• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신설비학회 2006년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.77-81
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• 2006

Because of the rapid increasing of network user, there are some problems to tolerate the network overhead. Recently, the research and technology of the user-level for high performance and low latency than TCP/IP which relied upon the kernel for processing the messages. For example, there is an Infiniband technology. The Infiniband Trade Association (IBTA) has been proposed as an industry standard for both communication between processing node and I/O devices and for inter-processor communication. It replaces the traditional bus-based interconnect with a switch-based network for connecting processing node and I/O devices. Also Infiniband uses RDMA (Remote DMA) for low latency of CPU and OS to communicate between Remote nodes. In this paper, we develop the SRP (SCSI RDMA Protocol) which is Storage Access Protocol on Infiniband network. And will compare to FC (Fibre Channle) based I-SCSI (Internet SCSI) that it is used to access storage on Etherent Fabric.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.225-234
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• 2018

E-Health allows you to supersede the central patient wireless healthcare system. Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) is the first phase of the e-Health system. In this paper, we aim to understand e-Health architecture and configuration, and attempt to minimize energy consumption and latency in transmission routing protocols during restrictive latency in data delivery of WBSN phase. The goal is to concentrate on polling protocol to improve and optimize the routing time interval and schedule communication to reduce energy utilization. In this research, two types of network models routing protocols are proposed - elemental and clustering. The elemental model improves efficiency by using a polling protocol, and the clustering model is the extension of the elemental model that Destruct Supervised Decision Tree (DSDT) algorithm has been proposed to solve the time interval conflict transmission. The simulation study verifies that the proposed models deliver better performance than the existing BSN protocol for WBSN.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2021

Lempel-Ziv coding is one of the most famous source coding schemes. The output of this source coding is usually a non-uniform code, which requires additional source coding, such as arithmetic coding, to reduce a redundancy. However, this additional source code increases complexity and decoding latency. Thus, this paper proposes the optimal maximum a-posteriori (MAP) receiver for non-uniform source non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) with symmetric superposition coding (SSC). First, we derive an analytical expression of the bit-error rate (BER) for non-uniform source NOMA with SSC. Then, Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the BER of the optimal MAP receiver for the non-uniform source improves slightly, compared to that of the conventional receiver for the uniform source. Moreover, we also show that the BER of an approximate analytical expression is in a good agreement with the BER of Monte Carlo simulation. As a result, the proposed optimal MAP receiver for non-uniform source could be a promising scheme for NOMA with SSC, to reduce complexity and decoding latency due to additional source coding.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2020

This study developed evaluation indicators for the comfort experience of virtual reality (VR) headsets by classifying, defining, and weighting cybersickness-causing factors using the Delphi research method and analytic hierarchical process (AHP) approach. Four surveys were conducted with 20 experts on VR motion sickness. The expert surveys involved the 1) classification and definition of cybersickness-causing dimensions, classification of sub-factors for each dimension, and selection of evaluation indicators, 2) self-reassessment of the results of each step, 3) validity revaluation, and 4) final weighting calculation. Based on the surveys, the evaluation indicators for the comfort experience of VR headsets were classified into eight sub-factors: field of view (FoV)-device FoV, latency-device latency, framerate-device framerate, V-sync-device V-sync, rig-camera angle view, rig-no-parallax point, resolution-device resolution, and resolution-pixels per inch (PPI). A total of six dimensions and eight sub-factors were identified; sub-factor-based evaluation indicators were also developed.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.8-15
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• 2022

The new 5G radio technology (NR) can provide ultra-reliable low latency communications. The supporting 5G network infrastructure will move away from the previous point-to-point network architecture to a service-based architecture. 5G can provide three new things, i.e., wider channels, lower latency and more bandwidth. These will allow 5G to support three main types of connected services, including enhanced mobile broadband, mission-critical communications, and the massive Internet of Things (IoT). In 2015, the 5th generation (5G) mobile communication was officially approved by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as IMT-2020. Since then, 3GPP, the international organization responsible for 5G standards, is actively developing specifications for 5G technologies. 3GPP Release 15 provides the first full set of 5G standards, and the evolution and expansion of 5G are now being standardized in Release 16 and 17, respectively. This paper provides an overview of 3GPP 5G technologies and key services.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1296-1309
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• 2023

In this paper, based on the soft cancellation (SCAN) bit-flipping (SCAN-BF) algorithm, a generalized SCAN bit-flipping (GSCAN-BF-Ω) decoding algorithm is carried out, where Ω represents the number of bits flipped or corrected at the same time. GSCAN-BF-Ω algorithm corrects the prior information of the code bits and flips the prior information of the unreliable information bits simultaneously to improve the block error rate (BLER) performance. Then, a joint threshold scheme for the GSCAN-BF-2 decoding algorithm is proposed to reduce the average decoding complexity by considering both the bit channel quality and the reliability of the coded bits. Simulation results show that the GSCAN-BF-Ω decoding algorithm reduces the average decoding latency while getting performance gains compared to the common multiple SCAN bit-flipping decoding algorithm. And the GSCAN-BF-2 decoding algorithm with the joint threshold reduces the average decoding latency further by approximately 50% with only a slight performance loss compared to the GSCAN-BF-2 decoding algorithm.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2024년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.133-136
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• 2024

전 산업에서 초고속 저지연 데이터 서비스 수요가 증가하면서 저지연 트래픽 (low latency traffic, LLT) 처리 중요성이 커지고 있다. 기존 연구들은 LLT 에 우선순위를 부여하여 먼저 처리하는 프리 엠프션 기법을 제안했으나 제어 오버헤드가 증가하거나 non-LLT 트래픽 성능을 열화하는 문제를 해결할 수 없었다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 종래에 사용하지 않았던 짧은 인터프레임 스페이스 (Short Interframe Space, SIFS)를 LLT 에 활용하는 새로운 전송 기법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서는 수치 분석을 통해 제안하는 인터프레임 스페이스 통신 (Interframe Space Communication, ISC)이 종래의 전송 방법 대비 스루풋을 평균 50% 개선하고 지연도를 98% 개선할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2008년도 춘계종합학술대회 A
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• pp.43-46
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• 2008

무선 사용자 사이의 커뮤니케이션 동안 단절은 핸드오버 프로세스 동안 일어날 수 있다. 핸드오버 과정 동안의 높은 핸드오버 대기시간은 무선 커뮤니케이션의 서비스 질을 저하 시킬 수 있다. 만약 작동 네트워크가 실시간 멀티미디어 응용 프로그램을 전송하고 있다면 이 문제는 점점 더 심각해진다. 본 논문에서는 핸드오버 대기시간을 줄이는 방법에 대해 IPv6 이동성 관리의 프로토콜의 연동으로 보여 준다. 이기종간 장치가 있는 IPv6의 이동성에서 SIP프로토콜이 핸드오버 대기시간을 줄이는 프로토콜을 제안한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.514-535
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• 2019

Information-centric networks operate under the assumption that all network components have built-in caching capabilities. Integrating the caching strategies of information centric networking (ICN) with wireless virtualization improves the gain of virtual infrastructure content caching. In this paper, we propose a framework for software-defined information centric virtualized wireless device-to-device (D2D) networks. Enabling D2D communications in virtualized ICN increases the spectral efficiency due to reuse and proximity gains while the software-defined network (SDN) as a platform also simplifies the computational overhead. In this framework, we propose a joint virtual resource and cache allocation solution for latency-sensitive applications in the next-generation cellular networks. As the formulated problem is NP-hard, we design low-complexity heuristic algorithms which are intuitive and efficient. In our proposed framework, different services can share a pool of infrastructure items. We evaluate our proposed framework and algorithm through extensive simulations. The results demonstrate significant improvements in terms of visiting latency, end user QoE, InP resource utilization and MVNO utility gain.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2022

The Tactile Internet technology is considered as the evolution of the internet of things. It will enable real time applications in all fields like remote surgery. It requires extra low latency which must not exceed 1ms, high availability, reliability and strong security system. Since it appearance in 2014, tremendous efforts have been made to ensure authentication between sensors, actuators and servers to secure many applications such as remote surgery. This human to machine relationship is very critical due to its dependence of the human live, the communication between the surgeon who performs the remote surgery and the robot arms, as a tactile internet actor, should be fully and end to end protected during the surgery. Thus, a secure mutual user authentication framework has to be implemented in order to ensure security without influencing latency. The existing methods of authentication require server to stock and exchange data between the tactile internet entities, which does not only make the proposed systems vulnerables to the SPOF (Single Point of Failure), but also impact negatively on the latency time. To address these issues, we propose a lightweight authentication protocol for remote surgery in a Tactile Internet environment, which is composed of a decentralized blockchain and physically unclonable functions. Finally, performances evaluation illustrate that our proposed solution ensures security, latency and reliability.