• Korean Security Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.311-336
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• 2007

This study examines the concepts of counter-act against the Bio-terrorism and the reaction system in advanced countries, thereby to find out reaction system necessary to Korea. Acts on anti-Bio-terrorism is divided to detection stage, protection stage, diagnosis stage and detoxication and neutralization stage according to flow of event occurrence. As for detection stage, Korea is developing it as contact type, while advanced countries are under development of the devices that may detect the terrorism from the remote distance. It is necessary for Korea to develop the remote-distant detection system as well as the contact type of device that may promptly operate. Among the protection gears, the quality of Korea's gas mask is recognized worldwide, but that of other outfits should be improved by applying the state-of-art science technology. The diagnosis device also should be developed to the extent that the dispatched initial action team may make immediate decisions necessary in the field. As the current trends for detoxication materials worldwide require the improvement to new materials harmless to human body and equipment, Korea is also required to acquire those materials. The technology for neutralization means the development of vaccine and antibiotics and it requires the development made by shared efforts worldwide. For this purpose, it is necessary to further develop Korea's medical technology. In addition, the further efforts are required in terms of reaction manual, training model, public communication efforts and preparation for trauma syndrome.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.8-18
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• 2000

We presented a BGA(Ball Grid Array) package for RF circuit modules and extracted its electrical parameters. As the frequency of RF system devices increases, the effect of its electrical parasitics in the wireless communication system requires new structure of RF circuit modules because of its needs to be considered of electrical performance for minimization and module mobility. RF circuit modules with BGA packages can provide some advantages such as minimization, shorter circuit routing, and noise improvement by reducing electrical noise affected to analog and digital mixed circuits, etc. We constructed a BGA package of ITS(Intelligent Transportation System) RF module and measured electrical parameters with a TDR(Time Domain Reflectometry) equipment and compared its electrical parasitic parameters with PCB RF circuits. With a BGA substrate of 3${\times}$3 input and output terminals, we have found that self capacitance of BGA solder ball is 68.6fF, and self inductance 146pH, whose values were reduced to 34% and 47% of the value of QFP package structure. S11 parameter measurement with a HP4396B Network Analyzer showed the resonance frequency of 1.55GHz and the loss of 0.26dB. Routing length of the substrate was reduced to 39.8mm. Thus, we may improve electrical performance when we use BGA package structures in the design of RF circuit modules.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.8-14
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• 2007

In this paper, $HfO_2$/Hf stacked film has been applied as the gate dielectric in MOS devices. The $HfO_2$ thin film was deposited on p-type (100) silicon wafers by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using TEMAHf and $O_3$ as precursors. Prior to the deposition of the $HfO_2$ film, a thin Hf metal layer was deposited as an intermediate layer. Round-type MOS capacitors have been fabricated on Si substrates with 2000${\AA}$-thick Al or Pt top electrode. The prepared film showed the stoichiometric components. At the $HfO_2$/Si interface, both Hf-Si and Hf-Si-O bonds were observed, instead of Si-O bond. The sandwiched Hf metal layer suppressed the growing of $SiO_x$ layer so that $HfSi_xO_y$ layer was achieved. It seems that the intermediate Hf metal layer has a benefit for the enhancement of electric characteristics of gate dielectric in $HfO_2$/Si structure.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.331-339
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• 2008

Nowadays with advancement in technology and aging society, the number of disabled citizens is increasing. The disabled citizens always need a caretaker for daily life routines especially for mobility. In future, the need is considered to increase more. To reduce the burden from the disabled, various devices for healthcare are introduced using computer technology. The power wheelchair is an important and convenient mobility device. The demand of power wheelchair is increasing for assistance in mobility. In this paper we proposed a robotic wheelchair for mobility aid to reduce the burden from the disabled. The main issue in an autonomous wheelchair is the automatic detection and avoidance of obstacles and going to the pre-designated place. The proposed algorithm detects the obstacles and avoids them to drive the wheelchair to the desired place safely. By this way, the disabled will not always have to worry about paying deep attention to the surroundings and his path. User has a handheld bio-sensor monitoring system for get user's bio-signal. If user detects unusual signal, alarm send to protector.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.35
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• pp.347-374
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• 2014

The aim of this article is to consider the future of industrialization of Augmented Reality contents focusing on cinematic imagination of films that used Augmented Reality techniques and artistic imagination of Augmented Reality Arts in the 21st century. The film showing future technology through cinematic imagination plays an role in the presentation of future vision important. Augmented Reality Arts show the big picture of future arts, future aspect of society, and future culture by using technically possible present technology. I classified the researched films according to Augmented Reality technique. It is expected that Gesture Recognition will develop with transparent display device techniques, Hologram techniques will be changed into individualized communication styles, Biometrics will be able to evolve into multi-Biometrics, and Wearable Computer will develop in the aspect of physical body augmentation and then industrialize. In Augmented Reality Arts, it seems that the various utilization of avatar will be related to Hologram, the utilization of the physiological phenomenon of the human body will be related to Biometrics, the mixture of reality and virtual reality will utilize display devices through Gesture Recognition, and a new experiment of HMD(Head-Mounted Display) will industrialize with the diversification of Wearable Computer. Augmented Reality contents created through the imagination and representation in the films and arts take a role in helping human life, and, at the same time, show the future image industrialized in the way of combination between human and environment without a medium.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.7 no.3 s.15
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• pp.93-106
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• 2005

Recently, the web map services with standard interfaces have been developed to a high degree for the purpose of sharing of spatial data through the web. Among the various kinds of works related, the specification for the web map service released by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) is the most prominent, and is nearly adopted as international standard (ISO/DIS 19128) in developing the web map servers. The web map server of OGC, however, provides the insufficient capabilities for mobile applications. Unlike the wired applications, the mobile applications would require the map server to minimize of size of data transferred, because the size of data is very important factor in communication cost and the response time of map clients. And the mobile applications require different quality of map according to the screen size of mobile devices. The mobile application, also require some application specific queries. In this paper, We have Proposed the interfaces for mobile web map services (M-WMS) which fully comply with the standard interfaces proposed in OGC. And we have designed and implemented the web map server for mobile map services. This paper has contributed to construction and practical use of the web map servers in mobile applications, such as LBS and telematics.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.1189-1193
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• 2012

The Miniaturized Fingerprint Imager (MFI) is a slim optical mouse that can be used as an input device for application to wireless portable personnel communication devices such as smartphones. In this study, we have fabricated key optical components of an MFI, including the illumination optical components and imaging lens. An LED beam-shaping lens consisting of an aspheric lens and a Fresnel facet was successfully machined using a diamond turning machine (DTM). A customized V-shaped groove for beam path banding was fabricated by the bulk micromachining of silicon that was coated with aluminum using the shadow effect in thermal evaporation. The imaging lens and arrayed multilevel Fresnel lenses were fabricated by electron beam lithography and FAB etching, respectively. The proposed optical components are extremely compact and have high optical efficiency; therefore, they are applicable to ultraslim optical systems.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.5513-5521
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• 2015

There is an operational efficiency problem about wayside equipment applied to the domestic low-density branch as the equipment has been installed and operated similarly in the mainline. On-board oriented train control system, which has been developed for train safety and operation efficiency, ensures safe train operation without expensive ground control signal devices. Such system consists of on-board control system, wayside control system, and local control system. In this paper, the details of tests such as suitability test, communication test, and interface test are described by installing the on-board control system and wayside control system in field. Installation tests include checking power, voltage, cable connection, LED status, etc. Field applicability of the developed system is also verified through the dynamic operation tests with diverse scenarios, which are performed on the virtual line similar to the real environment including switch machine and level crossing gate. Dynamic operation tests were conducted for total 7 scenarios, and several tests were repeated for each scenario. The elapsed time for each operation was computed by analyzing main process log, and we could check that each operation was accomplished within several seconds. Furthermore, the developed system was verified through field test with an accredited institute, and testing certificates were issued.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.171-180
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• 2020

Smart Factory consists of digital automation solutions throughout the production process, including design, development, manufacturing and distribution, and it is an intelligent factory that installs IoT in its internal facilities and machines to collect process data in real time and analyze them so that it can control itself. The smart factory's equipment works in a physical combination of numerous hardware, rather than a virtual character being driven by a single object, such as a game. In other words, for a specific common goal, multiple devices must perform individual actions simultaneously. By taking advantage of the smart factory, which can collect process data in real time, if reinforcement learning is used instead of general machine learning, behavior control can be performed without the required training data. However, in the real world, it is impossible to learn more than tens of millions of iterations due to physical wear and time. Thus, this paper uses simulators to develop grid sortation systems focusing on transport facilities, one of the complex environments in smart factory field, and design cooperative multi-agent-based reinforcement learning to demonstrate efficient behavior control.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.33-42
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• 2014

Hand-signal is an effective communication means in the situation where voice cannot be used for expression especially for soldiers. Vision-based approaches using cameras as input devices are widely suggested in the literature. However, these approaches are not suitable for soldiers that have unseen visions in many cases. in addition, existing special-glove approaches utilize the information of fingers only. Thus, they are still lack for soldiers' hand-signal recognition that involves not only finger motions, but also additional information such as the rotation of a hand. In this paper, we have designed and implemented a new recognition system for six military hand-signal motions, i. e., 'ready', 'move', quick move', 'crawl', 'stop', and 'lying-down'. For this purpose, we have proposed a finger-recognition method and motion-recognition methods. The finger-recognition method discriminate how much each finger is bended, i. e., 'completely flattened', 'slightly flattened', 'slightly bended', and 'completely bended'. The motion-recognition algorithms are based on the characterization of each hand-signal motion in terms of the three axes. Through repetitive experiments, our system have shown 91.2% of correct recognition.