• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.14-22
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study is developing the nursing information system which contains the core elements of nursing practice, the Nursing Minimum Data Set (NMDS) that should be collected and documented all the settings in which nursing care is provided. Method: The program was developed under the hospital information system by TCP/IP protocol and used NANDA, Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) to fill out the elements of NMDS. The Oracle was used as DBMS under the Windows 98 environment and Power Builder 5.0 was used as a program language. Results: This study developed linkage among the NANDA-NOC-NIC to facilitate choosing correct nursing diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes and stimulate nurses' critical thinking. Also the system developed includes nursing care sensitive patient outcomes, so nurses can actively involve in nursing effectiveness research by analyzing the data stored in the database or by making relational databases with other health care related databases. Conclusion: The program developed in this study ultimately can be used for the nursing research, policy development, reimbursement of nursing care, and calculating staffing and nursing skill mix by providing tool to describe and organize nursing practice and measure the nursing care effectiveness.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.425-430
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• 2002

This thesis is a study on behavior for anchorage zone in prestressed double T beam using strut-tie model. Stress conditions of Anchorage zone in prestressed double T beam are very disturbed because large concentrated forces act on relatively small areas. Hence, anchorage zone must be considered in Design of prestressed double T beam. If irrational design or irrational construction be conducted, that may lose stability in capacity as structure. In current design practice, certain parts of structure are designed with extreme accuracy, while anchorage zone in prestressed double T beam is designed using common sense, and experience. Therefore, it is generally very conservative. For that reason, logical, reasonable concept and accuracies are desired at design of anchorage zone in prestressed double T beam. Strut-tie method satisfies those desires. In this thesis, anchorage zone in prestressed double T beam is analyzed by considering prestressing forces. Strut-tie model is constructed based on principle stress trajectory obtained from 3D-finite element analysis in anchorage zone, and amounts of reinforcement be obtained. Results of analysis are compared with the way used in current design practice, and this thesis presents that strut-tie model can be an economical design than current design methods without losing the degree of safety.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.211-216
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• 2014

Construction of power plants and T&D facilities is so difficult because of the civil complaints and the additional cost according to the concerning field conditions. Therefore, various researches and methods have been considered to get solutions in the demand side and energy storage systems have been in the spotlight because of the various functions such as peak shaving, load shifting, and power system stabilizing, and so on. Residential small size batteries are considered in this paper and the economic analysis is carried out to evaluate the reasonable subsidy levels for the deployment of energy storage systems. Various economic parties are considered to find reasonable subsidy level comparing each other, which parties consist of utilities, participants and non-participants in general. The evaluation is based on California Standard Practice Test and the results are able to be used as subsidy guidelines.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.99-123
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• 2015

In this study, structural vulnerability of reinforced concrete moment resisting frames (RC-MRFs) by considering the Iran-specific characteristics is investigated to manage the earthquake risk in terms of multicomponent seismic excitations. Low and medium rise RC-MRFs, which constitute approximately 80-90% of the total buildings stock in Iran, are focused in this fragility-based assessment. The seismic design of 3-12 story RC-MRFs are carried out according to the Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings (Standard No. 2800), and the analytical models are formed accordingly in open source nonlinear platforms. Frame structures are categorized in three subclasses according to the specific characteristics of construction practice and the observed seismic performance after major earthquakes in Iran. Both far and near fields' ground motions have been considered in the fragility estimation. An optimal intensity measure (IM) called Sa, avg and beta probability distribution were used to obtain reliable fragility-based database for earthquake damage and loss estimation of RC buildings stock in urban areas of Iran. Nonlinear incremental dynamic analyses by means of lumped-parameter based structural models have been simulated and performed to extract the fragility curves. Approximate confidence bounds are developed to represent the epistemic uncertainties inherent in the fragility estimations. Consequently, it's shown that including vertical ground motion in the analysis is highly recommended for reliable seismic assessment of RC buildings.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.213-224
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to develop a web-based program on child health care, and to identify the effect of the program on knowledge of, attitudes towards child health care, and health care practice in staff of daycare centers. Methods: The program was developed through the processes of needs analysis, contents construction, design, development, and evaluation. After the program was developed, it was revised through feedback from 30 experts. To identify the effect of developed program, onegroup pretest-posttest design study was conducted with 64 staff members from 12 daycare centers in Korea. Results: The program was developed based on users' needs and consisted of five parts: health promotion, disease and symptoms management, oral health, injury and safety, sheets and forms. This study showed that the total score of staff who used the program was significantly higher in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and their health care practice compared with pretest score (p<.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that this Web-based program can contribute to the child health promotion as well as can provide the staff with the insightful child health information. Therefore, it is expected that this program will be applied to staff of other child care settings for children's health.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.31-42
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• 2019

The harsh economic conditions of Buddhist temples in late Joseon dynasty, and the prevalence of the Buddhānusmrti(念佛) practice, which is a practice of reciting Amita Buddha(阿彌陀佛), led Buddhist temples to organize the Buddhānusmrti association(念佛契) in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For the practices and the activities of organization, an architectural facility was required; thereby, many temples had a Yeombul-dang(念佛堂). However, only a few of the Yeombul-dang have survived and are known today. This research investigates the ways temples tried to acquire Yeombul-dang buildings during the period and their architecture characteristics by reviewing historical records and documentary works of literature. In this research, Yeombul-dang is found to have various types of building names and building forms. Different hall names such as Amitābha Hall(佛殿), Yosa(寮舍) and Daebang(大房) were used as Yeonbul-dang. The commonalities and differences in terms of building forms, spatial elements composition and layouts were found depending on how they were acquired. The Yeombul-dang were most commonly built as multi-complex buildings consisting of worshiping rooms and residential areas. Most of Yeombul-dang were located in the central areas of the temple site. On this basis, this research suggests the possibility that many Yeombul-dang is still being used under different names and for different purposes.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.211-220
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• 2012

The current 2002 Indonesian Seismic Code consists of prescriptive criteria that are intended to result in buildings capable of providing certain levels of performance. However, the actual performance capability of buildings is not assessed as part of the code procedures. Several analysis procedures are allowed, and the state of practice is to use the RSA with six-zone seismic map developed for 475-year earthquake. This code is being revised and will adopt many of the ASCE7-10 provisions and 2475-year earthquake for MCE. The growth of tall buildings compels engineers to look for more optimal lateral system. The use of RC core wall as single system has been adopted by very few engineering firms, which is allowed in the current code but will no longer be the case if the new one is in effect. Other innovative structural system such as core wall and outrigger is not addressed in the proposed new code. Engineers must then resort to NLRHA. Currently, one 50-story building under construction using RC core wall and outrigger has been designed with RSA and employing capacity design principles, then evaluated using NLRHA per TBI Guidelines. Based on the evaluation, the performance of the 50-story building generally still meets the criteria of the TBI Guidelines. The result of the case study is presented in this paper.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.375-378
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• 2007

The selection of the support system is an important design parameter in design and construction of the tunnel using the new Australian tunnel method. It is a common practice to select the support based on the rock mass grade, in which the rock mass is classified into five rock groups. The method is applicable if the characteristics of the rock mass are uniform in the direction of tunnel excavation. However, such case is seldom encountered in practice and not applicable when the properties vary along the longitudinal direction. This study performs comprehensive three dimensional finite difference analyses to investigate the ground deformation pattern for cases in which the rock mass properties change in the direction of the tunnel axis. The numerically calculated displacements at the tunnel crown show that the displacement is highly dependent on the stiffness contrast of the rock masses. The results strongly indicate the need to select the support type $0.5\sim1.0D$ before the rock mass boundary. The paper proposes a new guideline for selecting the support type based the results of the analyses.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.476-479
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• 2007

The selection of the support system is an important design parameter in design and construction of the tunnel using the new Australian tunnel method. It is a common practice to select the support based on the rock mass grade, in which the rock mass is classified into five rock groups. The method is applicable if the characteristics of the rock mass are uniform in the vertical direction. However, such case is seldom encountered in practice and not applicable when the properties vary along the vertical direction. This study performs comprehensive three dimensional finite difference analyses to investigate the ground deformation pattern for cases in which the rock mass properties change in the vertical direction of the tunnel axis. The numerically calculated displacements at the tunnel crown show that the displacement is highly dependent on the stiffness contrast of the rock masses. The results strongly indicate the need to select the support type $0.5{\sim}1.0D$(vertical direction) on the rock mass boundary. The paper proposes a new guideline for selecting the support type based the results of the analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the introduction and practice method of "an architectural agreement" for renewal of urban residential districts. To solve this theme, this paper is intened to consider the formative procedure and sustainable development of an architectural zone by mutual agreement focused on Aneyakouji district in the center of Kyoto city. The results of this study were as follows ; an Aneyakouji district organized "a society recollecting Aneyakouji district", conflicting between the preservation of the traditional residential context and the construction of high-rise mansion, attracted so many town meetings and various events, and contracted an architectural zone by mutual agreement on 2002, 7. And so this architectural agreement zone had been sustainedly developed, it is based on deep-rooted relationships, opening of events and meetings, and partnership of residents companies administrators professionals. We will introduce "an architectural agreement" considering the former contents such as the case study of Aneyakouji district.