• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9747-9751
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• 2014

Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide and a leading cause of mortality. Incidences continues to rise and vary substantially between populations. Although the prevalence of prostate cancer is relatively low in Vietnam, some hospital-based reports have shown an upward trend in recent years. While certain non-modifiable factors such as age, race and genetics are known to be mainly responsible, the literature has also suggested that environmental exposures can delay the onset of this disease. The present study provides a review of the epidemiology of prostate cancer in Vietnam by systematically searching several electronic databases. The results confirm an increasing trend of prostate cancer over the past decade, with age-standardised rate more than doubled from 2.2 per 100,000 men in 2000 to 4.7 per 100,000 men in 2010. However, no study has been found on modifiable risk factors, with the exception of one in vitro experiment that showed the inhibitory effect of garlic on the growth of prostate cancer cells. The lack of epidemiological information poses a difficulty to develop public health interventions to prevent this emerging malignant disease in Vietnam.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.67-98
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• 2004

New knowledge is created through the dynamic interaction of knowledge that depends largely on a social context within the organization. Social processes influence the nature of knowledge and learning. This paper is rooted in the concept of social capital. Social capital theory emphasizes the importance of social relationship. Using social capital theory, this paper suggests three factors that must be satisfied for the development of knowledge combinative capability. The first factor is that the opportunity exists to make the exchange or combination of knowledge. The second factor is that people is motivated for the creation of new knowledge. The third factor is that people must share the common knowledge. This paper examines the change case of KIPO (Korean Intellectual Property Office). This case provides evidence that the three factors can develop social relationship, and build knowledge combinative capability. The man finding from this research is that social factors play an important part in the creation of knowledge, and processes of knowledge exchange and combination heavily rely upon social patterns, practices and processes in ways which emphasize the value and importance of collective action and knowledge sharing. This research may have several implications for the development of the knowledge creation mechanisms.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2018

PURPOSES : It is necessary to prevent premature failure of concrete pavements caused by durability problems. The purpose of this study was to find factors affecting the durability of concrete pavements, and suggest improvement methods for existing concrete mix design. METHODS : Factors influencing durability were derived from laboratory test data for common field failure conditions and main properties of concrete cores taken from the field. The improvement of concrete properties was investigated by evaluating the performance of existing and proposed mix proportion designs and curing methods. RESULTS : The compressive strength and the absorbing performance of the low Blaine cement and the high-strength mixture were better than those of the Type I cement. Wet curing showed better compressive strength, elastic modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, and absorption performance than air curing or compound curing. As a result of comparing concrete cores collected in the field, the sections with good durability showed good performance in terms of resistance to chloride ion penetration, absorption, and initial absorption rate. CONCLUSIONS : The absorption performance was considered as a possible foactor affecting durability of cement concrete pavements as a result of field core tests. In order to improve the durability of the pavement concrete, it is necessary to improve the existing mixtures and curing methods.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8345-8349
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• 2016

Background: Although the incidence of colorectal cancer in Malaysia is increasing, awareness of this cancer, including its symptoms, risk factors and screening methods, remains low among Malaysian populations. This survey was conducted with the aim of (i) ascertaining the awareness level regarding colorectal cancer symptoms, risk factors and its screening among the general populations and (ii) assessing the public preference and willingness to pay for colorectal cancer screening. Materials and Methods: The questionnaire was distributed in eight major cities in West Malaysia during the World Health Digestive Day (WDHD) campaign. Two thousand four hundred and eight respondents participated in this survey. Results: Generally, awareness of colorectal cancer was found to be relatively good. Symptoms such as change in bowel habit, blood in the stool, weight loss and abdominal pain were well recognized by 86.6%, 86.9%, 83.4% and 85.6% of the respondents, respectively. However, common risk factors such as positive family history, obesity and old age were acknowledged only by less than 70% of the respondents. Almost 80% of the respondents are willing to take the screening test even without any apparent symptoms. Colonoscopy is the preferred screening method, but only 37.5% were willing to pay from their own pocket to get early colonoscopy. Conclusions: Continous cancer education should be promoted with more involvement from healthcare providers in order to make future colorectal cancer screening programs successful.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.634-643
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was performed to investigate the type and frequency of end colostomy-related complications and to identify the risk factors for those complications. Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records was made in 708 patients who underwent end colostomy in Samsung Medical Center between October 1994 and February 2005. The type was divided into stomal and peristomal complications: stomal complications included bleeding, necrosis, mucocutaneous separation, prolapsed stoma, retraced stoma, stenosis, and hyperplasia; peristomal complications did peristomal varix, peristomal hernia, irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, maceration, folliculitis, hyperplasia, bacterial infection, candidal infection, malignancy in the peristomal area, mechanical damage and pyoderma gangrenosum. Results: For stomal complications, hyperplasia was most common(9.0%). For peristomal complications, irritant contact dermatitis was developed in 17.4%. Sex and BMI were risk factors for irritant contact dermatitis, hyperplasia, peristomal hernia, flat stoma, and retracted stoma. Conclusion: Teaching for preventing irritant contact dermatitis such as proper pouching and peristomal skin protection, and for comprehensive weight control should be emphasized on self care program for ostomates, while ostomy care nurse should take a careful consideration of preoperative ostomy site marking in female obese patients.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2014

Delay is the most common problem in the construction industry. It has many negative effects on project's success in terms of time, cost, quality, and safety. From the literature review, a total of thirty-five factors of delay were selected. These factors were divided into seven groups related to materials, manpower, owner, consultant, contractor, construction, and external problems. This study was carried out to identify the main causes of delay for a construction project through their importance level. The importance level was determined based on the frequency of occurrence and severity of impact. The structured questionnaire has distributed to the respondents who have much experience in construction management in Bangladesh. The results of analysis indicated that top five factors of construction delay according to their level of importance are: (1) price of construction materials increased very rapidly, (2) political situation (revolution/ public strikes), (3) shortages of skilled workers, (4) poor site management and supervision by contractor, (5) incompetent/ immature subcontractors. These findings of this study are expected to be significant contributions to Bangladesh construction industry in controlling current performance of project on time overrun.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.153-180
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• 2009

The previous researches about knowledge sharing were proceeded in terms of KMS (Knowledge Management System) in center. However, knowledge sharing is recently applied to Internet space, which is open to every users, as well as KMS, which is qualified for restricted people. For example, some portal sites, such as Naver, the most popular portal in Korea, have virtual spaces to share users' knowledges and it is common that many users use the spaces. Knowledge sharing online, compared with KMS, will be more advanced to promote intention for knowledge sharing because of the character of Internet space that is open to all users. Nevertheless, there are few researches about knowledge sharing in the Internet. Considering this situation, this study is attempted to figure out the factors to promote Internet knowledge sharing, based on social capital theory and self-expression concept. A survey of experienced Internet user and PLS (Partial Least Square) were utilized for analysis. The test of this study reveals that social capital and self-expression are significant factors to influence knowledge sharing intention, and that also personal innovation and self-efficacy are significantly related to the self-expression. However, personal innovation does not have significant impact on social capital. According to the result, self-expression, as well as trust and system itself, has significantly effect on knowledge sharing intention in order to promote knowledge sharing in the Internet.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1533-1537
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• 2012

In general, breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in developed as well as some developing countries, often being the second leading cause of cancer mortality after lung cancer. Using a parametric log-logistic model to consider the effects of prognostic factors, the present study focused on the 5-year survival of women with the diagnosis of breast cancer in Southern Iran. A total of 1,148 women who were diagnosed with primary invasive breast cancer from January 2001 to January 2005 were included and divided into three prognosis groups: poor, medium, and good. The survival times as well as the hazard rates of the three different groups were compared. The log-logistic model was employed as the best parametric model which could explain survival times. The hazard rates of the poor and the medium prognosis groups were respectively 13 and 3 times greater than in the good prognosis group. Also, the difference between the overall survival rates of the poor and the medium prognosis groups was highly significant in comparison to the good prognosis group. Use of the parametric log-logistic model - also a proportional odds model - allowed assessment of the natural process of the disease based on hazard and identification of trends.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1470-1481
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to research on facial shape to suggest a quantified data for the domestic apparel and beauty industry. Conducted a measurement research of 278 female college students, We took the photographs of front view and lateral view of the subjects by digital camera and obtained the 69 measurements through the facial measurement program. 264 ,subjects' measurement data were analyzed by various statistical methods such as descriptive analysis, factor analysis and cluster analysis. Using the 69 measurement items,4 factors were selected as key factors for the factor analysis of facial shape, the factors are: \circled1 Front face height \circled2 Side face radial length \circled3 Front face breadth \circled4 Ear height and Gnathion radial length. We categorized the facial shape into four types by cluster analysis. Type 4 is the most common facial shape in female college students: \circled1 Type 1: Round face \circled2 Type 2: Oval face \circled3 Type 3: Square face \circled4 Type 4: Heart shaped face According to the facial shape analysis, facial shape of female college students are consisting of Heart shaped face(34.8%), Round face(29.2%), Square face(23.5%), oval face(12.5%).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.5945-5950
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• 2015

A 6-year retrospective cohort study was conducted among Thai hematologic malignancy (HM) patients receiving intensive chemotherapy. Of the 145 eligible patients receiving 893 chemotherapy sessions, 46.9% were female, median age was 52 years, and the most common HM diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (46.2%). Febrile neutropenia (FN) occurred in 14.9% of chemotherapy sessions with an incidence of 24.8 per 1,000 chemotherapy cycles per year. Independent factors associated with FN were receiving the first chemotherapy cycle [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 4.1], having hemoglobin ${\leq}100g/L$ (aHR 3.7) and platelet ${\leq}140,000/{\mu}L$ (aHR 2.7) on chemotherapy day and receiving acute myeloid leukemia regimens (aHR 20.8). Granulocyte colony stimulating factor was significantly associated with reduced rate of FN when given in those receiving CHOP regimen. With the median follow-up time of 16 months, the overall survival time was significantly longer in patients without FN than those with FN (61.7 vs. 20.8 months; p<0.001).