• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.49-59
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• 2020

Purpose: Online and social media and mobile shopping are increasing and companies are required to provide personal information in order to supplement the non-invasive characteristics of the channels. With the increased provision of personal information, consumers' personal and social concerns about the prevention of personal information infringement are also increasing, and in response, personal or opt-in marketing has emerged to compensate for reckless information abuse. Despite the background of this emergence, the existing prior studies are limited to ignoring the negative feelings of consumers in the real world, including only the net function and positive effect of the opt-in mail. Research design, data and methodology: The research framework was intended to utilize the impact of human marketing activities on consumer attitudes combined with positive and negative factors. Factors that positively affect attitudes toward permation marketing were presented, such as informality, and perceived risks were presented as negative impact factors. Also, based on previous prior research, the prior factors of opt-in marketing were to present the effect on purchase intent through the medium of attitude toward opt-in marketing. Results: In this study, we used the framework of a two factor theory to address positive and negative factors as a leading factor in the customer attitude toward opt-in mail advertising, and as a result, functionality and personalization have a positive effect on customer attitude and perceived risk have a negative impact on customer attitude. In addition, it was confirmed that the customer attitude formed this way affects the intention to purchase again. Conclusions: This study suggests that we have demonstrated that marketing, an opt-in marketing that has been recognized as part of marketing that is deployed after obtaining customer consent, has been applied without any other marketing methodology. E-mail advertising at this point also provides practical implications that the system safeguards are in place under an opt-in protocol or system, and that even if an e-mail advertisement is carried out, customers will need to look at the level of awareness about the risks, and suggests that they need to consider the customer's journey that could lead to purchase at the content level.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.21-37
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• 2022

The present study was carried out to evaluate the chemical properties of soil in relation to forest structure and composition at different altitudes (900-2,600 m asl) in a part of Western Himalaya. The composite soil samples were taken from three (viz. upper, middle and lower) depths. The soils of the whole study area were acidic in nature (pH=4.90-5.51). Contents of Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Carbon (C) and soil organic matter (SOM) showed much fluctuation during different seasons of year. Nitrogen content showed significant positive correlations with altitude (r=0.924, p<0.05) and different community parameters like species diversity (r=0.892, p<0.01) and species richness (r=0.941, p<0.05). Phosphorus exhibited direct correlations with carbon (r=0.637) while weak negative correlations with different community parameters like species richness & diversity, total basal cover (TBC), density and canopy cover. Carbon content and hence SOM showed direct correlations with Nitrogen (r=0.821, p<0.01); Phosphorus (r=0.637, ns) and Potassium (r=0.540, ns). But no significant relationship was observed between K content and species richness (p=0.30, r=-0.504); between K content and species diversity (p=0.14, r=-0.672); between P content and species diversity (p=0.29, r=-0.513) and species richness (p=0.23, r=-0.575). Among the different soil nutrients, only N showed a significant positive correlation with altitude while all others exhibited negative (but non-significant) correlation with it. The study revealed that the chemical properties affect and are reciprocally affected by forest structure and composition and that N rich soils of higher altitudes are best for the growth and development of forests.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.1-19
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• 2023

Despite the growing importance of video-based social media content, such as vlogs, as a marketing tool in the travel industry, there is limited research on the characteristics that enhance engagement among potential travelers. This study explores the influence of emotional valence in YouTube travel content on viewer engagement, specifically likes and comments. We analyzed 4,619 travel-related YouTube videos from eight popular tourist cities. Using negative binomial regression analysis, we found that both positive and negative emotions significantly influence the number of likes received. Videos with higher positive emotions as well as negative emotions receive more likes. However, when it comes to the number of comments, only negative emotions showed a significant positive influence, while positive emotions had no significant impact. These findings offer valuable insights for marketers seeking to optimize engagement strategies on YouTube, considering the unique nature of travel products. Further research into the effects of specific emotions on engagement is warranted to improve marketing strategies. This study highlights the powerful impact of emotions on viewer engagement in the context of social media, particularly on YouTube.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.27-48
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to investigate the middle-class housewives` experience of housing environment through their own cognitive expressions. Subjects were 18 housewives living in the apartments at Junggye-Dong, Seoul and Field survey method was used. Indepth interview technique with planned questionnaire was used. The contents of individual`s housing life history were recorded by means of a recording machine. Cognitive expressions of subjects ontheir experience of housing environment were analiyzed by Content Analysis. Subjects have respectively experienced various housing types. The housing experiences were classified by stimuli and respones. Stimuli were again classified by the factors and characteristics of housing environment, whereas responses were classified by types and directions. Negative experiences were more frequent than positive ones. Negative evaluations were appeared more frequently In such case as the existence of community facilities, interior structure, bathrooms, and heating systems. The positive emotional experiences appeared more frequently were the natural characteristic$ of outdoors. When all the contents were analyzed by housing types experienced, subjects negatively remembered community facilities in high-rise apartments, and positively outdoors in detached single houses including traditional houses, and negatively heating systems in low-rise apartments and tenement houses. These contents, especially positive and negative aspects of past experience. can be used as basic data to understand residents` reponses and to plan furture houses more desirable for them.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.497-525
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• 2017

This study verified whether university students of Gwangju and Jeollanam-do recall negative information like violence and death faster than positive information like democratic community about the May 18 Gwangju democratic movement in implicit dimension. University students of Gwangju responded faster when the May 18 combined with the pictures of negative content. However, university students of Jeollanam-do responded marginally faster when the May 18 combined with the pictures of positive content. In addition, the students performed implicit evaluation test towards the May 18. The students of Gwangju showed a slightly negative attitude towards the May 18, while the students of Jeollanam-do showed a positive attitude towards the May 18. This study acquires significance because it confirmed that university students of Gwangju have an implicit representation similar to trauma and a terrible feeling about the May 18.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.475-482
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• 1999

This study was carried out to prepare green tea by traditional roasting process, Kujeungkupo, and to determine its sensory characteristics. The carotenoid content in green tea was increased by roasting and reached 1,317 mg/100 g by Kujeungkupo. Of all carotenoids, the contents of lutein and $\beta$-carotene were 1,170 mg/100 g and 111.1 mg/100 g, respectively. The total cathechin content in green tea was 14.57 g/100 g after 9th roasting. The more the number of roasting the little contents of cathechin in green teas. Of all cathechin, epigallocathechingallate was the highest(6.80g/100 g) followed by epicathechingallte and epicathechin. total cholrophyll content was 141 mg/100 g of green tea. The free sugar content in Kujeungkupo green tea wet 2.18 g/100 g, of which sucrose comprised 46% (1.01 g/100 g). The color value ($\Delta$E) of Kujeungkupo green tea was 16.25. In sensory evaluation, sweet taste was the highest in green tea roasted 3 times and the flavor was best in that roasted 5 times. The sweet and astringent tastes of green tea had negative relationships with a and b values. The content of cathechin in green tea had a negative relationship with sweet taste and a positive relationship with astringent taste.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.726-729
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• 1995

We investigated the effects of Sm on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Fe-Co Alloy films prepared by a DC triode sputtering. The magnetostriction was found to be changed with the Sm content from positive to negative values, taking a zero magnetostriction was at about 3 at% Sm. The Sm content dependence of magnetostriction was explained by the formation of Sm enriched amorphous phase surrounding the main bcc (Fe,Co) crystalline phase, which was observed by a high resolution transmission electron microscopy.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.239-248
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• 1994

To study the relationship between certain hormones and metabolites and between hormones and milk yield during different stage of lactation, six lactating Karan Swiss cows and six Murrah buffaloes were maintained. Growth hormone, insulin, $T_3$, $T_4$, glucose, BHBA, NEFA and milk yield were studied. Highly negative relationship of growth hormone with insulin and triiodothyronine in cows and marginally negative in buffaloes suggest that insulin and triiodothyronine aid in the process of partitioning of nutrients towards milk production through reducing the demands of nutrients by peripheral tissue. The significant and negative correlation of growth hormone with dry matter intake in both the species suggest that the availability of nutrients from the digestive tract play a role in the regulation of growth hormone secretion. Positive relationship of growth hormone with non esterified fatty acids in both the species suggest that high growth hormone levels may result in fat mobilization and thereby increase the availability of energy precursors for milk synthesis. Insulin was negatively correlated with milk yield and lactose content and positively with milk fat and protein but the degree of relationship varied. In both the species the relationship between triiodothyronine and milk yield was negative and between thyroxine and milk yield was positive. However, it was significant only in cows and not in buffaloes. Thyroxine was positively correlated with beta-hydroxybutyrate and non-esterified fatty acids with milk yield in both the species.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.367-374
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• 2002

Electrical characteristics of crystalline polymer composites filled with nano-sized carbon black particle were studied. The developed composite system exhibited a typical positive temperature coefficient resistance (PTCR) characteristic, where the electrical resistance sharply increased at a specific temperature. The PTCR effect was sometimes followed by a negative temperature coefficient resistance (NTCR) feature with temperature, which seemingly caused by the coagulation of nano-sized carbon black particles in the excessive quantity. The PTCR temperature was controlled by the carbon black content and the external voltage. The change of electric conductivity was shown as a function of carbon black content, and the resistance was constant when the carbon black content was over 20 wt%. The room-temperature resistance was maintained by a repeated heating and cooling. The excellent PTCR characteristic was demonstrated by the low resistance in the initial stage and the instantaneous heating capability.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-17
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand a trend of esports in terms of gamers' and fans' perceptions toward esports using social big data. Research design, data, and methodology: In this study, researchers first selected keywords related to esports. Then a total of 10,138 buzz data created at twitter, Facebook, news media, blogs, café and community between November 10, 2022 and November 19, 2023 were collected and analyzed with 'Textom', a big data solution. Results: The results of this study were as follows. Firstly, the news data's main articles were about competitions hosted by local governments and policies to revitalize the gaming industry. Secondly, As a result of esports analysis using Textom, there was a lot of interest in the adoption of the Hangzhou Asian Games as an official event and various esports competitions. As a result of the sentiment analysis, the positive content was related to the development potential of the esports industry, and the negative content was a discussion about the fundamental problem of whether esports is truly a sport. Thirdly, As a result of analyzing social big data on esports and the Olympics, there was hope that it would be adopted as an official event in the Olympics due to its adoption as an official event in the Hangzhou Asian Games. Conclusions: There was a positive opinion that the adoption of esports as an official Olympic event had positive content that could improve the quality of the game, and a negative opinion that games with actions that violate the Olympic spirit, such as murder and assault, should not be adopted as an official Olympic event. Further implications were discussed.