• Korean Journal of Play Therapy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.491-507
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to validate the Play Participation Attitude Scale for parents of preschoolers, which was developed by the Delphi survey. 447 parents of 9 daycare centers in Seoul and Incheon were recruited for this study and, finally, data from 339 parents were used to perform exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and reliability analysis. The results of the study are as follows. First, factor analyses revealed that the global fit of the sensitively play (7 items), responsively play (6 items), and delightfully play(7 items) three-factor model was good. Second, the internal consistency of the Play Participation Attitude Scale was good. Third, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the current scale and the parents' playfulness scale, indicating concurrent validity. Finally, higher scores of the Play Participation Attitude Scale and its three factors significantly predicted lower scores of parenting stress and higher scores of the preschoolers' self-control ability. These findings revealed that this new measure to be both valid and reliable and specifically suggests what kind of attitude is appropriate for parents to adopt when participating in preschoolers' play.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.153-167
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• 2020

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine whether social value-related expenditures can be recognized as intangible assets in financial statements. Design/methodology/approach - This study examined social values defined in the economic and management fields and analyzed whether the social values have the characteristics of intangible assets. For this, the general definition of social value was derived from the concept of social value covered in previous studies. Next, we reviewed the definitions and recognition requirements for intangible assets under the current accounting standards. Based on this, we tried to suggest new criteria and disclosure methods for reporting social value-related expenditures that are not currently reported in financial statements as intangible assets in the financial statements and notes. Findings - First, as a criterion for recognizing social value-related expenditure as an intangible asset, we propose a relationship between social value-related expenditure and enterprise value. Where social value-related expenditures have a statistically significant positive impact on corporate value, they are recognized as intangible assets. If social value-related expenditures have a statistically significant negative influence on business value, or the impact of social value-related expenditures on the enterprise value is not statistically significant, it is not recognized as asset. Second, new disclosure plans are proposed according to the combination of intangible assets by category and the relevance of enterprise value. After dividing social value-related expenditures into separate intangible asset categories, if social value-related expenditures have a statistically significant positive impact on corporate value, they are recognized as intangible assets in the financial statements. If expenditures have a statistically significant negative impact on business value, they should be recorded as essential notes. Finally, if the impact of social value-related expenditure on corporate value is not statistically significant, it should be listed as a supplement. Research implications or Originality - This study contributes to the concurrent research in that it is a priori study on whether social value-related expenditure can be recognized as an asset. This study suggests that the economic effect of social expenditure can be recognized in corporate financial statements, thereby providing companies with justification and effectiveness of social value-related expenditure.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.111-158
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• 2018

This paper pays attention to the recent increase of young Koreans working in the low-skilled service sector in Singapore. Such rapid increase largely results from the Korean government's initiatives to promote labour migration of young people and the concurrent proliferation of migration agencies, against the background of growing youth unemployment in South Korea. By exploring the motivations and trajectories of young people's labour migration to Singapore, this study examines to what extent they think their expectations have been met and how they interpret their migration and work experiences. There has been little research that examines the actual voices of young migrants as part of migration studies, whilst the majority of previous research focuses on the evaluation of government support programmes based on job matching rates, surveys of participant satisfaction and etc. Young people who went to Singapore to improve their English language skills and qualifications for future employment in Korea have become frustrated due to low-skilled service jobs that consist of low pay and high labour intensity. Their credentials are devalued and they experience deskilling through this migration process. Most of them were discontent with the Korean migration agencies they used and critical about programmes offered by government institutions and universities/colleges. Despite being subject to deskilling, they did try to actively cope or resist this situation. This study focuses on the various ways these migrants attempted to manage the gap between their initial expectations and reality. It also demonstrates how these migrants interpreted their work experiences after returning to Korea: whilst most of them did not cash off their Singapore work experience for a decent job after returning to Korea, they did not define their experience as a complete failure. Adding to cultural, social capital they gained through this experience, they acquired 'mobility capital' which includes confidence, the desire to move, and capacity to control one's own movement.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1392-1402
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• 2021

Objective: The growth rate of pigs is related to differentiation and proliferation of muscle cells, which are regulated by growth factors and expression of growth-related genes. Thus, the objective of this study was to establish optimal culture conditions for Jeju black pig (JBP) muscle cells and determine the relationship of various factors involved in muscle growth with the proliferation of JBP muscle cells. Methods: Muscles were taken from the femur skeletal muscle of JBP embryos. After isolation of the muscle cells, cells were cultured in a 6-well plate under four different culture conditions to optimize culture conditions for JBP muscle cells. To analyze proliferation rate of JBP muscle cells, these muscle cells were seeded into 6-well plates at a density of 1.5×10⁵ cells per well and cultured for 3 days. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were applied to verify the myogenic differentiation 1 (MyoD) expression and growth-related gene expression in JBP muscle cells, respectively. Results: We established a muscle cell line from JBP embryos and optimized its culture conditions. These muscle cells were positive for MyoD, but not for paired box 7. The proliferation rate of these muscle cells was significantly higher in a culture medium containing bFGF and epidermal growth factor + basic fibroblast growth factor (EGF+bFGF) than that without a growth factor or containing EGF alone. Treatment with EGF and bFGF significantly induced the expression of MyoD protein, an important transcription factor in muscle cells. Moreover, we checked the changes of expression of growth-related genes in JBP muscle cells by presence or absence of growth factors. Expression level of collagen type XXI alpha 1 gene was changed only when EGF and bFGF were added together to culture media for JBP muscle cells. Conclusion: Concurrent use of EGF and bFGF increased the expression of MyoD protein, thus regulating the proliferation of JBP muscle cells and the expression of growth-related genes.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.65-75
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• 2022

On 11 June 2021, the Supreme Court ruled that the judgment of the lower court was justified for the subject case, that the plaintiff could assert the defendant's liability for default due to incomplete performance even though the warranty period for defects which stipulated in the particular condition of the contract has expired. In Korean civil law, the concurrent between the exclusion period for defect warranty and the extinctive prescription for default liability is conceded, since the exclusion period and the extinctive prescription have their respective purposes in law, therefore these two should be judged by harmonizing them based on that they are mutually related. If the subject judgment is generalized, there is no reason to exist for the provisions of defect liability in the construction contract any longer. This study examines the subject judgments through the general theory and precedent case studies on the defect liability and default liability, then derived any problems that may arise if the subject judgment is generalized. In addition, based on a realistic model, it was suggested for a practical improvement method that both the provisions of the warranty period shall be changed realistic and to stipulate the character of its nature as written provisions in the contract.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.195-220
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to validate the Korean version of the post-traumatic growth inventory-expanded(K-PTGI-X), which has been widely used to assess posttraumatic growth. The PTGI-X is a measure of the addition of the items to measure the existential growth as the need for modification to the factors of the 'increase of spiritual interest' in the existing PTGI is suggested. We examined the factor structure, reliability, and validity of a Korean version of the PTGI-X among 625 Korean adults who have experienced trauma events. First, EFA confirmed the appropriate PTGI-X factor structure and found that the 4-factor structure was the most appropriate. Next, as a result of CFA, it was found that the model to which correlation between items was added to the 4-factor model was good. Next, testing internal consistency, CR, and AVE of the K-PTGI-X showed that PTGI-X's items are reliable. Also, we tested the concurrent validity and discriminative validity. All of the K-PTGI-X scales significantly correlated with measures of deliberate rumination and core-belief except for the intrusive rumination. Finally, to add an understanding of K-PTGI-X, t-test according to demographic variables was conducted. Recommendations for future research and implications were discussed.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.357-377
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• 2020

This study was intended to develop and investigate reliability and validity of a scale that can measure linkage capability of community resources of counselors. This study prepared a preliminary question consisting of a total of 42 questions in 5 areas. Then, the content validity and facial validity were verified by the counseling experts with a first-degree qualification as a counselor in Korean Counselling Psychological Association, and a total of 20 final questions of 4 areas. The final questions were conducted on psychological counselors(N=306) to investigate reliability and validity. As a result of conducting an exploratory factor analysis, validity of the two-factor structure have been verified. And In the confirmatory factor analysis, two factors were shown to be appropriate. The two-factors were named 'The collection and utilization of information' and 'Association with the Organization of Information'. Also, the scale of final selection of questions were found to have a good degree of concurrent validity, interitem consistency and test-retest reliability. The implications of the present study is significant in that it is a measure of community resources linkage capability scale of counselors. In addition, this scale is expected to be useful in Wee Class, Wee Center, Youth Counseling Welfare Center, and other counseling sites.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2022

Background: Denosumab (Prolia®) is administered every 6 months for osteoporosis treatment. Co-administration of calcium and vitamin D is required to minimize hypocalcemia risk. We evaluated clinical outcomes based on the administration interval of denosumab and co-prescription with calcium-vitamin D combination products. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using electronic medical records from 668 patients who started denosumab therapy between January 1 and December 31, 2018, at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. Clinical outcomes, as measured by changes in T-score, were evaluated by the intervals and concurrent prescriptions with calcium-vitamin D combination products. Results: Of the 668 patients, 333 patients met the eligibility criteria. These patients were divided into two groups based on appropriateness of the administration interval: "Appropriate" (304 patients, 91.3%) and "Inappropriate" (29 patients, 8.3%). T-score changes were significantly higher in the "Appropriate" than in the "Inappropriate" group (0.30±0.44 vs. 0.13±0.37, p=0.048). At the beginning of the treatment, 221 patients (66.4%) were prescribed calcium-vitamin D combination products, but the changes in T-scores were not significantly different by the prescription status of the product (0.29±0.46 vs. 0.28±0.38, p=0.919). Conclusion: T-scores were significantly improved in patients with appropriate administration intervals. No significant changes in T-scores were observed by the prescription status with calcium-vitamin D combination products. For optimal treatment outcomes, prescribers should encourage adherence to the approved prescription information on dosage and administration, and pharmacists should provide medication counseling for patients.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.84 no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2021

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been used frequently, and its use continues to increase in lung cancer patients, despite insufficient scientific of its efficacy. To investigate this situation, we analyzed the current awareness and use of CAM in Korean lung-cancer patients. Methods: This prospective survey-based study was performed at seven medical centers in South Korea between August and October 2019. The survey assessed general patient characteristics and the awareness and use of CAM. We analyzed differences in the clinical parameters of patients aware and not aware of CAM and of CAM non-users and users. Results: Of the 434 patients included in this study, 68.8% responded that they were aware of CAM and 30.9% said they had experienced it. In univariate analysis, the patients aware of CAM were younger with poor performance status, had advanced-stage lung cancer, received more systemic therapy, and received concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). By multiple logistic regression, younger age, poor performance status, advanced stage, and prior CCRT were identified as independent risk factors for CAM awareness. There were no significant differences in the general characteristics and cancer-associated clinical parameters of CAM non-users and users. Conclusion: Specific clinical parameters were associated with patients' awareness of CAM, although there were no significantly different characteristics between CAM users and non-users.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.275-284
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• 2022

Changes in air temperature, CO₂ concentration and precipitation due to climate change are expected to have a significant impact on soybean productivity. This study was conducted to evaluate the climate change impact on growth and development of determinate soybean cultivar in the southern parts of Korea. The high temperature during vegetative period, which does not accompany the increase of CO₂ concentration, increased the canopy photosynthetic rate in soybean, but after flowering, the high temperature above the optimal ranges interrupts the photosynthetic metabolism. In yield and yield components, high temperature reduced both the pod and seed number and single seed weight, resulting in a reduction of total seed yield. On the other hand, the increase in CO₂ concentration dramatically increased the canopy photosynthetic rate over the whole growth period. In addition, high CO₂ concentration increased the number of pods and seeds, which had a positive effect on total seed yield. Under concurrent elevation of air temperature and CO₂ concentration, canopy photosynthesis increased significantly, but enhanced canopy photosynthesis did not lead to an increase in soybean seed yield. The increase in biomass and branch by enhanced canopy photosynthesis seems to be attributed to an increase in the total number of pods and seeds per plant, which compensates for the negative effects of high temperature on pod development. However, Single seed weight tended to decrease rapidly by high temperature, regardless of CO₂ concentration level. Elevated CO₂ concentration did not compensate for the poor distribution of assimilations from source to sink caused by high temperature. These results show that the damage of future soybean yield and quality is closely related to high temperature stress during seed filling period.