• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.748-752
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• 1999

This study was carried out to compare the growth and fatty acids composition of the rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis) cultured in high density by the various enrichments and culture methods. The rotifer fed on condensed freshwater Chlorella was enriched with $\omega$-yeast, Algamac, Super Selco and marine Chlorella. In another culture method, the rotifer was cultured with enrichment supplements for 6 hours after feeding with condensed freshwater Chlorella supplement for 18 hour. The rotifer fed with condensed marine Chlorella for 24 hours without fieshwater Chlorella was used as a control group. Culture tanks (5 $\ell$ working volume) was immersed in a water bath ($28^{\circ}C$). The density of rotifer and dissolved oxygen level in water was stable in control group of rotifer cultured with condensed marine Chlorella for 24 hours and the n-3 HUFA content of rotifer was the highest among the rotifer culture methods. However, the density of rotifer and dissolved oxygen level in the groups of rotifers enriched with $\omega$-yeast, Algamac and Super Selco by methods were drastically decreased, The n-3 HUFA contents of rotifers enriched by Super Selco were higher than those of rotifer enriched by either $\omega$-yeast or Algamac in both methods. The results from this experiment indicated that supplementation of condensed marine Chlorella for 24 hour by the semi-continuous culture was effective for the improvement of the nutritional value of rotifer and it could provide the stable growth condition for rotifer culture in high density.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2018

Recently, mainly in downtown, there have been frequent safety incidents in underground space like ground subsidence and land sinking. Out of diverse coping measures, the government is carrying forward the establishment of underground space integrated map. As a core element of the underground space integrated map, the 3D geotechnical information is used as major data of underground space impact assessment obliged in accordance with the "Special Act on the Safety Control of Underground Space Safety". The construction method of 3D geotechnical information is drawn when establishing the basic establishment plan of underground space integrated map, and the continuous construction is performed by the Integrated DB Center of National Geotechnical Information. However, it is necessary to draw concrete measures with accuracy, efficiency, and utilization. This study drew the construction plan considering the accuracy, utilization, and efficiency of 3D geotechnical information for the support of underground space safety. For this, accuracy between elevation and underground level is compared using MVS and MakeJiban which are software to construct boring information with geotechnical information in geotechnical information portal system. In the results of general analysis, the milepost-based construction of whole strata in a lump would be the most suitable in the aspect of accuracy, utilization, and efficiency. Based on the results of this study, Plan to construct 3D geotechnical information will be pursued.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.468-478
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• 2009

This research was performed to provide basic data for the development of infection related dental hygiene studies by surveying the current condition of recognition among students in the department of dental hygiene toward hospital infection management while receiving the following results by using a personal self-administered survey method targeting 303 students in the department of dental hygiene from certain areas. 1. With the current condition of recognition on the sanitization and sterilization of instruments among students in the department of dental hygiene(study), the rate at which surgical instruments are to be sterilized with autoclaves was 79.9% which was relatively higher than other instruments while it was shown that prosthetic instruments for treatment was 56.4%, conservative instruments for treatment was 51.8%, and ultrasonic scaler tip was 51.1% while the way syringe tips(36.1%) and the dental anesthetic apparatus(27.9%) were revealed to require sanitization by alcohol. 2. The 'hand wash' area was the highest with 4.71 while the 'materials and environment management' area and 'equipment management' area appeared high respectively with 4.43 and 4.41. 3. With the current condition of recognition on equipment management, 'equipments used for contagious patients are separately washed after a one-time use and must be sterilized or separated-and-discarded' was the highest with 4.82 while 'sterilization equipments with humidity or water on it are considered contaminated and are not used' showed the lowest recognition level with 3.90. 4. Regarding the current condition of materials and environment management, 'contagious and general trash are separated and discarded' was the highest with 4.70 while 'the refrigerator for medicine storage is cleaned on a regular basis once a month' was revealed as the lowest with 4.11. 5. With the current condition of recognition on hand washing, 'one must wash their hands after coming in contact with contagious patients, was the highest with 4.90 while washing hands after taking off gloves' appeared as the lowest with 4.51 point. To conclude department of dental hygiene there is to infection management and necessary about organization disinfecting and pasteurization to strengthen an education in order raising a stamp helping practical ratio about the infection management which whole, is from presence at a sickbed and connection does and about the infection management which is substantial and educational program development leads feed with the fact that deepening studying which is continuous must become accomplished becomes.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.197-205
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• 2010

Recently abrupt climate changes have been occurred in global and regional scales and $CO_2$ reduction technologies became an important solution for global warming. As a method of the solution shallow underground thermal energy storage (UTES) has been applied as a reliable technology in most countries developing renewable energy. The geothermal energy system using thermal source of soil, rock, and ground water in aquifer or cavern located in shallow ground is designed based on the concept of thermal energy recovery and storage. UTES technology of Korea is in early stage and consistent researches are demanded to develop environmental friendly, economical and efficient UTES systems. Aquifers in Korea are suitable for various type of ground water source heat pump system. However due to poor understanding and regulations on various UTES high efficient geothermal systems have not been developed. Therefore simple closed U-tube type geothermal heat pump systems account for more than 90% of the total geothermal system installation in Korea. To prevent becoming wide-spread of inefficient systems, UTES systems considering to the hydrogeothemal properties of the ground should be developed and installed. Also international collaboration is necessary, and continuous UTES researches can improve the efficiency of shallow geothermal systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.262-269
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• 2019

References at the end of an academic paper are information that helps authors keep their research ethics, readers refer to related prior studies. Also references are useful information for linking citations and citations between articles. As bibliography metrics develops, bibliographic data is used as an important data for assessing the academic influence of countries, institutions and individual researchers. However, it is not easy to identify and link the reference data due to the diversity of the bibliographic citation formats, the loss of information due to the abbreviation of journal names and author names, and typos by authors. This study investigated the method of improving the bibliographic data mapping rate by analyzing the unmapped cases. As a result, it was found that the main cause of the article-reference mapping failure was the similarity of abbreviated journal names. Research team suggested that continuous management of journal title authority data and improving the DOI registration rate as ways to improve the identification and mapping rate. This study is differentiated from other studies in used database. Bibliography mapping was attempted for domestic and foreign integrated journal database that is mainly subscribed, used, published and cited in Korea. Through reference construction volume and mapping rate improvement, it can be used as citation analysis and service database reflecting domestic situation that is different from overseas citation index database.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.58-76
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• 2003

Background : Aim of this study is focused on the analysis of the needed abilities of medical representatives resulting in building up the market and increasing sales. It is to propose methods to increase this ability ensuring continuous growth in market share and profit. Methods : A survey was conducted between January 6 and May 31, 2003. Using SPSS(Version 10.0), the collected data was analyzed by Hotelling T2, factor analysis. Some hypotheses were selected to include the conclusion. Some questionnaires for physicians working in hospitals or clinics and the medical representatives working in a pharmaceutical company were created and asked to them to either prove or reject those hypotheses. The results were analyzed to find the primary factors that effect the interactions between physician and the medical representatives. These factors were also studied along with the theoretical research based on published references. Results : The results were as follows. The main reasons for the physician to meet with a medical representatives were collection of product informations needed for patient treatment and collection of informations on current medical issue and as well as personal interests. The main parameters by which physicians evaluate the medical representatives are human relationship including sincerity and manners and supply of accurate and unbiased information on products. Overall, the medical representatives' perception on the importance of medical knowledge and ability to deliver it are lower than that expected by physicians. Conclusion : Medical and pharmaceutical companies' environment are changed rapidly. And those changes forced medical representatives to set new roles and competency. In order to drive away from the past 'rule of thumb' and 'adaptation to circumstance', optimal method and systemic development to train and support the medical representatives should be quipped. They will help medical representatives to be specialists in medical knowledge and to understand the exact need of health care professions. Product competitiveness will be increased and eventually successful business can be achieved through it.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.511-521
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• 2007

It is very important that design based on preference of consumers who continuously change. Therefore, the method that can decide on the design concept which a consumer can prefer in future points of time that a design is released is necessary. There may be various ways to decide a design concept, but trend analysis is one of the best ways to be able to satisfy consumer preference. The purpose of this study is to provide a process that can give a direction of MP3 player design oriented consumer emotion. For the purpose, we considered about trend analysis as the ways that can present the design direction that can grasp a change of continuous preference, and a consumer can prefer with early bases in future points of time of a consumer. In this empirical research, we decided on design elements and levels of the elements after collecting 228 MP3 players released from 2000 to 2007, and carried out trend analysis through homogeneity analysis by SPSS program. In the result, we knew that future consumers also will regard emotional experience consumption as important. So, MP3 player design will be developed into consumer emotion-oriented design. We predict 4 trends for a future MP3 player design. 1. Development of high-priced MP3 player with various multimedia functions. 2. Development of MP3 player with basic functions. 3. Development of new convergence products with MP3 function. 4. Development of new MP3 player based on flash memory. If designers can infer a future MP3 player design from this design trend results, the probability that can occupy competitive advantage in their competitions will be high. Therefore this study can be useful.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.33 no.5_3
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• pp.763-771
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to review the background and purpose of the special issue on Theory of Environment Geospatial Information and Its Applications in Korean Journal of Remote Sensing. The significance of the paper was also discussed. Environmental information refers to environment related information (literature, statistics, images, etc.) in a comprehensive manner. Such environmental information as a local change or issue of the environment is defined as environmental spatial information by developing in a spatial form. Remote sensing data is very useful as direct or indirect data including environmental spatial information on wide-area and local environment. Various applications will be possible not only in the environmental field through several improvements. For this purpose, first, refining and scientificization of technology to build environmental spatial information could be performed. Second, the application field can be expanded by developing the concept and contents of existing environmental spatial information. The third method is continuous increase of the application of existing environmental spatial information. In this paper, the direction of development was examined that reflects recent changes of environmental spatial information such as conversion of data formats and integration with ICT (Information and Communications Technologies). In particular, the basic technology for the construction of environmental spatial information was reviewed through various papers. Through the studies related to the above, utilization of domestic environmental spatial information would be diversified. Also, the development of environment policy and efficient management of environmental factors could be possible.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.20
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• pp.119-140
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• 2009

It seems that security police's business to secure safety of state and citizens has existed since the mankind began to create a community. State was not fully responsible for such security business from the beginning. The business was carried out autonomously by the private sector for a long period. However, as the state system had been strengthened, the public sector absorbed the function. But in the modern society where various risks exist, safety of society could not be guaranteed only by public police. Accordingly, cooperation with the private sector is indispensable. In the limit of public police, autonomous organization of security companies and general citizens is expanding its scope. As a result, they should exercise partnership as a tripod to build social safety net. Security police failed to secure manpower exclusively responsible for security, despite various businesses and excessive mobilization. Accordingly, their professionalism and ability to cope with crisis are being questioned. In particular, efficiency of security police is becoming a more urgent issue in an era of international terrorism. Private sector can be classified into security companies and private autonomous organization. In case of security companies, the problem is quality and business ability of guards compared to a rapid external growth such as quantitative expansion and advancement into various businesses. In terms of pure private activity, the necessity of understanding of public police activity and conditions for organizational and continuous activity should be prepared. To tide over such problems and effectively achieve the common goal, changes in the method of employment, new establishment of security police department, and strengthening of professionalism and crisis management ability are necessary in the public police sector. In case of security companies, improvement of relations with public police through joint education, strengthening of business ability and activation of business cooperation through these matters are necessary. To maximize activity of pure private sector, it needs to establish reserve police, manage such private autonomous organization and bolster publicity with citizens.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.6-15
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate non-invasive behavioral pain assessment of dogs after surgery, and the analgesic effects of butorphanol after intestinal anastomosis in dogs. In this study, five dogs in the Control Group were anesthetized, but did not undergo surgery. Five dogs in the Analgesic Group were undergone intestinal anastomosis and treated with butorphanol. Five dogs in the Non-analgesic Group were also undergone intestinal anastomosis without analgesic treatment. The dogs in the Analgesic Group received butorphanol (0.4 mg/kg, IM) before and immediately after operation, while dogs in Control and Non-analgesic Groups received isovolumetric doses of sterile saline. The behavior of dogs were videotaped for 400 mins after anesthesia, during which time a researcher interacted with the dog once per each 80 mins. At each interaction, the researcher recorded behavioral pain score, using University of Melbourne Pain Scale. Interactive and non-interactive behaviors were observed and quantitated by a single observer using focal continuous sampling method. Vocalizations were obtained during 400 mins after anesthesia, and duration of call, intensity, pitch, 1-4 Formant were analyzed. Surgery affected an increasing of pain score. During interactions with researcher, greeting behaviors were decreased after surgery. Differences between Analgesic group given analgesic or that given a placebo drug were readily understood using quantitative behavioral measurements and vocalization. Significant difference between Analgesic group given butorphanol or that the given placebo drug was apparent(p< 0.05).