• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2005

Various defects are found in PDP manufacturing process. Detecting these defects early and reprocessing them is an important factor that reduces the cost of production. In this paper, the image processing system for the PDP pattern inspection is designed and implemented using the high performance and accuracy CCD line scan camera. For the preprocessing of the high speed line image data, the Image Processing Part (IPP) is designed and implemented using high performance DSP, FIFO and FPGA. Also, the Data Management and System Control Part (DMSCP) are implemented using ARM processor to control many IPP and cameras and to provide remote users with processed data. For evaluating implemented system, experiment environment which has an area camera for reviewing and moving shelf is made. Experimental results showed that proposed system was quite successful.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of exercise program on natural killer cell cytotoxic activity(NKCA) in breast cancer patients who had been radiation therapy after surgery. The subjects in the experimental group consisted of 11 breast cancer patients, while the subjects in the control group consisted of 15. Subjects in the experimental group participated in exercise program for 8 weeks. Exercise program consisted of shoulder stretching, arm weight training and treadmill walking exercise. They started to exercise on treadmill for 20 minutes per day, 3 times a week at 40% of maximum heart rate, and increased intensity and duration of exercise so that they were running 30 minutes/day at 60% of maximum heart rate from the 3rd week to the 8th week. Natural killer cell cytotoxic activity were determined before and after the exercise program. For measuring the natural killer cell cytotoxic activity, 8ml to 10ml blood was collected from the subjects. Mononuclear cell was isolated by centrifuge of the blood and cultured by putting $Cr^{51}$, and reacted with target cell, K562 cell. Baseline demographic and medical data were compared between groups with the Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney U test. For effects of the exercise program, repeated measures ANOVA was used. The result was as follows; Natural killer cell cytotoxic activity(NKCA) in experimental group comparing with control group significantly increased after the exercise program in case of effector cell : target cell ratio is 100 : 1(p<0.05). The above result suggest that the exercise program for breast cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy after breast surgery may increase the natural killer cell cytotoxic activity.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.478-484
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose new algorithm for positioning of mouse cursor using fingertip direction on kinect depth camera. The proposed algorithm uses center of parm points from distance transform when fingertip point toward screen. Otherwise, algorithm use fingertip points. After image preprocessing, the center of parm points is calculated from distance transform results. If the direction of the finger towards the camera becomes close to the distance between the fingertip point and center of parm point, it is possible to improve the accuracy of positioning by using the center of parm point. After remove arm on image, the fingertip points is obtained by using a pixel on the long distance from the center of the image. To calculate accuracy of mouse positioning, we selected any 5 points. Also, we calculated error rate between reference points and mouse points by performed 500 times. The error rate results could be confirmed the accuracy of our algorithm indicated an average error rate of less than 11%.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.6543-6550
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• 2015

This study aimed to analyze the effect of flexi-bar exercise on in body composition and trunk muscle strength of female college students who are either overweight or obesity. The subjects were female college students divided into experimental group(N=15) and control group(N=15). The experimental group performed a flexi-bar exercise for of 30 minute sessions three days per week for five weeks, and the differences in body composition and trunk muscle strength before and after the experiment and between experimental group and control group were analyzed. The study results showed that the experimental group had a statistically significant improvement in the body fat mass and body fat percentage, body muscle mass, both arm muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, basal metabolic rate(p<.05). Changes in trunk muscle strength showed that the experimental group had statistically significant increased in changes in trunk muscle strength(p<.01). The study verified that flexi-bar exercise can be effective for improving the body composition and trunk muscle strength of overweight and obesity female college students.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.893-898
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• 2005

Due to the merits that only a small amount of computation is needed for solutions and stochastic policies can be handled explicitly, the actor-critic algorithm, which is a class of reinforcement learning methods, has recently attracted a lot of interests in the area of artificial intelligence. The actor-critic network composes of tile actor network for selecting control inputs and the critic network for estimating value functions, and in its training stage, the actor and critic networks take the strategy, of changing their parameters adaptively in order to select excellent control inputs and yield accurate approximation for value functions as fast as possible. In this paper, we consider a new actor-critic algorithm employing an RLS(Recursive Least Square) method for critic learning, and policy gradients for actor learning. The applicability of the considered algorithm is illustrated with experiments on the two linked robot arm.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 1999

Background: The new drug HP228 is a cytokine restraining agent with a broad spectrum of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activity. Six healthy, adult, male volunteers were studied to determine the independent and interactive effects of HP228 and morphine on pain perception. Methods: Two groups of stimuli were applied to each volunteers before drug administration as control, 20 min after morphine and HP228 administration, and 20 min after combined administration of these two drugs. Two adhesive electrically-conducting pads were applied on opposite sides of the arm approximately 8 cm apart. The electrode were connected to an electrical impulse generator and 50 Hz 1 msec pulses of incrementally increasing intensity were delivered at 1 sec intervals. The analgesic endpoints were the current intensity (mA) at which the subject first detected the stimulus (THRESH), the intensity at which the stimulus was first idenfied as being painful (PAIN), and the intensity at which the subject requested that the stimulus be terminated due to discomfort (LIMIT). A second series of stimuli were applied immediately thereafter using 1-sec duration 50 Hz tetanus pulses with increasing intensities at 2~5 sec intervals. Results: There were significant differences between drug treatments (Morphine, HP228, HP228/Morphine) and control (No drugs) in any of the measurements (PAIN, LIMIT) except THRESH with the twitch and tetanus test. Conclusions: The data suggests that HP228 is an analgesic, but it does not appear to interact with morphine in an additive manner.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.184-188
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• 2008

Objectives：Weight loss and malnutrition in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer are usual and preventable. The effect of nutritional support with oral high protein liquid was evaluated. Material and Methods：From Feb. to Dec. 2007, twenty patients received nutritional supplement with oral high protein liquid during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer and the nutritional status was evaluated. Weight loss was compared with control group of similar clinical characteristics. Results：Nutritional parameters such as weight, arm circumference, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein, albumin, transferring and the number of lymphocyte were relatively well maintained in patients with nutritional support with oral high protein liquid. In addition weight loss was minimal and significantly lower compared with control group. Conclusion：Nutritional support with oral high protein liquid was effective on maintaining nutritional status for the patients with head and neck cancer during radiotherapy.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.318-323
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose a systematic method of a fuzzy-model-based controller for continuous-time nonlinear dynamical systems which may contain uncertainties. The continuous-time uncertain TS fuzzy model is first constructed to represent the uncertain nonlinear system. A parallel distributed compensation (PDC) technique is then used to design a fuzzy model based controller for both stabilization and tracking. Finally, the designed continuous-time controller is converted to an equivalent discrete-time controller by using an intelligent digital redesign method. This new design technique provides a systematic and effective framework for integration of the fuzzy model based control theory and the advanced digital redesign technique for nonlinear dynamical systems with uncertainties. Finally, the single link flexible-joint robot arm is used as an illustrative example to show the effectiveness and the feasibility of the developed design method.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.356-367
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• 2014

A robotic sapatial augmented reality (RSAR) system, which combines robotic components with projector-based AR technique, is unique in its ability to expand the user interaction area by dynamically changing the position and orientation of a projector-camera unit (PCU). For a moving PCU mounted on a conventional robotic device, we can compute its extrinsic parameters using a robot kinematics method assuming a link and joint geometry is available. In a RSAR system based on user-created robot (UCR), however, it is difficult to calibrate or measure the geometric configuration, which limits to apply a conventional kinematics method. In this paper, we propose a data-driven kinematics control method for a UCR-based RSAR system. The proposed method utilized a pre-sampled data set of camera calibration acquired at sufficient instances of kinematics configurations in fixed joint domains. Then, the sampled set is compactly represented as a set of B-spline surfaces. The proposed method have merits in two folds. First, it does not require any kinematics model such as a link length or joint orientation. Secondly, the computation is simple since it just evaluates a several polynomials rather than relying on Jacobian computation. We describe the proposed method and demonstrates the results for an experimental RSAR system with a PCU on a simple pan-tilt arm.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2009

In this study, we introduce the design methodology of an optimized fuzzy cascade controller with the aid of hierarchical fair competition-based genetic algorithm(HFCGA) for ball & beam system. The ball & beam system consists of servo motor, beam and ball, and remains mutually connected in line in itself. The ball & beam system determines the position of ball through the control of a servo motor. The displacement change the position of ball leads to the change of the angle of the beam which determines the position angle of a servo motor. Consequently the displacement change of the position of the moving ball and its ensuing change of the angle of the beam results in the change of the position angle of a servo motor. We introduce the fuzzy cascade controller scheme which consists of the outer(1st) controller and the inner(2nd) controller as two cascaded fuzzy controllers, and auto-tune the control parameters(scaling factors) of each fuzzy controller using HFCGA. The inner controller controls the position of lever arm which corresponds to the position angle of a servo motor and the outer controller decides the set-point value of the inner controller. HFCGA is a kind of parallel genetic algorithms(PGAs), and helps alleviate the premature convergence being generated in conventional genetic algorithms (GAs). For a detailed comparative analysis from the viewpoint of the performance results and the design methodology, the proposed method for the ball & beam system which is realized by the fuzzy cascade controller based on HFCGA, is presented in comparison with the conventional PD cascade controller based on serial genetic algorithms.