• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.215-228
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• 2017

최근 세계의 많은 항구도시들은 시대 흐름에 따른 산업구조의 변화 등으로 인해 기존의 항만공간에 대한 의의가 보다 복합적으로 변화하고 있다. 그러나 국내 항만공간의 경우 이러한 시대흐름에 발빠르게 호응하지 못하고 있으며, 일부 시행되고 있는 개발은 대규모 항만공간에만 집중이 되고 있는 실정이다. 또한 항만공간과 항만배후지역간의 공간적, 심리적 단절감이 강해 전체적으로 조화를 이룬 항만공간의 계획이 불가능한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 국내의 항만공간은 항만공간만의 고유한 장소성과 특이성을 충분히 반영하지 못하고, 배후지역과의 조화를 이룬 계획이 시행되는데 많은 한계점이 있다고 판단하였다. 이에 FBCs를 활용하여 항만배후지역과 항만지역의 이질적 공간 간 연계성을 강화하여 항만공간 전체가 조화를 이루는 도시계획적 접근방향성을 제시하고자 하였다. FBCs란, 해당 공간만의 특성 즉, 장소성과 고유성을 반영하고, 보행자 중심의 공간 계획, 그에 따른 안전성 확보, 공공공간의 활용 등을 위해 미국에서 제시되고, 실행되고 있는 제도적 장치이며, 아직까지 국내에는 도입되어 있지 않다.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.325-340
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• 2001

본 연구는 효율성 있는 지형공간정보(Geo-spatial data)를 구축하기 위하여 공간정보를 3차원화 하고, 이것을 데이터베이스화하여 효율적으로 활용하기 위한 각종응용 프로그램의 개발과 유지관리를 위한 방안모색, 응용기술개발 등에 대하여 현재진행중인 「해운대구 3차원 공간 데이터베이스 구축사업」을 중심으로 분석·종합하였다. 지리정보(Geographic Information)데이터의 획득과 효율성 있는 구축을 위한 기술개발은 향후 GIS의 질적 신용도를 판가름하는 핵심이라고 볼 수 있다. 특히, 그 중에서도 공간자료(Spatial Data)의 오차한계를 극복하고 보다 정밀한 데이터를 생성하기 위한 연구는 그 무엇보다 중요하다. 지리정보시스템(Geographic Information System)의 효율적 구현을 위하여 추구하는 공간자료의 최종 결정체는 현실과 똑같은 개념과 수치, 속성정보(Attribute Data)를 가지고 있는 3차원 공간자료의 구축이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 맥락에서 효율성 높은 공간자료의 구축기술이 개발되어 전 국토를 디지털화 하여 컴퓨터 안의 가상공간(Cyber Space)에서 국토를 체계적으로 관리하고 공공기관의 행정업무와 대민 서비스업무처리, 기업의 경제활동, 국민의 일상생활까지 담을 수 있는 국토시뮬레이션 공간구축을 목표로 「사이버 도시」계획을 진행하고 있다. 향후 「사이버 도시」구축의 조기실현을 통하여 효율적인 GIS 실현과 기술강국으로서의 입지를 확보하고 나아가 선진 기술수출로 해외시장을 개척해 갈 수 있는 발판을 마련해야 한다.

• 인문언어
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.123-139
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• 2001

In the history of linguistics in the world the scholars in India could be regarded as the representative linguists, who had provided the cornerstone of the academic development at linguistics. Without looking into the contents of Indian linguistic theories devised and developed in the past it would be almost impossible to account for the origin of descriptive linguistics and historical linguistics. These linguistics trends became full-fledged in 19 and 20 century and are still accepted by a lot of researchers in order to analyze newly revealed languages and train students only coming up the toddling level of linguistic studies. In this paper I will show how far the influence of Indian linguistics has colored the flow of linguistic growth historically. Especially through the analysis of Panini grammar I will prove the intimate relationship between the Indian linguistic theory and the generative grammar - it is the most active theory at present. The methods that Panini applied to constitute the rules like sutra include lots of information, that also could be discovered at the rules postulated in the generative grammar. One of the common features found at both linguistic theories is the simplicity of rule representation. At the generative grammar a rule has to be established without any redundancy. When certain number of sounds like p, b, m show the same phonological. change relevant to lips (labial in linguistic term) different rules need not to be given for each sound separately. It is better to find a way of putting the sounds together in a rule with grouping the 3 sounds with the shared phonetic feature 'labial'. In Panini grammar the form of a rule was decided based on the simplicity, too. For example, sutra 6.1.77 shows the phonological connection between the vowels i, u r 1 and the semi-vowels y, v, r, 1. However, it does not require to postulate 4 individual rules respectively. Instead a rule in which the vowels and the semi-vowels are involved is suggested, and linguistically the rule make it clear that the more simpler the rules will be the better they can reflect the efficiency of human language acquisition. Although the systems introduced at Panini grammar have some sense of distance from the language education itself we cannot deny the fact that the grammar formulates the a turning point of linguistic development. It is essential for us to think over the grammar from the view point of the modem linguistic theories to understand their root and trunk more thoroughly. It will also help us to predict in which way linguistic tendency will proceed to in future.

• 인문언어
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.47-63
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• 2001

"A Variation of Love" is a characteristic Kim Soo-Young poem, in that it embodies the poet′s innovative use of language and proceeds speedily, like many of his other poems. Above all, the poem reveals the core of Kim′s poetical spirit, his speculation about love. The poem is difficult to understand because it broadly uses run-on lines and even run-on stanzas, a technique that many readers are unfamiliar with. The semiological approach of this paper will bring new light on the poem by restructuring the relationship between signs, that is, by taking apart the sign system of the original text and reconstructing its sentence structure. If we rearrange the poem from its original six stanzas and fifty-one lines to four stanzas and twenty-three lines, we will discover a close connection between stanzas 1 and 2, and between stanzas 3 and 4. Of the many keywords of the poem, we may establish the dominant word as "love," into which every poetic word converges and from which each word emanates. Another important keyword is "fatigue of the city" in stanza 4. Similarly negative aspects of the city may be found in the line "the same may be said of Bombay, of New York, of Seoul" in stanza 3, as well as in the words "desire" in combination with "the lamplights of Seoul like leftovers in the pig sty" in stanza 1. The persona of the poem tries to overcome the "fatigue of the city" by "love," but the way he realizes love is, somewhat peculiarly, through stillness and silence. The persona aligns "the stones of the peach and the apricot and the dried persimmon" with the his faith in love. He calls the stones "beautiful hardness" presumably because that hardness (the stillness and silence) may blossom into beauty. In the earlier stanzas, the persona′s quest for love results in an awareness that love is omnipresent, but the persona determines "not to shout it out loud." The reason for this determination is found in stanza 4. Those who experience the "fatigue of the city" will be able to realize it by themselves. This seemingly defeatist conclusion by no means suggest pessimism, for the persona holds the conviction that "there will come a day when [one] will rave for love." This conviction rescues the poem from the dismal mood suggested by the "fatigue of the city." At all events, it is important to note that the "fatigue of the city" should not be considered apart from "love." Yet, strangely enough, the poem embodies a severe critique of the city, and further investigation is necessary in order to clarify why this critique appears in the form of "love." But this will be the treated in another paper.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.497-511
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a school-centered healthy eating environment for children in elementary care classrooms and prevent incorrect eating habits and obesity through the development and application of standardized healthy eating habit-forming educational materials. Methods: Ten schools in eight districts of Gyeonggi-do and 400 students from 19 care classes were selected. Based on the developed educational materials, the program was applied to students once in two weeks. 'Notices for Parents' forms were also sent to the students' home to educate their parents. Pre and post-surveys were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the education. The pre-education, education, and aftercare were conducted from September 28 to September 31, 2016, from October 3 to November 30, 2016, and from December 5 to December 9, 2016, respectively. Results: The healthy eating program for elementary care classes was designed to develop a school-centered healthy eating environment and provide standardized educational material for healthy eating habits. Twelve educational topics were developed: , , , , , , , , , , , and . Moreover, the materials were produced in four forms: for students, for after school caring teachers, for external specialists, and for parents. The effectiveness evaluation was conducted to confirm the application of the program. The average eating habits score was 3.3 ± 0.6, with no significant difference between before and after application. The score of overall satisfaction of the education was 3.9 ± 0.9. The most satisfying content was 'Did you get to know how to eat evenly?'. Significant increases were observed in two contents for parents regarding their children's knowledge changes after the education: 'Five nutrients needed for growing children' and 'Knowing sugar foods and sugar-containing foods'. On the other hand, their educational satisfaction was 3.6 ± 0.6, which was lower than the children's satisfaction. This might be because their education was conducted only through the 'Notices for Parents' form. Conclusions: In the long term, the healthy eating habit-formation education for lower elementary school children is expected to be beneficial. To prevent obesity and establish healthy eating habits of children, it is important to develop healthy eating education programs centered on elementary school aftercare classes, including the development of educational materials and an application system through connection with the home and community.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제7권
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• pp.401-426
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• 2001

The form of company divides private and coporate companies. In general. private company has direct connection with owner's fortunes. On the contrary, cooperate company is established by a group of people who invest capital funds on their company and has an independent character. In the case of private company, their are many merits that owner can obtain all the benefits without divisions. However, the owner can mix up the control of accounting between public and private matters. As a result confusing, it is difficult to estimate financial situation of company and is limited to fund supply. Futhermore, owner has unlimited liabilities with law credit as a social cognition. Especially, the government tries to induce conversion of private company into cooperation one on the basis of benefits of tax and so on. In those situations, the purpose of this thesis is to study the management benefits with the conversion of private company into cooperate one focucing on the related tax reduction effect. To do this, I have reviewed all of the related textual achievements and tested the real significancy of tax reduction effect of conversion empirically. Finally, I have concluded that the conversion of private company into coporate one has many benefits including significant tax reduction effect. In other side, I have considered and reviewed many difficulties related conversion privated company into cooperate one and suggested some improvements as results. This thesis is comprises 5 chapters as follows; The first chapter explains purposes and methodologies and extents of this study. The second chapter deals the theoretical basis of conversion of private company into cooperate one and cooperates diverse benefits and types and processes of conversion. The preceding research achievements are also reviewed in this chapter. The third chapter deals empirical testing on the real tax reduction effect of the conversion. The analysis is proceeded through t-test of difference of tax between pre and after conversion. The result is presented so positively that I can conclude that cooperate conversion of private company has real benefit of tax reduction. The forth chapter deals the difficulties and improvements related with conversion. They are considered and reviewed at various aspects such as practical, financial and tax aspect. In fifth chapter, I summarise all of the significant points of this study and have conclusions in various aspects at last. In final point, this study is not enough in sample numbers and sample collecting area for empirical testing of significant tax reduction effect of cooperate conversion and research of more foreign achievements. Those are remained as continuing future studies.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.265-290
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 과학영재학생들의 내적 및 관계적 요소가 상호작용에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 달의 위상변화와 출몰 시각 변화에 대하여 사회적 공동구성과 과학적 모델링을 강조한 수업에서 나타나는 과학 영재학생들의 상호작용에서의 역할을 분석하고 유형별로 범주화하였으며, 선행 연구를 바탕으로 도출한 성격유형 자아개념 친구관계 부모관계 교사관계의 5가지 요소를 설문지와 심층 인터뷰를 통해 파악한 뒤 상호작용의 양상과 학생들에게서 나타난 각 요소의 연관성을 파악하였다. 분석 결과, 평소 친구와의 친밀도와 학교수업 참여도가 상호작용과 연관성이 높은 요소로 나타났으며 성격유형이나 자아개념, 부모관계의 영향은 상대적으로 적었다. 본 연구를 통해 학생들의 상호작용을 활발하게 만들기 위해서는 개인 내부의 다양한 요인까지 고려해야 하며, 이를 위해 필요한 전략도 간접적으로 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.107-116
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• 1994

원형질체 융합으로 주름버섯목 느타리버섯과 민주름버섯목 잔나비걸상버섯과의 이목간 체세포잡종을 36균주 얻어 꺽쇠연결체 clamp connections있는 2균주와 꺽쇠연결체 없는 3균주의 자실체를 형성하였다. 꺽쇠연결체 없는 융합주는 한천배지나 액체배지에서는 자실체를 얻을 수 없었다. 그러나 톱밥배지에서 균사가 완전히 성장한 후 일정한 광과 온도를 유지한 결과 꺽쇠연결체가 있는 균사가 새로이 성장하였으며 거의 완전하게 다시 성장한 후 원기가 유도되고 자실체가 성숙하였다. 버섯자실체 특성은 느타리버섯과 유사하였으며, 갓 색택은 느타리와는 다소 다르게 나타났다. 3균주의 담자포자로 유전형질의 분리와 유전자재조합을 조사한 결과 꺽쇠연결체 있는 2균주는 비정상적인 분리 현상을 보였는데, 양친에 없는 ane, rib, ane rib 표지를 가진 것이 나타났다. 3종류의 random primer를 이용하여 핵산 연쇄 중합반응 polymerase chain reaction(PCR)에 의한 4개 체세포잡종의 염색체 DNA의 다형화현상을 조사한 결과 느타리친과 유사한 양상을 가졌으나 비양친의 밴드를 나타내었으며 primer #87, #125의 1.2kbp, 0.6kbp에서 각각 뚜렷하게 구분되었다. 4개 체세포잡종의 미토콘드리아 DNA의 제한효소 EcoR1과 HindIII의 절단결과 2균주는 느타리와 동일하였으며 2균주는 양친과 다른 양상을 나타내었다. 원형질체 융합주, 융합주 자실체로부터의 조직배양주, 융합주의 담자포자 발아주, 양친주를 포함하여 총16균주를 등전점 전기영동으로 동위효소 esterase를 분석한 결과 융합주 6균주중 5균주는 느타리와 유사하였으며 1균주는 양친과 전혀 다른 새로운 밴드양상으로 이들 모두 양친과 뚜렷이 구분되었다. 융합주와 자실체 조직배양주는 밴드양상이 거의 유사하였으나 $F^2$는 다소 차이가 나타났다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.389-398
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• 2000

The work of visiting nursing personnel consists mostly of direct nursing and it is absolutely necessary that training of the nursing personnel for infection control be emphasized because most of patients are composed of elderly people with chronic diseases and malnutrition who are highly susceptible to infection. Accordingly. this study was designed to provide basic data for the development of an infection control program in public health centers as well as the promotion of perception and performance of infection control by analysing the perception of importance and performance in the infection control of visiting nursing personnel who carry out visiting nursing services. The subjects of this study consisted of a number of visiting nursing personnel working for 15 public health centers. 15 health-center branches. and 16 health clinics. The collection of data was grounded on a questionnaire method. The questionnaire breaks down to 8 questions about general characteristics and 108 questions in connection with the perception and performance of infection control. The results of this study are as follows: 1. 82 subjects (78.1%) responded that it is necessary to control infection. 79 subjects(75.3%) responded that education is necessary for infection control. 50 respondents (47.6%) answered in the affirmative in regard to the role of infection carriers. 2. The mean score for the perception of importance in infection control was 4.55 and that performance accounts for 4.03. this turns out to be very high. 3. In terms of the perception of importance per each field of infection control. medication. the management of contamination and sterilization, the control of environments and instruments. washing hands and individual hygiene as well as the prevention of cross-infection and the supervision of infection stand at 4.72. 4.64. 4.60. 4.58. 4.52 and 4.21 respectively. In terms of performance. the supervision of infection. the control of environments and instruments, individual hygiene and the prevention of cross infection. medication. washing hands, and the management of contamination and sterilization was 4.21. 4.12. 4.10. 4.03. 3.91 and 3.81 respectively. 4. In terms of the correlation between the perception of importance and the performance of infection control. the score stands high in all fields: this means the high perception of importance leads to high performance statistically (P< .05). 5. In terms of the perception of importance in general characteristics. there is no significant difference while the form of working places. working career and the career as visiting nursing personnel show a significant difference in terms of performance(P< .05). From the results. it is suggested that the visiting nursing personnel should be constantly educated with the aid of the development of infection control programs and that instructions and instruments for the management of infection should be worked out so as to enhance the performance of infection control on the part of nurses in applicable communities.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권7호
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• pp.1804-1820
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• 1997

본 논문에서는 마이크로셀이나 피코셀과 같은 아주 작은 규모의 셀 영역 범위를 사용하는 차세대 무선 ATM 환경에서 효과적으로 이용될 수 있는 호제어절차 방식을 제시하고 개방형 큐잉 네트워크를 사용해 이의 성능분석을 행한다. 셀집단화 방식이라고 불리는 이 호제어절차는 단말의 이동성을 고려하여 새로운 호가 망 내로 수락될 때 단말이 이동할 확률이 높은 이웃한 물리적인 마이크로셀이나 피코셀들을 집합으로 모아서 지역적으로 매크로셀 정도로 넓은 영역을 담당하는 가상셀을 만들어 주는 방식으로, 높은 주파수 재사용 효율을 보장받으면서도 핸드오버에 따른 호제어절차의 개입을 줄일 수 있다는 장점을 지니고 있다. 그러나 셀집단화 방식에서는 일단 새로운 호가 가상셀 내의 영역으로 수락되고나면 제약없이 기지국 사이를 핸드오버하여 셀집단 내의 한 기지국에 집중하여 과부화 현상을 초래한다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 셀집단화 방식이 사용하는 호수락제어의 판별기준으로서 기지국의 과부하 확률과 기지국이 과부하 상태에 머무르는 평균시간을 정의하고, 셀 집단 내에 존재할 수 있는 전체 통화호의 수를 일정한 값 이하로 제한할 경우와 그렇지 않을 경우를 비교하여 성능분석을 행하고 수치 결과를 보임으로써 셀집단화 방식의 효율성을 살펴본다.