• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.37-50
• /
• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the space planning of the Senior Center which was supplied recently in apartment complex, to activate the spaces suitable for the changes and needs of the elderly and to explore the complex functions as a community space where intergenerational exchanges are possible. In other words, we sought implications for the physical plan of the district as a community base space and searched for improvement plan. Methods: The survey was conducted by five large private sectors of construction, and 10 of them were built after 2010 in an urban area(Seoul). Literature review, data analysis, field survey and interview were used for the research method. Results: As a result, it was difficult to meet the demands of various elderly people in the space planning, program and operation mode at the current level. In particular, the Baby Boomer generation as an active silver generation will not use the Senior Center. Therefore, based on the results of the survey, we propose some of the following about the Senior Center in apartment complex. First, it is necessary to change the term "the Senior Center" as defined in Article 55-2 of the "Regulations on Housing Construction Standards, etc.". Second, the criteria for setting up the elderly complex space should be presented specifically. Third, it is necessary to secure financial resources in operation and management. Finally, it is necessary to support the residents' organization for community revitalization. Implication: Through the amendment of the laws, it will be possible for various generations to have opportunities to interact by activating the existing community spaces for seniors. It will also contribute to improving the community of apartment complexes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2022

This study aims to derive basic living service facility items in rural areas and construct related spatial data. To do this, a literature review on the laws and systems related to the residential environment and services in rural areas, rural spatial planning, and the 'Rural Convention' strategic plan reports for the Jeolla and Gyeongsang Region in 2021 was conducted. Primary data collection and review on the list of basic living service items in rural areas derived from the analysis were conducted. After data collection, 12 sectors and 44 types of rural basic living service items were derived; the data selection was carried out based on the clarity of the subject of data management, whether it was established nationwide, whether it was disclosed and provided, whether it was periodically updated, and whether it was an underlying law. Afterwards, data on the derived rural basic living service items were constructed. Afterwards, spatial data on the derived rural basic living service items were constructed. Because open data provided through various institutions were employed, data structure unification such as data attribute values and code names was needed, and abnormal data such as address errors and omissions were refined. After that, the data provided in text form was converted into spatial data through geocoding, and through comparative review of the distribution status of the converted data and the provided address, spatial data related to rural basic living services were finally constructed for about 540,000 cases. Finally, implications for data construction for diagnosing rural living areas were derived through the data collection and construction process. The derived implications include data unification, data update system establishment, the establishment of attribute values necessary for rural living area diagnosis and spatial planning, data establishment plan for facilities that provide various services, rural living area analysis method, and diagnostic index development. This study is meaningful in that it laid the foundation for data-based rural area diagnosis and rural planning, by selecting the basic rural living service items, and constructing spatial data on the selected items.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.525-531
• /
• 2021

The importance and utilization of underground spatial is increasing due to urban concentration. And so underground spatial information is being built. Because underground spatial information is an important NSDI (National Spatial Data Infrastructure), the accuracy and performance of underground spatial exploration devices used for construction are managed separately. In accordance with the laws and regulations related to spatial information, the government is conducting performance tests for underground facilities surveying equipment. The current performance test site mainly targets metal pipelines, and there is no absolute position surveying inspection system. In this study, test bed model for performance inspection of underground space exploration equipment was presented. The test bed presented in this study can be used as a test site to supplement the limitations of the existing domestic test bed and to verify the performance of the latest equipment.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2022

Since the beginning of the second Sino-Japanese war in 1937, the entire Korean Peninsula has entered a full-fledged wartime system. Japan enacted laws that strongly regulate the distribution of various resources for war, and the same was implemented in Joseon. In particular, as iron, copper, lead, tin, and aluminum were mobilized as raw materials for military supplies such as weapons, private distribution decreased significantly, which had a great impact on the construction industry. As the use of metal such as steel as building materials requires permission from the provincial governor, it has become difficult to supply and demand except for some military facilities. In addition, the Japanese Ministry of Commerce and Industry encouraged research and development and manufacturing to promote the so-called "substitute goods industry" to make up for the shortage of supplies. Products with improved performance through chemical treatment by injecting only a small amount of the same raw material than before or using alternative raw materials have been developed. It was intended to overcome the limitations of lack of raw materials through the chemical industry. In terms of building materials, various substitutes were produced due to the incorporation of petrochemicals and the use of synthetic resins. This trend continued even after the end of the war and served as one of the backgrounds for R&D and production of new materials without returning to the "substitute goods."

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.105-117
• /
• 2023

The recent global energy supply crisis has led to increased uncertainty in international energy markets. These market changes lead to a rise in global energy prices and development is expanding to the extreme cold regions (Arctic Circle) where undeveloped energy resources are abundantly stored. Arctic Circle has a special business environment such as natural environment, laws, institutions and culture, research on location evaluation of development areas is necessary in advance. In this study, the spatial information of Alberta, Canada, where non-traditional energy resource development activities have recently been active, was collected and analyzed. In addition, an optimal location evaluation model for resource development was developed using construction environment spatial information data and the reliability is verified by comparing and analyzing the existing resource development areas.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2017.10a
• /
• pp.138-145
• /
• 2017

As that experienced in other developing countries, Mongolia has already faced multilateral side issues for two decades due to economic growth that created Ger areas or internationally 'Slum', public housing and living conditions for low-income citizens, on the basis of rapid migration from rural areas to urban. Ger areas appear to be the main cause of environmental pollution problems and impending comfortable living conditions of the city's residents by covering more than half area of Ulaanbaatar city. Also, the spread of the Ger areas has many side issues such as prevention of urban development and unaesthetic. Most inhabitants of the areas are on low-incomes, and living in the detached houses or felt yurts (Ger) usually build within a low budget, by themselves or unprofessional people, and by using materials of poor quality. Therefore, Ger areas are an inevitable issue that requires effective, proper and immediate housing policy coordination under the government and even the housing market. Unfortunately housing policies, laws, and projects adopted by Mongolian government have shown inefficient results. The government housing policies, unlike other developing countries did not target low-income households' housing which is the priority issue for two decades. But only in 2014, the Long-term housing policy with the strategy for affordable housing initiated the housing policy for low-income households. This policy has five main broad directions such as redevelopment of Ger area, the land readjustment, public rental housing, new settlements and new city and reconstruction for old apartments, which are rather general and would require tremendous financial resources if each of the directions is implemented simultaneously without prioritization. Therefore this research aims to suggest the efficient and adequate housing policy direction for the low-income households in Ger area based on achievement of other developing countries' strategies, performances and generic characteristic with explanatory models. Also, this research adopts a literature analysis method that uses various research reports, related papers in domestic and international journals, and theses by experts, researchers, public institutions, and agencies.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2024

This paper was studied abouta technology for detecting damage to temporary works equipment used in construction sites with explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). Temporary works equipment is mostly composed of steel or aluminum, and it is reused several times due to the characters of the materials in temporary works equipment. However, it sometimes causes accidents at construction sites by using low or decreased quality of temporary works equipment because the regulation and restriction of reuse in them is not strict. Currently, safety rules such as related government laws, standards, and regulations for quality control of temporary works equipment have not been established. Additionally, the inspection results were often different according to the inspector's level of training. To overcome these limitations, a method based with AI and image processing technology was developed. In addition, it was devised by applying explainableartificial intelligence (XAI) technology so that the inspector makes more exact decision with resultsin damage detect with image analysis by the XAI which is a developed AI model for analysis of temporary works equipment. In the experiments, temporary works equipment was photographed with a 4k-quality camera, and the learned artificial intelligence model was trained with 610 labelingdata, and the accuracy was tested by analyzing the image recording data of temporary works equipment. As a result, the accuracy of damage detect by the XAI was 95.0% for the training dataset, 92.0% for the validation dataset, and 90.0% for the test dataset. This was shown aboutthe reliability of the performance of the developed artificial intelligence. It was verified for usability of explainable artificial intelligence to detect damage in temporary works equipment by the experiments. However, to improve the level of commercial software, the XAI need to be trained more by real data set and the ability to detect damage has to be kept or increased when the real data set is applied.

• Advances in nano research
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.231-249
• /
• 2024

When the amplitude of the vibrations is equivalent to that clearance, the vibrations for small amplitudes will really be significantly nonlinear. Nonlinearities will not be significant for amplitudes that are rather modest. Finally, nonlinearities will become crucial once again for big amplitudes. Therefore, the concrete panel system may experience a big amplitude in this work as a result of the high temperature. Based on the 3D modeling of the shell theory, the current work shows the influences of the von Kármán strain-displacement kinematic nonlinearity on the constitutive laws of the structure. The system's governing Equations in the nonlinear form are solved using Kronecker and Hadamard products, the discretization of Equations on the space domain, and Duffing-type Equations. Thermo-elasticity Equations. are used to represent the system's temperature. The harmonic solution technique for the displacement domain and the multiple-scale approach for the time domain are both covered in the section on solution procedures for solving nonlinear Equations. An effective data-driven solution is often utilized to predict how different systems would behave. The number of hidden layers and the learning rate are two hyperparameters for the network that are often chosen manually when required. Additionally, the data-driven method is offered for addressing the nonlinear vibration issue in order to reduce the computing cost of the current study. The conclusions of the present study may be validated by contrasting them with those of data-driven solutions and other published articles. The findings show that certain physical and geometrical characteristics have a significant effect on the existing concrete panel structure's susceptibility to temperature change and GPL weight fraction. For building construction industries, several useful recommendations for improving the thermo-mechanics' behavior of structural concrete panels are presented.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2012

In this study, the status of healthcare infrastructure in foreign countries was investigated for a Korean healthcare business planning to expand its business to these countries. Countries selected and surveyed are China, India, Indonesia, and the Middle East. When the surveyors visited the hospitals, the hospital facilities were investigated and medical professionals were interviewed to scrutinize the healthcare conditions in the hospitals. Also studied are healthcare related laws, trend of healthcare policies, hospital operations, medical staffing, and global healthcare service providers. Korea has expanded their overseas healthcare market only to small-sized hospitals and clinics. In order to keep up with global market expansion in the healthcare domain, strategic marketing is required. Especially, the most important key for overseas marketing is to make a synergizing system among hospitals, construction companies, medical equipment providers and IT solution providers. For the next step, the in-depth study will be conducted through real projects in the target countries per type of business.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.55-73
• /
• 2010

The thesis examines new innovation of various aspect to overcome lots of problems which come by when we execute simplification of trade procedure and administration fairly. Practical implications regarding the innovation of electronic trade infrastructure are as follows. First, it will propel the standardization of electronic trade section in the technical side and the construction atmosphere of international authentication system must be created. The work process should be redesigned in order to implement export-import procedures that meet the relevant standards. Second, the improvement of system for electronic process is necessary in the law and institutional aspect. In order to eliminate any obstacles to the trade procedure, clearer legal grounds regarding legitimate controls and minimum necessity must be established. Also, laws should be revised to admit mutual recognition among certification organizations, in lieu of international agreement-based mutual recognition between government. Third, the detailed improvement for the integration of the electronic trade infrastructure will be demanded. Additionally, user-centered quality management protocols should be established via connections with the systems already existing in governmental bodies. Fourth, various trade institution should harmonized and interconnected with other partners through mutual cooperation for standardization of operational system. A system which can monitor and remotely diagnose and resolve system errors should be established to provide tailor-made service and improve operational efficiency. At the same time, it is necessary to build a cooperative system to share information and promote comprehensive management for efficient operation.