• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.7 no.5
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 2007

Each year the amount of construction wastes increases at a rapid pace. Particularly, wastes from apartment housing projects that make up 89.14% of the total construction projects have increased about 48% as compared with those of the year 2000. Construction wastes are therefore rising as an issue related to environmental problems and disposal costs. And there are ongoing studies of the disposal, control and recycling of construction wastes. Mitigation measures for the wastes, however, have been a rare subject of research that focuses on waste-generating factors by activity during apartment housing projects. Given that, the purpose of this study was to categorize construction wastes by work type and to identify the factors causing wastes in order to reduce them. This study investigated the amount of the wastes from apartment housing constructions by activity as related to disposal costs, and examined causes in the ordering, transport, material management and construction stage, respectively. The analysis results will likely bring about expectation effects that help reduce the generation of the wastes by establishing action plans.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2008

On account of increasing interest of substantiality in these day, it is needed to make an effort to establish an environmentally sustainable production system for the construction works. Although practical affairs and researches are in progress to reduce and recycle construction wastes, as a result of a research, there are still obstructive factors on waste reduction and recycling which they don't interact efficiently between waste disposal process of the construction area and waste disposal company. As a plan to revitalize reduction and recycling of construction wastes, this research focuses on finding obstructive factors and giving solutions to reduce and recycle construction wastes which comes from construction process and construction industries. To meet the needs of the research, firstly relatively significant construction wastes (concrete, soil, brick, block, asphalt, plastic, lumber) were identified. On site level interviews with management of disposal companies and construction sites were conducted as well, focusing on typical waste disposal process. Throughout this interviews, obstructive factors were conducted. A result of the research, the authors suggest an improved approach on disposal and recycling for construction waste by prioritizing the identified factors and ranking the importance level of each factor. And, by identifying factors obstructing reduction and recycle of construction wastes, this research suggests improved disposal process of construction waste.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2008.10a
• /
• pp.259-266
• /
• 2008

In the past, MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) disposal was typically done by recycling, incineration, or landfilling. In South Korea prior to the late 1950's, land burial was usually accomplished by disposal in an open dump. Currently, with increasing concerns and environmental recognition, MSW disposal and landfilling is more restricted. MSW landfill facilities have been developed with certain design and construction specifications. However, these methods have a space for improvement. MSW landfill facilities follow a step wise approach of design, construction, operation and closure management after use in agreement with established environmental and sanitary standards. This study intends to give a technical guidance for installation and consideration of newly established MSW landfill facilities, and also provide an establishment and regular inspection of MSW landfill facilities.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.40-55
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyse whether the waste disposal volume level in the construction waste disposal industry makes a different effect on earnings management behaviour by size of the licensed storage capacity and by location of the waste disposal site. The empirical results of this study are as follows. First, the waste disposal volume significantly influences earnings management behavior. When it comes to the size of licensed storage capacity in the small-sized capacity firms, the smaller waste disposal volume firms make more aggressive earnings management by using discretionary accruals. On the other hand, in the large-sized capacity firms, more waste disposal volume firms report higher earnings by adjusting more discretionary accruals. Second, the effects of waste disposal volume on the earnings management show different pattern depending on the location of waste disposal site. When the firms are located in the non-capital regions, the smaller waste disposal volume firms report higher earnings by adjusting discretionary accruals as well as by using real activities earnings management. However, the firms located in the capital regions show more aggressive earnings management when they have higher waste disposal volume level.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2004

To validate the previous conceptual design of cover system, construction of the engineered barrier test facility is completed and the performance tests of the disposal cover system are conducted. The disposal test facility is composed of the multi-purpose working space, the six test cells and the disposal information space for the PR center. The dedicated detection system measures the water content, the temperature, the matric potential of each cover layer and the accumulated water volume of lateral drainage. Short-term experiments on the disposal cover layer using the artificial rainfall system are implemented. The sand drainage layer shows the satisfactory performance as intended in the design stage. The artificial rainfall does not affect the temperature of cover layers. It is investigated that high water infiltration of the artificial rainfall changes the matric potential in each cover layer. This facility is expected to increase the public information about the national radioactive waste disposal program and the effort for the safety of the planned disposal facility.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.35 no.5
• /
• pp.387-398
• /
• 2003

For reference human intrusion scenarios constructed in previous study, a probabilistic safety assessment to derive the radionuclide concentration limits for the low- and intermediate- level radioactive waste disposal facility is conducted. Statistical approach by the Latin Hypercube Sampling method is introduced and new assumptions about the disposal facility system are examined and discussed. In our previous study of deterministic approach, the post construction scenarios appeared as most limiting scenario to derive the radionuclide concentration limits. Whereas, in this statistical approach, the post drilling and the post construction scenarios are mutually competing for the scenario selection according to which radionuclides are more important in safety assessment context. Introduction of new assumption shows that the post drilling scenario can play an important role as the limiting scenario instead of the post-construction scenario. When we compare the concentration limits between the previous and this study, concentrations of radionuclides such as Nb-94, Cs-137 and alpha-emitting radionuclides show elevated values than the case of the previous study. Remaining radionuclides such as Sr-90, Tc-99 I-129, Ni-59 and Ni-63 show lower values than the case of the previous study.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2014

The repository for the disposal of LILW which is generated from nuclear power plants and industries is expected to be completed in 2014. For the disposal of LILW, it is important to secure a disposal facility itself, but it is also very important to establish a reasonable charging system which all shareholders are satisfied with. Korea's disposal fee for LILW is higher than other countries' fee, which is a burden to waste generators as well as the waste management organization. The partial reason for the high disposal fee is put on the high social and construction cost when compared with other countries. However the major reason is put on the excessive borrowing cost that is used for the construction of the LILW disposal facility. In this study, we proposed the way to reduce the excessive borrowing cost for sustainable project managements of LILW disposal by analyzing a cost structure.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.20 no.7
• /
• pp.90-102
• /
• 2015

To understand the hyrogeochemical variation of bedrock aquifer during underground space construction, various graphical methods including multiple-component plots and chemical trends were used to estimate the mixing rate between seawater and freshwater and to investigate the evolution of water quality. The water chemistry and mixing rate between fresh and sea waters, which are generally localized in the construction area (MW-7, in land), shows typical characteristics of freshwater that doesn’t affect its validity as seawater intrusion. Especially, the water chemistry of a MW-4 (coastline) was classified as Na-Cl type, Na-HCO₃ type, and Ca-Cl type due to the influence of the seawater intrusion. And hydrogeochemical and isotopic data show that local freshwater is subjected to geochemical processes, such as reverse ion-exchange. Throughout the Chadha’s diagrams, four different case histories with the temporal and spatial variation of groundwaters in the study area were proposed, which is recommended to interpret the hydrogeochemical reactions effectively.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.6
• /
• pp.561-574
• /
• 2006

This study presents the results of an economic analysis for a comparison of the single layer and double layer alternatives with respect to a HLW-repository. According to a cost analysis undertaken in the Korean case, the single layer option was the most economical alternative. The disposal unit cost was estimated to be 222 EUR/kgU. In order to estimate such a disposal cost, an estimation process was sought after the cost objects, cost drivers and economic indicators were taken into consideration. The disposal cost of spent fuel differs greatly from general product costs in the cost structure. Product costs consist of direct material costs and direct labor and manufacturing overhead costs, whereas the disposal cost is comprised of construction costs, operating costs and closure costs. In addition, the closure cost is required after a certain period of time elapses following the building of a repository.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.312-331
• /
• 2019

An offshore waste disposal facility refers to a landfill site for final landfilling of stabilized inorganic solid waste such as land and marine waste incineration materials, and the aim of such a facility is to solve the problem of insufficient waste disposal space on land and create and develop environmentally friendly marine spaces. The purpose of this study is to prepare guidelines for the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities, which reflect the need and importance of paying sufficient heed to environmental considerations from the initial stage of the project, in order to investigate, predict, and assess how such guidelines will affect the marine environment in relation to the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities, with the goal of minimizing the impact on and damage to the environment. For the purpose of this research, guidelines focusing on the construction of offshore waste disposal facilities were derived through an analysis of domestic cases and similar foreign cases and an assessment of their level of compliance with existing EIA guidelines through the operation of a discussion forum. In order to review the EIA report on similar cases in Korea, 17 EIA documents (2005~2016) for dredged soil dumping areas and ash ponds of thermal power plants were analyzed to investigate the status of marine organisms, marine physics, marine water quality, and marine sediment and to understand what types of problems can occur and what improvement measures can be taken. The purpose of these guidelines were to minimize damage to the marine environment by promoting EIA protocols in accordance with scientific and systematic procedures, to reduce the consultation period related to projects, to resolve social conflicts, and to reduce economic costs.