• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.565-574
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• 1998

The friction factor distribution of commercial pipes vary according to the pipe type and size. The present paper developed the friction factor equations of power law by analyzing the data reported by Colebrook(1938). Generally, pipe design requires pump power, discharge or pipe diameter for each condition given. Yoo(1995b) has suggested the basic equations for the explicit design of uniformly rough pipe and Yoo and Kang(1996) have refined those equations for the cases of uniformly rough pipe on a sloping bed with a pumping power. Furthermore Yoo and Kang(1997) have studied the design of commercial pipe for a general case. The approach gives relatively accurate solutions, but the equations obtained are rather complicated. In the present study two types of power law are developed for the friction factor of commercial pipe, and explicit forms of equations are generated by applying the power law friction factor equations for the simple design of commercial pipes.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.495-501
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• 1997

Pumping power being given, traditional method requires an iteration process for the solution of discharge and pipe diameter. Yoo and Kang (1996) have developed explicit equations for the estimation of discharge and pipe diameter for the cases of uniformly rough pipe on a sloping bed with a pumping power. The use of poser law for the estimation of friction factor enabled to develop the explicit form of equations. Yoo (1995a) has suggested the mean friction factor method for the estimation of friction factor of commercial pipe or composite surface pipe. With the same approach, the present work has developed the explicit equations of discharge or pipe diameter for the general case of commercial pipe on a sloping bed with a pumping power by adopting the mean friction factor method.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.655-660
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• 2004

The pipes in the outdoor unit of an air conditioner are designed to reduce the vibration effect of the compressor. Three-dimensional structure of the pipe could provide various design choices and the resultant vibration characteristics of the outdoor units. A design program has been developed for an eligible parametric study of pipe design and automatic vibration analysis using commercial software, I-DEAS, and its macro. Optimal design of pipe configuration has been performed using the commercial software, iSIGHT. The optimized design shows 70 percents improvement in the vibration characteristics of the outdoor unit of an air conditioner.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2012

This paper addresses influence on the flow field by varying the length of DPF Inlet pipe in 5 ways. Numerical analysis is carried out by using PIV and commercial code and as a result, PIV and commercial code shows correlation correspond to 87%. Furthermore, in the same velocity condition, as stable and high pressure value is shown when the Inlet pipe length is 20mm, particulate filtering rate can be increased.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.31-43
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• 2001

The friction factor of commercial pipe varies with wide range depending on pipe type and pipe size. Various methods can describe the wide variation of friction factor with good accuracy, but they normally require an iteration process even for solution of a simple case. Power law can result in an explicit form of solver so that the power law is rigorously employed for the development of direct solution technique. The parameters used in the present form of power law are allowed to haute some variation with pipe size and Reynolds number as well as pipe type for wider coverage with good accuracy, while Hazen-Williams equation permits limited variation which accounts only for the roughness or the pipe type. Furthermore secondary loss is considered in the development of explicit equations for design of commercial pipes.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.77-82
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• 2010

This study has conducted numerical analysis for lubrication system of transmission for commercial vehicle. The lubrication oil system in transmission can be applied to a large scale commercial vehicle which is over 15tons. The flow rate of lubricating oil has been obtained for each of branch port from the lubrication pipe. The results from numerical simulation are mainly suggested for the mass flow rate of lubrication oil in the rotating main shaft of transmission system. It has been found that the mass flow rate from oil hole increased with an rotating rate of main shaft. The flow characteristic from oil hole has been presented for the lubricating system in the manual transmission.

• Water for future
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.161-172
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• 1996

Studied are the existing equations of Hazen-Williams and Colebrook-White, and the equations of Yoo's (1995) mean zero velocity point and mean friction factor developed for the estimation of commercial pipe friction factor. Simple arrangements of pipe network are devised by changing the diameter, flow discharge and length, and the characteristics of four equations are investigated by comparing the computed results of pressures at each node. Three groups of pipe diameter, small, medium, large, are considered in the comparison, and various problems of existing equations are discussed based on the computed results of pressures and velocities.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.170-170
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• 2010

The energy conversion from the temperature difference between hot and cold source like ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC), requires a long and large-diameter pipe (about 1000 to 10,000 meters long) to reach the deep water. The pipe diameter ranges from 2.8 meter for proposed early test systems, to 5 meter for large, commercial power generation systems. The pipe must be designed to resist collapsing pressures produced by water temperature and density differences, and the reduced pressure required to induce flow up the pipe. Other design considerations include the external-drag effect on the pipe due to ocean currents, and the wave-induced motions of the platform to which the pipe is attached. Various approaches to the pipe construction have been proposed, including aluminum, steel, concrete, and fiberglass. More recently, a flexible pipe construction involving the use of fiberglass reinforced plastic has been proposed. This report presents the results of a scaled fixed cold water pipe (CWP) model test program performed by EES(Engineering Equation Solver) to demonstrate the feasibility of this pipe approach.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.633-640
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• 2014

In this research, the surface roughness affecting the pressure drop in a pipe used as the steam generator of a PWR was studied. Based on the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) technique using a commercial code named ANSYS-FLUENT, a straight pipe was modeled to obtain the Darcy frictional coefficient, changed with a range of various surface roughness ratios as well as Reynolds numbers. The result is validated by the comparison with a Moody chart to set the appropriate size of grids at the wall for the correct consideration of surface roughness. The pressure drop in a full-scale U-shaped pipe is measured with the same code, correlated with the surface roughness ratio. In the next stage, we studied a reduced scale model of a U-shaped heat pipe with experiment and analysis of the investigation into fluid-structure interaction (FSI). The material of the pipe was cut from the real heat pipe of a material named Inconel 690 alloy, now used in steam generators. The accelerations at the fixed stations on the outer surface of the pipe model are measured in the series of time history, and Fourier transformed to the frequency domain. The natural frequency of three leading modes were traced from the FFT data, and compared with the result of a numerical analysis for unsteady, incompressible flow. The corresponding mode shapes and maximum displacement are obtained numerically from the FSI simulation with the coupling of the commercial codes, ANSYS-FLUENT and TRANSIENT_STRUCTURAL. The primary frequencies for the model system consist of three parts: structural vibration, BPF(blade pass frequency) of pump, and fluid-structure interaction.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.19
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• pp.261-268
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• 1999

It is a main object to find out the effect of curvature of pipe on the thermal flow field in copper pipe. the toroidal coordinate system is chosen for this project. 3-D numerical works are done by a commercial code, PHOENICS. The flow and temperature field are simulated and analysed on the view point of variation of pressure and temperature with Dean number. The results show that the strong recirculation phenomena and secondary flow are established and then a lot of pressure drop along main flow direction occurs at the curved portion of pipe and the temperature variation has a reversed trend of pressure variation along the axis of pipe.