibility of using the S. padanus PMS-702 strain as a biocontrol agent to control other plant pathogens.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.3277-3290
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• 2023

Nuclear power plant (NPP) operations with multiple objectives and devices are still performed manually by operators despite the potential for human error. These operations could be automated to reduce the burden on operators; however, classical approaches may not be suitable for these multi-objective tasks. An alternative approach is deep reinforcement learning (DRL), which has been successful in automating various complex tasks and has been applied in automation of certain operations in NPPs. But despite the recent progress, previous studies using DRL for NPP operations have limitations to handle complex multi-objective operations with multiple devices efficiently. This study proposes a novel DRL-based approach that addresses these limitations by employing a continuous action space and straightforward binary rewards supported by the adoption of a soft actor-critic and hindsight experience replay. The feasibility of the proposed approach was evaluated for controlling the pressure and volume of the reactor coolant while heating the coolant during NPP startup. The results show that the proposed approach can train the agent with a proper strategy for effectively achieving multiple objectives through the control of multiple devices. Moreover, hands-on testing results demonstrate that the trained agent is capable of handling untrained objectives, such as cooldown, with substantial success.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.441-451
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• 2023

Golden apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) were first introduced as food for high protein source and were later widely used as a means of weeding in rice paddies by taking of their vigorous feeding habits. Since 2000, the wintering of golden snails has been found and damage to rice plants occurred by them. To prevent damage, a means to control golden apple snails has become necessary. In this study, we investigated the possibility of eco-friendly control of golden apple snail by using Styrax japonicus fruit that grow naturally in-country. When the ethanol extract of the fruit was treated for controlling golden apple snail, the effect of over 90% was confirmed at 250 and 125 ppm after 1 day. Using UPLC MS analysis, two major compounds, dihydrorotenone known as a natural pesticide was detected. The molluscicidal activity was confrimed at 50 ppm of dihydrorotenone standard material. Our results showed that the possibility of developing an eco-friendly agent of golden apple snail using S. japonicus fruit was confirmed.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2012

석조문화재의 보존 복원 작업에 적용할 수 있는 에폭시 수지의 성능을 개선하기 위해 다양한 성분을 조합하여 경화 거동을 제어할 수 있는 접착 시스템을 연구하였다. 사용된 에폭시 수지 주제는 hydrogenated Bisphenol-A (HBA), 경화제로 속경화형 경화제 FH와 저속 경화제 SH를 구성하였으며, 반응성 희석제는 difunctional polyglycidyl epoxide (DPE), 무기 첨가물은 탈크를 사용하였다. 에폭시 수지와 경화제의 혼합 조건에 따라 경화 시 점도, 온도 및 differental scanning calorimetry(DSC)를 이용하여 경화 동력학을 측정하였고, 기계적 특성을 확인하기 위해 무기 첨가물의 함량에 따른 굴곡강도, 인장강도, 압축전단접착강도를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 다양한 석조문화재의 보존처리 작업에 맞춰 에폭시 수지 구성물의 성분 조합을 통해 경화 특성을 제어하고, 무기 첨가물의 도입을 통해 기계적 특성을 조절하여 성능 개선 및 작업 효율성을 향상 시킨 새로운 접착 시스템을 개발하였다.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.85-89
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• 2000

Lithium ion Battery(LIB)의 음극 활물질로써 리튬을 대체하기 위한 노력으로 phenol resin을 탄화시킨 탄소재료를 사용하였다. Phenol resin을 소성하면 축합반응을 일으키면서 탄화되어 무정형 탄소가 된다. 무정형 탄소는 층간거리가 넓어 리튬의 삽입과 탈리가 용이하지만 탄소간의 결합력이 약하여 구조적 붕괴가 일어난다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 세공형성제로서 $ZnCl_2$를 사용하였다. $ZnCl_2$는 생성된 물질에서 3차원적 망상구조로 성장하는 개방세공을 형성하는 세공형성제로서 뿐만 아니라, 벌크 첨가제가 도핑된 느슨한 구조를 형성하는 미세세공 형성제로서 작용하였다. SEM을 통해서 구조적 차이를 알 수 있었으며, XRD분석으로 층간의 거리를 알 수 있었다. CV측정을 통해 두 가지 샘플에 대한 산화와 환원 반응의 차이를 알아보았다.