• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.123-132
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• 2014

This study investigated the effect of food consumption monitoring and real-time communication-based weight control program using a smartphone on weight reduction and maintenance in obese women. This study consisted of two phases: an 8-week weight control program with food consumption monitoring and real-time communication using a smartphone and an 8-week follow-up. Sixteen obese female college students (>30% body fat) participated in this program, and we measured changes in body composition and dietary intake volume. Follow-up analysis focused on weight maintenance after 8 weeks of no contact. Total energy intake (P<0.01), body weight (P<0.001), percent body fat (P<0.001), body fat (P<0.05), and body mass index (P <0.001) decreased significantly after the 8-week weight control program. However, we could not observe total energy intake or body composition regain after the follow-up period. These results suggest that food consumption monitoring and real-time communication using a smartphone can be effective for weight control and maintenance.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.307-314
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a body weight control program with supplementation of sea tangle (20 g/day) on 22 female college students. The contents of the program for 8 weeks contained diet therapy, exercise and behavioral modification through nutrition education. Body composition, dietary habit scores, serum lipid profiles, daily nutrient intakes and the quality of life were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the program. Average age of subjects and height were 20.8 years and 161.9 cm, respectively. After 8 weeks, there were significant reductions in body weight, body fat mass, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio and BMI. The dietary habit score such as a balanced diet, regularity of mealtime, overeating, eating while watching TV or using the computer and eating salty food were increased significantly. Serum lipid levels such as total cholesterol level, LDL-cholesterol level and triglyceride level were decreased but not significantly. There were decreases in intake of energy, protein and fat and increases in intakes of dietary fiber, folic acid, calcium and potassium from the beginning to the end of the program. There were significant improvements on subcomponents of quality of life; physical functioning, general-health and vitality. The limitation of this study was the fact that there was no control group, but an overall evaluation suggests the 8-week body weight control program consisting of diet therapy, exercise and behavioral modification with supplementation of sea tangle would be helpful to improve the body composition, dietary habits, daily nutrient intakes and quality of life in Korean female college students.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.196-204
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of dietary oils on the levels of the ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid in chicken meat lipids. Three hundred ten five, 1-d old, male, Ross strain, broiler chicks were fed for 35 d to compare diets containing evening primrose oil(EPO) and hemp seed oil(HO) to a control diet. Fatty acid composition of lipid from chicken skin, thigh and breast muscle were determined at the end of the trial. The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken meat fed diets containing EPO or HO was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05). The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken skin was highest in the group, which had been fed the EPO 0.85%, followed in order by EPO 0.7%, 0.5%, EPO mixed oil, HO and HO mixed oil. There was a significant difference in the level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of chicken skin between the control and treatment groups(p<0.05). The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken thigh muscle was also similar to skin, and significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05). The level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of lipids from chicken breast muscle was highest in the group, which had been fed the EPO 0.5%, followed in order by EPO 0.7%, 0.85%, HO 0.5% and HO mixed oil. There was a significant difference in the level of ${\gamma}-linolenic$ acid of chicken breast muscle between the control and treatment groups(p<0.05).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.1359-1366
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• 2006

Purpose. This study was done to determine the effects of weight management program using self-efficacy in middle-aged obese women. The study also attempted to measure the effects of the program on the weight efficacy lifestyle, body composition, and depression. Method. The research design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The experimental group consisted of 21 middle-aged obese women and another 21 middle-aged obese women in the control group. The women in the experimental group participated in the weight management program for 12 weeks using self-efficacy. The weight management program using self-efficacy included education on effects of exercise for weight control, aerobic exercise program, muscle training and counseling through the telephone. Results. After 12 weeks of participation in the program, BMI (p <.0001), body fat % (p <.0001), abdominal fat (p <.0001), in the experimental group were significantly decreased compared to the control group. Weight self-efficacy lifestyle (p <.0001) and depression (p =.006) in the experimental group were significantly improved after the program compared to the control group. According to these findings, weight management program self-efficacy for middle-aged obese women could increase weight efficacy lifestyle, and decrease depression, BMI, body fat, and abdominal fat. Conclusion. The result also suggested that the increasing weight efficacy and lifestyle help the obese women to perform and continue exercise. This program could be used in the community such as public health center for weight care and mental health promotion of middle-aged obese women.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 2015

With increasing of GDP, the registration number of passenger cars has exceeded 20 million last year in Korea. Especially, the registration number of the diesel engine vehicles has been increasing. However, the WHO(World Health Organization) IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) has reported that diesel engine exhaust gas is an one of HAPs, which has carcinogenic for human, and they have designated it to Group 1. To solve this problem, exhaust gas from diesel engines has to be controlled. Thus, it has been controlling by European regulatory standard in Korea. On the other hand, in order to meet the enhanced emission regulations, all manufacturing company applied $NO_x$ control device to vehicles such as EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation), SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) and so on. However, these devices (EGR, SCR) were operated by difference reaction mechanism respectively, and the composition of exhaust gas would be differenced from that of them. In this study, it was conducted to evaluate variety characteristics on changing of exhaust gas composition by each $NO_x$ control device, and the heavy duty diesel trucks were chosen as experimental vehicles. From the result, it revealed that vehicles (with EGR) were discharged higher THC as 52.5% than that of others (with SCR). However, it did not followed that trend, in the case of CO; it was discharged as 57.2% lower than that of others (with SCR). In the future, these data would be used to apply to efficient $NO_x$ control device for meeting to EURO 6.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of ultrasonic treatmeat time on the quality and palatability of fried chicken meat. Moisture content, U-10 treatment (chicken meat treated by ultrasonification for 10 minutes) of breast and leg were lower than those of the control, protein contents were not different between samples. Fat content was higher with increasing ultrasonic treated time. Frying loss of ultrasonic treated breast and leg were lower than those of the control, water holding capacity of ultrasonic treated breast and leg were higher than those of the control with increasing ultrasonic treated time. Rheological textures between control and ultrasonic treated samples were not different. L* value(lightness) between control and ultrasonic treated samples were not different, but L* values of breast were higher than those of the leg. And a* value(redness) was not effect by ultrasonic treatment, but a* value of leg were higher than those of the breast. Amino acid composition has included many glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine and arginine. Oleic acid and linoleic acid occupied beyond 50% of fatty acid composition. And taste, texture, juiciness and palatability improved with increasing ultrasonic treated time.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.210-217
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• 2023

Background: Effects of the major ginsenoside Rg1 on mammalian longevity and physical vitality are rarely reported. Purpose: To examine longevity, tumor, and spontaneous locomotor activity in rats consuming Rg1. Methods: A total of 138 Wistar rats were randomized into 2 groups: control (N = 69) and Rg1 (N = 69). Rg1 (0.1 mg/kg per day) were orally supplemented from 6 months of age until natural death. Spontaneous mobility was measured by video-tracking together with body composition (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) and inflammation markers at 5, 14, 21, and 28 months of age. Results: No significant differences in longevity (control: 706 days; Rg1: 651 days, p = 0.77) and tumor incidence (control: 19%; Rg1: 12%, p = 0.24) were observed between the two groups. Movement distance in the control group declined significantly by ~60% at 21 months of age, together with decreased TNF-α (p = 0.01) and increased IL-10 (p = 0.02). However, the movement distance in the Rg1 group was maintained ~50% above the control groups (p = 0.01) at 21 months of age with greater magnitudes of TNF-α decreases and IL-10 increases. Glucose, insulin, and body composition (bone, muscle and fat percentages) were similar for both groups during the entire observation period. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest a delay age-dependent decline in physical vitality during late life by lifelong Rg1 consumption. This improvement is associated with inflammatory modulation. Significant effects of Rg1 on longevity and tumorigenesis were not observed.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.629-633
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• 2011

The Wolmi Eunha-Rail in Incheon is connecting Wolmido and Incheon Station with an elevated monorail road supported by piers. This railroad system is characterized by driverless automatic operation and moving-block based control. The main technology applied to this signal-controlled system is CBTC (Communications-Based Train Control) which based on wireless communications. The CBTC system is simple in that composition so that can minimize field facilities and lowers costs of construction and maintenance. This CBTC system is emerging as a major signal-controlled system in the future metro market.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 1997

The optimal control of a continuous process has been performed using genetic algorithms(GAs). GAs are robust and easily applicable for complex and highly nonlinear problems. We introduce the heuristics 'dynamic range' which reduces the search space dramaticaly keeping the robust search of GAs. GAs with dynamic range show the better performance than SQP(Successive Quadratic Programing) method which converges to a local minimum. The proposed methology has been applied to the optimal control of the continuous MMA-VA copolymerization reactor for the production of the desired molecular wieght and the composition of VA in dead copolymer.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.54-62
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• 1993

Generally, the main difficulty in the composition of tank-level control system may be in the point that plant parameters are severely varied according to the change of operating point. In order to cope with this difficulty, in this paper, an adaptive control is employed using model-following technique based on the optimal control law. Through the simulations and experiments the following results were observed. 1) The steady-state error was not found under the parameter variations caused by the change of operating point. 2) In spite of the change of operating point, the corresponding gains which were stored in the computer were found to be automatically updated so that the controller could have the adaptive ability. And also, the control specifications in view of transient response were found to be satisfied.