• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1999

This investigation was carried out to study morphological and chronological aspects of the development of the Harderian gland in the Mongolian gerbil(Meriones unguiculatus). Male and female Mongolian gerbils were sacrificed on days 1, 3, 5, 10, 30 and 60 after birth and their Harderian glands were processed for light microscopic observation. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. In 1-day-old Mongolian gerbil, Harderian gland was well distinguished from other tissue structures. It was composed of several immature tubules, and these tubules were separated each other by undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissues. 2. In 3-day and 5-day-old Mongolian gerbils, the arrangement of tubules in the gland was more condensed than that of 1-day-old Mongolian gerbil. The excretory ducts started to appear in the connective tissues located between lobes. 3. In 10-day-old Mongolian gerbil, small lipid vacuoles began to be found in the cytoplasm of the secretory cells of the Harderian gland. There were some mucus-secreting cells within the epithelium of the excretory duct found in the interlobar connective tissues. 4. In 30-day-old Mongolian gerbil, there was markedly increased number of the tubules in the glands. The epithelial cells of the tubules were typically columnar in shape. Most of the columnar epithelial cells contained many small lipid vacuoles, although a few cells contained large lipid vacuoles. 5. In 60-day-old Mongolian gerbil, the Harderian gland exhibited the typical structural characteristics of the adult gland. The mature glandular structures were more distinct than those of 30-day-old animals.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.479-493
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• 1997

There are various treatment methods including barrier membranes in attaining periodontal regeneration and regaining the function of destructed periodontal tissues due to periodontal disease. Barrier membranes consist of non-Resorbable and resorbable types such as Dura mater and $Guidor^{(R)}$ used in the treatment of intrabony defects and classII furcation defects have been shown to be effectively increased the amount of new bone and cementum.In our study we used premolars with class III furcation defects created by removing the bone 4mm apically from CEJ in adult dogs and placed resorbable membrane Dura mater and $Guidor^{(R)}$ for the test group and flap operation was carried out for the control groups. The effect of membrane on junctional epithelium, alveloar bone, cementum, and gingival connective tisssue in the regeneration and healing potential of periodontal tissues was evaluated and healing results were evaluated histologically and histometrically 8 weeks following the surgical procedure. 1. In the clinical observation, there was no exposure of furcation defects in the control group, whereas slight membrane exposure was noted in the test group. 2. New bone was formed up to the level of the notch in the control group, whereas in the test group new bone formation was observed above the level of the notch. 3. New cementum was formed in both groups of the experiment. 4. The connective tissue observed between the new cementum and new bone in the test group were functionally orientated, compared to the irregular formation of connective tissues found in the control group. 5. Root resorption or ankylosis was not observed in any of the groups 6. The mean and median of the control group were 4.31% and 2.23% and for the Dura mater group were 27.85% and 15.57% respectively. There was no significant difference between Dura mater and the control group. 7. The mean and median of the control group were 4.31% and 2.23% and for the $Guidor^{(R)}$ group were 37.27% and 37.19% respectively. There was a significant difference in these two groups(P$Guidor^{(R)}$ were 37.27% and 37.19%. There was no significant difference between the two test groups. Thus, by using Dura mater and Guidor in classIII furcation defects, the predictable amount of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone regeneration may result.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.102-111
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• 2021

Implant placement in the anterior region is performed in several stages, and harmonization of both hard and soft tissues is essential. In addition, adequate esthetic and functional evaluations are necessary in the process of transitioning from the provisional to the final prosthesis to attain patient satisfaction. Although gingiva can be molded in the anterior region, depression in the occlusal view can yield good results through the augmentation procedure. However, the harvesting of connective tissue from the palate is not suitable for various reasons, such as postoperative discomfort and intraoperative bleeding. Compared to the palatal area, the harvesting of connective tissue from the maxillary tuberosity can easily result in relatively thick tissue and quick healing of the donor site, thus proving to be a good modality for graft procedures. The purpose of this report is to examine the relevant evidence from previous studies and evaluate the process of soft tissue augmentation through a case presentation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.907-931
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to study of the effects of the bioglass and the natural coral on healing process of the alveolar bone defects. Three adult dogs aged 1 to 2 years were used in this study. Experimental alveolar bone defects were created surgically with surgical bur and bone chisel at the furcation area of the buccal surface of the right and left mandibular 3rd, 4th premolars. Twelve experimental alveolar bone defects were devided into four groups according to the type of graft materials. The groups were as follows : 1. flap operation with root planing & curettage(Negative control group) 2. flap operation with autogenous bone(Positive control group) 3. flap operation with bioglass(BG group) 4. flap operation with natural coral(NC group) At 2, 4, and 8 weeks, the dogs were serially sacrificed and specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. The defect areas were filled with granulation tissue at two weeks in negative control group. But in other groups, the appearance of connective tissues around graft materials were formed more densely and the response of inflammation by graft materials itself was not found. 2. In every control and experimental groups at two weeks, there was seen the accumulation of the formation of new bone trabeculae at the bottom of defects and gradually expanded toward the graft materials and in autogenous group there was slightly seen the formation of new cementum. 3. There was seen the erosion of central portion of bioglass particles at two weeks in BG group, and the erosion of the central portion was developed more progressively and was filled with bone-like tissues at eight weeks. 4. The natural coral particles were encapsulated by densely connective tissues and seen the formation of new bone tissues at four weeks and developed more new bone and cementum formation at eight weeks. From the results of this study, the bioglass and the natural coral may be biocompatible and have a weak adverse reaction to the periodontal tissues.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.263-268
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• 1997

Gelatin is a high molecular weight polypeptide derived fro mcollgen, theprimary protein component of animal connective tissues, which include bone, skin and tendon. Gelatin is usually produced from two different sources of raw materials (skins or bones) which are processed in two ways(line or acid). According to this pretreatment, gelatin can be divided into elatin type A(acid) and B(lime). The market is essentially driven by thre demand sectors: food, harmaceuticals(capsules) and photography. Although there is some potential threat in the photography sector, the oher tow sectors are well placed for futher growth.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.149-158
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• 2020

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are emerging as an attractive option for osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint, due to their marked disease-modifying ability and chondrogenic potential. MSCs can be isolated from various organ tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, synovium, umbilical cord blood, and articular cartilage with similar phenotypic characteristics but different proliferation and differentiation potentials. They can be differentiated into a variety of connective tissues such as bone, adipose tissue, cartilage, intervertebral discs, ligaments, and muscles. Although several studies have reported on the clinical efficacy of MSCs in knee OA, the results lack consistency. Furthermore, there is no consensus regarding the proper cell dosage and application method to achieve the optimal effect of stem cells. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the characteristics of various type of stem cells in knee OA, especially MSCs. Moreover, we summarize the clinical issues faced during the application of MSCs.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.229-235
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• 1994

The hemal nodes of the Korean native cattle were studied by gross anatomy and light microscopy. Hemal nodes were spherical or ovoid in shape, and red or black in colors. A hemal node consisted of a thick capsule and a hilum, and had extensive subcapsular and deep sinuses distended by a great number of erythrocytes. Although a few lymphatic nodules and tissues were seen in the parenchyma, no typical cortex and medulla was defined. Blood vessels occurred, but lymph vessel was not observed in nodes. The stroma of the hemal node was composed of reticular cells and fibers. The parenchyma consisted of many erythrocytes and lymphocytes, and a few macrophages and megakaryocytes. The capsule and trabecula was a collagenous connective tissue with smooth muscle cells. B-lymphocytes were principally located in the lymphatic nodules of the hemal node. T-lymphocytes were scattered in the diffuse lymphatic tissues of the hemal node.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.292-300
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• 1987

The ultrastructure of the tentacular pigment cells and the origin of the pigment granules in the Chinese mystery snail, Cipangopaludina chinensis malleata Reeve, are studied with electron microscope. Tentacular pigment cells of the Enail are the melanophores which contain electron dense melanosomes(melanin pigment granules) . Melanophores are distributed among the connective tissues but otter kind of dermal chromatephores are not observed. The epidermal melanin units are observed in the epithelial tissues of the tentacles. Among the several kinds of epithelial cells, only the epithelial supporting cells contain these pigment granules. Synthesis of the pigment materials is from the rough ER and pigment granules are finally being packaged and released by the Golgi complexes but limiting membrane of these granules are presumed to be originated from the smooth ER.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.352-357
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• 2017

Teeth are made up of three hard tissues, enamel, dentin, and cementum. The dental pulp is the only non-mineralized connective tooth tissue that is surrounded by dentin. The dentin-pulp complex is able to respond to injury by producing hard tissue deposition. However, dentin is considered one of the most difficult tissues to regenerate because of its unique anatomic and physiologic nature. Recently, advances in understanding the applicability of bio-active dentin regenerating proteins are emerging with the development of biological-based therapies using bio-active materials. Dentin defects were regenerated by the deposition of tubular physiologic dentin after application of the bio-active protein in a beagle dog model. Therefore, the bio-active protein may be able to serve as a novel dentin regenerating material and improve symptoms of dentin hypersensitivity.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.200-207
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• 2021

In case of gingival recession and alveolar bone defects due to tooth loss for a long period of time in a single tooth in the maxillary anterior region, it is not easy to obtain aesthetic results with a single implant prosthesis. For aesthetic restoration, it is important to preserve hard and soft tissues through alveolar bone augmentation as well as restore harmony with adjacent teeth and soft tissues by placing the implant in an ideal location. In this case, an implant was placed using guided bone regeneration and a connective tissue graft simultaneously with immediate implantation after extraction from the maxillary anterior region where only residual root was left for a long period of time.