• Title/Summary/Keyword: complex system products

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Modulation of Hyaluronic Acid Properties by Electron Beam Irradiation (전자선 조사를 이용한 히알루론산의 특성 조절)

  • Shin, Young Min;Kim, Woo-Jin;Kim, Yong-Soo;Jo, Sun-Young;Park, Jong-Seok;Gwon, Hui-Jeong;Lim, Youn-Mook;Nho, Young-Chang
    • Journal of Radiation Industry
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2011
  • A variety of natural polymers have been used as tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery system, and cosmetic materials due to their higher biocompatibility and water uptake. As a major component of extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid consisting of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine has been popularly used as a hydrogel material. Even though it has good properties to be used in the tissue engineering and cosmetic industry, its higher viscosity has limited a potential use in a variety of applications; only low content should be applied in preparing above products. In the present study, we investigated the effect of electron beam irradiation on the properties of hyaluronic acid. Hyaluronic acid paste containing low contents of water changed to solution after electron beam irradiation ranging from 1 to 10 kGy, which didn't exhibit any alteration of surface properties and morphological change after freeze-drying. However, its viscosity was significantly decreased as absorbed dose increased, which was approximately one by hundred in comparison with the viscosity of original hyaluronic acid solution with same concentration. In addition, it can still interact with positive charged chitosan generating polyelectrolyte complex. Therefore, only viscosity was decreased after electron beam irradiation, whereas other properties of hyaluronic acid maintained. Consequently, these hyaluronic acids with lower viscosities can be used in a variety of applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and cosmetic industry.

A Study on Customer Satisfaction for Smart Trunk using the Kano Model (카노모델을 이용한 스마트 트렁크 기능의 고객 만족에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Dong-Yeon;Shin, Hoon-Chul
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.115-123
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    • 2021
  • In recent years, the automobile industry has been facing a major change with the introduction of new technologies represented by autonomous driving, electrification, and digitalization. Major domestic and overseas automakers are trying to use a systematic approach to customer satisfaction through user interfaces to provide customers with a special experience and value beyond just making products with high performance. This study proposes the Kano model as a systematic and qualitative research method for satisfaction. As a case study, 17 functions of a product were sorted (3 operation functions, 7 safety functions, and 7 convenience functions). This was done by analyzing the use case and the customers' requirements for a smart trunk system. 18 new functions were derived via creative ideation codes. In addition, a scientific analysis method is proposed for product quality attributes and the strength of customer satisfaction. Using the Kano methodology, 25 functions were classified into quality attributes: 18 attractive qualities, 3 one-dimensional qualities, and 4 complex qualities, which are combinations of one-dimension qualities and must-have qualities. The functions that have one-dimensional quality and complex qualities were found to have higher customer ratings than the functions that have attractive qualities. Based on this, enterprises could effectively reduce customer complaints and enhance customer satisfaction.

Development of sweet potato double cropping system in the southern island area of Korea

  • Moon, Jin-Young;Shin, Jung-Ho;Song, Jae-Ki;Choi, Yong-Jo;Hong, Kwang-Pyo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2017.06a
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    • pp.267-267
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    • 2017
  • In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

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Development of sweet potato double cropping system in the southern island area of Korea

  • Moon, Jin-young;Shin, Jung-ho;Song, Jae-ki;Choi, Yong-jo;Hong, Kwang-pyo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 2017.06a
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    • pp.280-280
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    • 2017
  • In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

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Post Harvest Technology for High Quality Rice (고품질 쌀 생산을 위한 수확 후 관리기술)

  • 김동철
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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    • 2002.08a
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    • pp.54-63
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    • 2002
  • Post-harvest technology for rice was focused on in-bin drying system, which consists of about 100, 000 facilities in 1980s. The modernized Rice Processing Complex (RPC) and Drying Storage Center (DSC) became popular for rice dry, storage, process and distribution from 1990s. However, the percentage of artificial drying for rice is 48% (2001) and the ability of bulk storage is about 15%. Therefore it is necessary to build enough drying and bulk storage facilities. The definition of high quality rice is to satisfy both good appearance and good taste. The index for good taste in rice is a below 7% of protein, 17-20% of amylose, 15.5-16.5% of moisture contents and high concentration of Mg and K. To obtain a high quality rice, it is absolutely needed to integrate high technologies including breeding program, cropping methods, harvesting time, drying, storing and processing methodologies. Generally, consumers prefer to rice retaining below b value of 5 in colorimetry, and the whiteness, the hardness and the moisture contents of rice are in order of consumer preference in rice quality. By selection of rice cultivars according to acceptable quality, the periods between harvesting time and drying reduced up to about 20 days. Therefore it is necessary to develop a low temperature grain drying system in order to (1) increase the rate of artificial rice drying up to 85%, (2) keep the drying temperature of below 45C, (3) maintain high quality in rice and (4) save energy consumption. Bulk storage facilities with low temperature storage system (7-15C) for rice using grain cooler should be built to reduce labor for handling and transportation and to keep a quality of rice. In the cooled rice, there is no loss of grain quality due to respiration, insect and microorganism, which results in high quality rice containing 16% of moisture contents all year round. In addition, introducing a low temperature milling system reduced the percentage of broken rice to 2% and increased the percentage of head rice to 3% because of proper hardness of grain. It has been noted that the broken rice and cracking reduced significantly by using low pressure milling and wet milling. Our mission for improving rice market competitiveness goes to (1) produce environment friendly, functional rice cultivars, (2) establish a grade standard of rice quality, (3) breed a new cultivar for consumer oriented and (4) extend the period of storage and shelf life of rice during postharvest.

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A 4 week Randomized, Double-blind Human Trial to Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Aureobasidium pullulans Cultured Solution and Placebo on Improvement of Immune in Subjects (흑효모배양액 분말의 면역관련 사이토카인에 미치는 영향에 대한 무작위 배정 임상연구)

  • Choi, Hae-Yun;Kim, Jong-Dae;Park, Mee-Yeon
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.83-91
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    • 2009
  • $\beta$-glucan is a fiber-type complex sugar (polysaccharide) derived from the cell wall of baker's yeast, oat and barley fiber, and many medicinal mushrooms, such as maitake. The primary uses of $\beta$-glucan are to enhance the immune system, to lower blood cholesterol levels and to treat tumor. $\beta$-glucan has no systemic toxicity in mice, therefore it needed clinical trail to prove efficacy and safety for human. The subjects total 56 healty volunteers were divided into two groups including taken $\beta$-glucan tablet group and placebo group. Subjects were taken two tablets per oral for 4 weeks. They had agreed to take part in this experiment, and didn't take any other clinical trail products. After 4 weeks blood of subjects were checked. The check list are TNF-$\alpha$, INF-$\gamma$, IL-2, IL-4, total WBC, differential WBC, RBC, hemoglobin, platelet, MCV, MCH, MCHC, HCT, Na, K, Ca, Cl, AST, ALT, ALP, $\gamma$-GTP, total protein, triglyceride, total cholesterol, total bilirubin, albumin, uric acid, creatinine, BUN, pH, protein, glucose, ketone body, blood, bilirubin. We evaluated efficacy by cytokines that compare before and after taking. Collected data were analyzed as two sample t-test, chi-square test and ANOVA using SAS V.9.1.This study results are that in TNF-$\alpha$ of $1^{st}$ efficacy measurement item, all of two groups figure were increased significantly compare to before figure. In IL4 of $2^{nd}$ efficacy measurement item, experimental group figure were decreased significantly but placebo group figure were increased. The conclusions show that based on the above results, $\beta$-glucan has favorable effect to enhance immune system, especially IL4 results showed that it has effect to improve the allergic immune system.

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A Study on the Enhancing Recommendation Performance Using the Linguistic Factor of Online Review based on Deep Learning Technique (딥러닝 기반 온라인 리뷰의 언어학적 특성을 활용한 추천 시스템 성능 향상에 관한 연구)

  • Dongsoo Jang;Qinglong Li;Jaekyeong Kim
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.41-63
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    • 2023
  • As the online e-commerce market growing, the need for a recommender system that can provide suitable products or services to customer is emerging. Recently, many studies using the sentiment score of online review have been proposed to improve the limitations of study on recommender systems that utilize only quantitative information. However, this methodology has limitation in extracting specific preference information related to customer within online reviews, making it difficult to improve recommendation performance. To address the limitation of previous studies, this study proposes a novel recommendation methodology that applies deep learning technique and uses various linguistic factors within online reviews to elaborately learn customer preferences. First, the interaction was learned nonlinearly using deep learning technique for the purpose to extract complex interactions between customer and product. And to effectively utilize online review, cognitive contents, affective contents, and linguistic style matching that have an important influence on customer's purchasing decisions among linguistic factors were used. To verify the proposed methodology, an experiment was conducted using online review data in Amazon.com, and the experimental results confirmed the superiority of the proposed model. This study contributed to the theoretical and methodological aspects of recommender system study by proposing a methodology that effectively utilizes characteristics of customer's preferences in online reviews.

Study on the Application of Casting Flow Simulation with Cut Cell Method by the Casting process (Cut Cell 방법을 활용한 공정별 주조유동해석 적용 연구)

  • Young-Sim Choi
    • Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.302-309
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    • 2023
  • In general, castings often have complex shapes and significant variations in thickness within a single product, making grid generation for simulations challenging. Casting flows involve multiphase flows, requiring the tracking of the boundary between air and molten metal. Additionally, considerable time is spent calculating pressure fields due to density differences in a numerical analysis. For these reasons, the Cartesian grid system has traditionally been used in mold filling simulations. However, orthogonal grids fail to represent shapes accurately, leading to a momentum loss caused by the stair-like grid patterns on curved and sloped surfaces. This can alter the flow of molten metals and result in incorrect casting process designs. To address this issue, simulations in the Cartesian grid system involve creating a large number of grids to represent shapes more accurately. Alternatively, the Cut Cell method can be applied to address the problems arising from the Cartesian grid system. In this study, analysis results based on the number of grid in the Cartesian grid system for a casting flow analysis were compared with results obtained using the Cut Cell method. Casting flow simulations of actual products during various casting processes were also conducted, and these results were analyzed with and without applying the Cut Cell method.

Possibilities for Improvement in Long-term Predictions of the Operational Climate Prediction System (GloSea6) for Spring by including Atmospheric Chemistry-Aerosol Interactions over East Asia (대기화학-에어로졸 연동에 따른 기후예측시스템(GloSea6)의 동아시아 봄철 예측 성능 향상 가능성)

  • Hyunggyu Song;Daeok Youn;Johan Lee;Beomcheol Shin
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.19-36
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    • 2024
  • The global seasonal forecasting system version 6 (GloSea6) operated by the Korea Meteorological Administration for 1- and 3-month prediction products does not include complex atmospheric chemistry-aerosol physical processes (UKCA). In this study, low-resolution GloSea6 and GloSea6 coupled with UKCA (GloSea6-UKCA) were installed in a CentOS-based Linux cluster system, and preliminary prediction results for the spring of 2000 were examined. Low-resolution versions of GloSea6 and GloSea6-UKCA are highly needed to examine the effects of atmospheric chemistry-aerosol owing to the huge computational demand of the current high resolution GloSea6. The spatial distributions of the surface temperature and daily precipitation for April 2000 (obtained from the two model runs for the next 75 days, starting from March 1, 2000, 00Z) were compared with the ERA5 reanalysis data. The GloSea6-UKCA results were more similar to the ERA5 reanalysis data than the GloSea6 results. The surface air temperature and daily precipitation prediction results of GloSea6-UKCA for spring, particularly over East Asia, were improved by the inclusion of UKCA. Furthermore, compared with GloSea6, GloSea6-UKCA simulated improved temporal variations in the temperature and precipitation intensity during the model integration period that were more similar to the reanalysis data. This indicates that the coupling of atmospheric chemistry-aerosol processes in GloSea6 is crucial for improving the spring predictions over East Asia.

Occurrence and Distribution of Disinfection of By-Products in Drinking Water (수돗물중 소독부산물(DBPs)의 생성 및 분포특성에 관한 연구)

  • In, C.K.;Lee, J.H.;Lee, I.S.;Bang, E.O.;Song, H.S.;Yoon, S.J.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Health Society Conference
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    • 2005.06a
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    • pp.263-272
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    • 2005
  • Chlorine disinfection has been used in drinking water supply to disinfect the water-borne microbial disease which may cause to serious human disease. it is still the least costly, relatively easy to use, Chlorination is the primary means to disinfect portable water supplies and control bacterial growth in the distribution system. However, chlorine reacts with natural organic matter(NOM), that presents in nearly all water sources, and then produces disinfection by-products(DBPs), that have adverse health effects. Although the existent DBPs have been reported in drinking water supplies, it is not feasible to predict the levels of the various DBPs due to the complex chemistry reaction involved. 1. The objectives of this study is to investigate seasonal variation difference concentration of DBPs in the plant to tap water. The average concentration of THMs was 20.04 ${\mu}g/{\ell}$ , HAAs 8-15 ${\mu}g/{\ell}$ , HANs 2-4.5 ${\mu}g/{\ell}$ respectively. 2. Distant variation of DBPs furmation by the distance is that THMs concentration increased by 17% at 2km point from the plant and by 28% at 7km and HAAs, HANs also increase each by 16%, 32% at 2 km from the plant and 35%, 56% at 7 km. DBPs increase in water supply pipe continually, 3. The seasonal occurrence of BBPs is that in May and August DBPs concentration is very higher than in march, in May DBPs concentration is highest. The temperature is main factor of DBPs formation, precursor also. 4. Precursor which was accumulated for winter flowed into the raw water by flooding in spring and summer and produced DBPs. 5. Therefore for the supply of secure drinking water, it is required to protect precursor of flowing into raw water and to add to BCAA and DBAA to drinking water standards.

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