• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.188-190
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• 2012

Kikuchi's disease (KD) is an idiopathic and self-limiting necrotizing lymphadenitis that predominantly occurs in young females. It is common in Asia, and the cervical lymph nodes are commonly involved. Generally, KD has symptoms and signs of lymph node tenderness, fever, and leukocytopenia, but there are no reports on treatment for the associated myofacial pain. We herein report a young female patient who visited a pain clinic and received a trigger point injection 2 weeks before the diagnosis of KD. When young female patients with myofascial pain visit a pain clinic, doctors should be concerned about the possibility of KD, which is rare but can cause severe complications.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 2001

Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and no cure is known so far. Extensive genetic works and in vitro experiments combined with clinical observations link amyloid $\beta$--protein (A$\beta$-) to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It was hypothesized that $A\beta$- becomes toxic when it adopts a fibrillar conformation. Recently, non-fibrillar form of $A\beta$- was observed and the potential role in the pathogenesis of AD became an interesting subject. In this study, the cytotoxicity of non-fibrillar $A\beta$- and fibrillar $A\beta$- was compared on oxidative stress, membrane damage, or nucleosome break down. Non-fibrillar $A\beta$- was not toxic in peripheral nervous system-derived cells but significantly toxic in central nervous system-derived cells while fibrillar $A\beta$- was non-selectively toxic in both cell culture. The neurotoxicity of non-fibrillar $A\beta$- was reproduced in semi-in vivo culture of mouse brain slice. In conclusion, non-fibrillar $A\beta$- could be more relevant to the selective neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's brains than fibrillar $A\beta$- and further research needs to be done for identification of the cause of AD.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.1146-1157
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• 1997

Fibrosing mediastinitis is a rare disease which is characterized by excessive fibrosis of mediastinum and symptoms caused by compression and obstruction of mediastinal structures. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is unknown, granulomatous infection is cinsidered to be the most common cause of this disease. Histoplasmosis is the most common etiology, especially in the endemic areas in United States. Tuberculosis is another etiology of fibrosing mediastinitis. We experienced two cases of fibrosing mediastinitis associated with tuberculous infection.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.383-389
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• 2002

This is a retrospective study on emergency patients with active oral bleeding. The study was based on a series of 135 patients treated as emergency patients at Wonju Christian Hospital, from Jan. 1, 1997, to Dec. 31, 2001. The postoperative bleeding was the most frequent cause of active oral bleeding in emergency room and bleeding from trauma and medically compromised (bleeding disorders) patients were next in order of frequency. In the injury of maxillofacial vessels, peak incidence was occurred in the inferior alveolar vessel (42.9%), followed by the submucosal vessel of lip & cheek, the superior alveolar vessel, and sublingual vessels. The most common disease of bleeding disorders was vascular wall alteration (infection, etc), followed by liver disease, thrombocytopenic purpura, anti-coagulation drugs in order. In the characteristics of dental diseases on bleeding disorders, periodontal disease and alveolar osteitis (osteomyelitis) were more common. The hemostasis was most obtained by use of wound suture, simple pressure dressing, drainage for infection control and primary interdental wiring of fracture. In the complication group, the infrequent incidence was showed in vomiting, hypovolemic shock, syncope, recurred bleeding & aspiration pneumonia. In the uncontrolled oral bleeding, the injured vessels were suspected as skull base & ethmoidal vessels. In this study, authors found that the close cooperation between the dentistry (Oral and maxillofacial surgery) and the medicine (emergency & internal medicine) was the most important for early proper control of active oral bleeding. And then post-operative wound closure, drainage for infection control and previous systemic evaluation of bleeding disorders were critical for the prevention of postoperative bleeding in the local dental clinic.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.35-38
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• 2001

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic disease of the skin marked by groups of watery, itch blisters. It is characterized by urticarial plaques and blisters on the elbows, buttocks, and knees, although other sites may also be involved. The ingestion of gluten (the proteins gliadin and prolamin contained in wheat, rye, oats, and barley) triggers an immune system reponse that deposits a substance, IgA (immonuglobin A), under the top layer of skin. IgA is present in affected as well as unaffected skin. DH is a hereditary autoimmune disease linked with celiac disease. Treatment for DH is twofold. (1) Remove the cause: gluten. (2) Suppress the skin response with drugs such as Dapsone or some other sulphones. The latter is the most common treatment used as it is rapidly relieves the itch. However there are some side effects associated with these medications and they need to be taken under medical monitoring with blood tests to detect side effects. Recently, we experienced a DH and that was successfully treated by the herbal medication and external therapy. The medications taken by the patient were yongdamsagantanggami and external therapy were gosam and gumunhwa. So we report this case with a bief review of the oriental medical and medical literatures.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.136-140
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• 2013

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in diabetic patients. The occurrence of non-diabetic renal disease (NDRD) in diabetic patients has been increasingly recognized in recent years. Generally, renal injuries in DN are deemed difficult to reverse, whereas some NDRDs are often treatable and even remittable. Thus, the diagnosis of NDRD in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) via a kidney biopsy would be significant for its prognosis and therapeutic strategy. According to recent studies, the most common NDRD is IgA nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients, and some cases of minimal change disease and membranous glomerulonephritis have been reported in Korea. However, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is an uncommon condition in diabetic patients. To our knowledge, there has been no case yet of MPGN, except in a child with type 1 DM. We present an unusual case of a 27-year-old woman who had type 2 DM with MPGN, as confirmed via a kidney biopsy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.1282-1286
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• 2006

Purpose : The causes of prolonged fever have changed during the years and are influenced by age, geographic location and availability of diagnostic facilities/techniques. The aim of the present study was to determine the causes of prolonged fever, to know the proportion and outcomes of undiagnosed children. Methods : We reviewed patients with fever persisting for more than 2 weeks in duration, with documented temperatures of $38^{\circ}C$ on several occasions, or uncertain diagnosis after intensive study of 1 week duration in other hospitals who were admitted to Pusan National University Hospital during the period from July 1999 to June 2004. Results : Fifty-four (59.0 percent) were boys and thirty-seven (41 percent) were girls. Forty-six cases were less than 6 years and 45 cases were more than 6 years; the mean age was $6.48{\pm}6.56years$. In 62 cases (68.1 percent), the fever had persisted for 2 to 3 weeks before admission and in 26 cases (28.6 percent), had lasted longer than a month. Final diagnosis had been reached in 66 of 91 children (72.5 percent). The most common cause was infection (38/91), followed by collagen vascular disease (12/91), immune deficiency (3/91), neoplasia (2/91), and miscellaneous disease. Tuberculosis was the most common infectious cause. The causes of fever were not revealed in 25 cases. Outcome on discharge were as follows; 77 cases (84.6 percent) were improved, 10 cases (11.0 percent) discharged without improvement and 4 cases (4.4 percent) expired. Conclusion : The most common cause of prolonged fever in Korean children remains infection, but the incidence of infection was decreased as compared with previous studies. Tuberculosis is the most common among infectious causes. As Kikuchi disease (subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis) represented a significant cause of prolonged fever, it should be considered if a patient has neutropenia with lymphadenopathy. Undiagnosed patients with prolonged fever (27.5 percent) have increased over previous studies.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.718-724
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• 2008

In order to classify diseases of oriental medicine in liaison with International Classification of Diseases, there should be intermediation and sharing concepts between the two in addition to proper classification. Classification units were settled for differentiation of diseases or syndromes first. And second, the standard forms of disease classification system were proposed. Third, this classification system was made of serial groupings of syndrome under the traditional disease name. Fourth, the location of disease and the interrelation between different syndromes were depicted with diagram in order to define more clearly. As the results and conclusion, The classification units were composed of 2 categories; topology, organ, meridian, somatic structure, body fluid units for description and various regulatory unit terms of western and traditional medicine for explanation. The mixed classification model of western diseases and traditional syndromes(證) was adopted as a fundamental classification system containing disease by exterior pathogen, systemic internal diseases, psychoneuronal diseases, metabolic diseases, diseases of sense organs, supportive structure diseases, obstetric-gynecology diseases, child diseases, 4-type constitutional diseases. And those were differentiated with generalized, localized, functional, oncogenic, environmental features in detail. The cause, site, condition, dispositions must be expressed in each disease name too. The types of diagnosis using classification system are principal and final diagnosis, principal procedure, main conditions, and these are applied to this Korean classification system equally. For more clarification of differentiation, a plane topological map and three dimensional coordinates were proposed to manifest the location, features and relation of disease itself or each other.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.127-130
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• 2014

Autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the world. It is characterized clinically by gradual thyroid failure, goiter formation, or both, because of the autoimmune-mediated destruction of the thyroid gland. Renal involvement presenting proteinuria in autoimmune thyroiditis is not uncommon, occurring in 10% to 30% of the cases. Glomerulonephropathy associated with autoimmune thyroiditis, however, is a rare disease. Most reports of autoimmune thyroiditis with glomerulonephropathy have demonstrated a mixed pathological morphology and have been predominantly associated with membranous glomerulopathy. The case of minimal-change disease associated with thyroiditis presenting acute kidney injury is a rare disease that has not been reported in South Korea. Reported herein is the case of a 16-year-old man diagnosed with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, with minimal-change disease presenting acute kidney injury. He revealed hypothyroidism, proteinuria, and impaired renal function. Renal biopsy showed minimal-change disease and minimal tubular atrophy. The patient was treated with thyroid hormone, and his renal function and proteinuria improved. Therefore, for patients with autoimmune thyroiditis presenting unexplained proteinuria, glomer-ulonephropathy should be ruled out. Conversely, for patients with glomerulonephropathy and persistent proteinuria despite proper treatment, thyroid function and antibody tests should be performed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1102-1105
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• 1998

Chronic granulomatous disease in childhood is a rare inheritable disorder of phagocytic cells in which defective production of the reactive intermediates of oxygen predisposes the patient to severe recuring pyogenic infections. The lung is the most common site of infection and pulmonary disease is the primary cause of death for greater than 50% of children with chronic granulomatous disease. Although the role of surgery in management of this disease remains undefined, rapid diagnosis of the underlying pulmonary problem is crucial to determine the most appropriate antimicrobial therapy and surgical techniques such as lobectomy of involved areas lead to more rapid recovery and thus allow the antibiotics to be more efficacious in these cases. We have treated a one month old male baby who had the chronic granulomatous disease with pulmonary infection. Wide surgical resection of the affected lobe and use of antibiotics and antifungals were carried out with good clinical results. He was well after the operation.