• Computers and Concrete
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2021

This paper aims to simulate the isotropic elastic damage theory of Liu Jun (2012) using the self-programmed UMAT subroutine in the interface of ABAQUS. Liu Jun (2012)'s method based on the mechanic theory can not be used interactively with the currently commonly used finite element software ABAQUS. The advantage of this method in the paper is that it can interact with ABAQUS and provide a constitutive program framework that can be modified according to user need. The model retains the two scalar damage variables and the corresponding two energy dissipation mechanisms and damage criteria for considering the tensile and compressive asymmetry of concrete. Taking C45 concrete as an example, the relevant damage evolution parameters of its tensile and compressive constitutive model are given. The study demonstrates that the uniaxial tensile stress calculated by the subroutine is almost the same as the Chinese Concrete Design Specification (GB50010) before the peak stress, but ends soon after the peak stress. The stress-strain curve of uniaxial compression calculated by the subroutine is in good agreement with the peak stress in Chinese Concrete Design Specification (GB50010), but there is a certain deviation in the descending stage. In addition, this paper uses the newly compiled subroutine to simulate the shear bearing capacity of the shear key in a new structural system, namely the open-web sandwich slab. The results show that the damage constitutive subroutine has certain reliability.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 기준압축강도 180MPa의 강섬유 보강 초고강도 콘크리트(UHSC)의 인장 특성에 관한 실험 연구를 수행하였다. 부피비 1%의 강섬유를 혼입하여 직접인장강도 시편과 3점 하중재하 휨 실험을 위한 프리즘 시편을 제작하였다. 제작된 시편은 균열 유도를 위하여 시편 중앙에 노치를 설정하였으며, 각 평가방법에 따라 실험을 수행하였다. 우선, 콘크리트의 균열 후 거동 특성을 파악하기 위하여 직접인장강도 실험을 수행하여 응력-변형률 곡선을 분석하였으며, 3점 하중재하 휨 실험을 통하여 하중-CMOD 곡선을 얻고, 역해석을 수행하여 응력-변형률 곡선을 분석하였다. 직접인장강도 실험과 3점 하중재하 휨 실험의 인장거동 특성은 유사하게 나타났다. 또한, SC 구조설계지침에서 제시하고 있는 인장응력-변형률 곡선 모델링을 수행하고, 측정값과 예측값의 비교분석을 수행하였다. 재료감소계수가 1.0일 때, 변형률이 0.02일 때까지 예측값은 측정값과 유사하게 나타나지만, 재료감소계수가 0.8일 때, 예측값은 측정값의 최소값에 근접한다. 또한, 변형률이 0.02를 초과하는 구간에서는 SC 구조설계지침에 의한 예측값이 측정값을 과소평가한다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.471-478
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• 2004

The behavior of stocky concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP) tubes was studied experimentally and analytically The behavior is focused on the confining action of GRFP tube against concrete. In the experimental work, extensive tensile tests for GFRP tubes which have various fiber lay-out were conducted. And, also short length concrete filled GFRP tubes which have various tube thickness, diameter, and length were tested. In the analytical work, equations to describe the compressive stresses and strains at failure, as well as the entire stress-strain curve of the GFRP tubes were developed. A comparison between the experimental results and those of analytical results indicate that the proposed model provides satisfactory predictions for the compressive strengths, strains at failure, and stress-strain responses.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2005

In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of steel fiber reinforced lightweight polymer concrete were investigated experimentally with various steel fiber contents. All tests were performed at room temperature, and stress-strain curve and load-deflection curve were plotted up to failure. The unit weight of steel fiber reinforced lightweight polymer concrete was in the range of $1,020{\sim}1,160\;kg/m^3$, which was approximately $50\%$ of that of the ordinary polymer concrete, The compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural toughness and flexural load-deflection curves after maximum load were shown with increase of steel fiber content. The stress-strain curves of steel fiber reinforced lightweight polymer concrete were bilinear in nature with a small transition zone, Based on these results, steel fiber reinforced lightweight polymer concrete can be widely applied to the polymer composite products.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.387-402
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• 2010

From typical stress-axial strain curve and stress-volume strain curve of a concrete under uniaxial compression, the initiation and localization of microcracks within the interior of the specimen can be identified. The occurrence of random microcrack indicates the end of the linear elasticity, and the localization of microcrack implies formation of major crack, which triggers the onset of unstable crack propagation. The interval between initiation and localization of microcracks is characterized by a stable microcrack growth. Based on fracture behavior observed from a uniaxial compressive test of a concrete cylinder, a model has been developed to extract fundamental fracture properties of a concrete, i.e. the equivalent fracture toughness and the size of fracture process zone. The introduction of cracking Poisson's ratio accounts for tensile failure characteristics of concrete even under uniaxal compression. To justify the validity of the model proposed, tests on three-point bending have been performed to obtain the fracture toughness in accordance with two parameter fracture model and double-K fracture model. Surprisingly, it yields favorably comparable results and provides an encouraging alternative approach to determine fracture properties for concretes.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 기준압축강도 120MPa의 강섬유 보강 고강도 콘크리트(FRHSC)의 재료 특성 모델링을 수행하였다. 실험변수로서 강섬유 혼입량을 1.0%, 1.5% 및 2.0%로 설정하였다. 우선, 콘크리트의 압축 거동 특성을 파악하기 위하여 압축강도 실험을 수행하였으며, 압축응력-변형률 곡선을 산정하였다. 보통 강도 콘크리트의 경우, 응력-변형률 관계는 곡선 형태로 나타나지만, 강섬유 보강 고강도 콘크리트의 경우 거의 직선으로 비례하여 증가하는 형상을 나타냈다. 또한, 콘크리트의 인장 특성을 파악하기 위해 균열개구변위(CMOD) 실험을 수행하고 역해석을 통하여 인장응력-CMOD 곡선을 산정하였으며, 이를 토대로 인장응력-변형률 관계 곡선을 모델링하였다. 강섬유 혼입량이 1.0%에서 1.5%로 증가할 때 인장강도는 뚜렷히 증가하였으나, 강섬유 혼입량이 1.5%에서 2.0%로 증가할 때 인징강도는 뚜렷한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 이러한 실험결과는 강섬유의 분산성과 배열이 향상되지 않아 콘크리트 재료 특성에 영향을 주었기 때문이다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2015년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.69-70
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• 2015

This study has attempted to derived an optimum fiber replacing ratio for practical use by measuring tensile strength and length deformation followed by variation of fiber replacing ratio among the basic characteristics of HPFRCC in order to evaluate the possibility of practical use of HPFRCC. As a result of performing experiment and research, the optimum replacement ratio was determined at the fiber replacing ratio of 1.5% when compressive strength, tensile strength and tensile stress-strain curve.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.29-39
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• 1986

To investigate the effect of presurfacing, both 25mm rough and pre surfaced oak boards (Quercus grosseserrata BI.) were dried in the same dry kiln condition. Drying curves, drying strains and drying defects of rough and presurfaced boards were compared. The results obatained are as follows. 1. Average drying rate of rough and presurfaced boards from green to 10% M.C. was 0.276%/hr. and 0.284%/hr., respectively. 2. At the early stage of drying, in case of rough boards, maximum tensile strain of outer slices was $-24.2{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm and maximum compressive strain of innermost slices was $13.0{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm, and in case of pre surfaced boards, maximum tensile strain of outer slices was $-14.5{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm and maximum compressive strain of innermost slices was $28.1{\times}10^{-4}$mm/mm. And in both cases, stress reversal occurred at about 40% M.C.. 3. Maximum surface checking appeared at about 40% M.C.. Of the 10 rough boards. 6 hoards contained surface checks, but presurfaced boards did not contained surface checks after drying. And the results of end checking were similar to those of surface checking. But, honeycomb was not found in both cases. 4. Board shrinkage. warp and casehardening of presurfaced boards were similar to those of rough boards. But, collapse of prsurfaced boards was less than that of rough boards.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.333-342
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• 2019

Geological dynamic hazards during coal mining can be caused by the failure of a composite system consisting of roof rock and coal layers, subject to different loading rates due to different advancing velocities in the working face. In this paper, the uniaxial compression test simulations on the composite rock-coal layers were performed using $PFC^{2D}$ software and especially the effects of loading rate on the stress-strain behavior, strength characteristics and crack nucleation, propagation and coalescence in a composite layer were analyzed. In addition, considering the composite layer, the mechanisms for the advanced bore decompression in coal to prevent the geological dynamic hazards at a rapid advancing velocity of working face were explored. The uniaxial compressive strength and peak strain are found to increase with the increase of loading rate. After post-peak point, the stress-strain curve shows a steep stepped drop at a low loading rate, while the stress-strain curve exhibits a slowly progressive decrease at a high loading rate. The cracking mainly occurs within coal, and no apparent cracking is observed for rock. While at a high loading rate, the rock near the bedding plane is damaged by rapid crack propagation in coal. The cracking pattern is not a single shear zone, but exhibits as two simultaneously propagating shear zones in a "X" shape. Following this, the coal breaks into many pieces and the fragment size and number increase with loading rate. Whereas a low loading rate promotes the development of tensile crack, the failure pattern shows a V-shaped hybrid shear and tensile failure. The shear failure becomes dominant with an increasing loading rate. Meanwhile, with the increase of loading rate, the width of the main shear failure zone increases. Moreover, the advanced bore decompression changes the physical property and energy accumulation conditions of the composite layer, which increases the strain energy dissipation, and the occurrence possibility of geological dynamic hazards is reduced at a rapid advancing velocity of working face.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표논문집(II)
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• pp.489-494
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• 1998

This paper describes the possibility to reuse concrete waste produced by demolition of reinforced concrete structures as aggregate for concrete from the viewpoint of strength. Concrete rubble obtained from the demolished buildings at Taejon were crushing machine to reuse as coarse aggregate. The strength properties, such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, bending strength and shear strength, of recycled and normal concrete were examined and compared experimentally when water cement ratio was varied. From the results of this study, it was thought that in case of non-washed aggregate concrete, strength properties of recycled coarse aggregate is similar to that of normal concrete, In W/C 55%~45%, stress-strain curve of recycled concrete shows more stable than that of normal concrete, while in W/C 35%, it shows brittle behavior.