• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.257-258
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• 2005

The university building which is located in Daehak-ro where the commercial buildings are. The color of the building exterior and the signs are various to distinguish. To recognize the building exterior among the surrounding areas, it needs visual and bright color on it. The blue and white selected from the color of university identity. The core of the building is treated as a tower In vertically and white color is painted. And the rest parts of the building are treated horizontally and blue color is painted. The color of the building exterior shows the visual effects not only symbolism but attention.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.58-61
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• 2002

A high-rise Mixed-use building is a multi-purpose which has commercial, business and residential uses. In Korea, after the middle of 1990's, the rate of residential parts was Increased to 90%. Now, the residential parts finally bacame mainly. And residental spaces are more important than before. Residential spaces are according to variety trends such in their areas. Some companies have several interior design trend in their building. They sometimes use the interior trend when to sell their goods(apartments) in their macketing. Modern design is presented in almost dwelling-units-types. But Classic type is presented in large-units-types. Minimal design is presented in only some middle-units-type as well as in the cases of the companies having definite interior trend. Interior design trend is one another factor in dwelling spaces design.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.492-501
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• 2012

In this paper, the status of the recent applications of carbon fiber was investigated through the published papers, informations or data of the internet etc. The production cost of the carbon fiber will be lowered and in the other hand the quality would be upgraded. Therefore in the automobile area, the use of the carbon fiber will be increased, specially for the high quality cars and the sports cars. Also the structures, wings and many secondary parts of the commercial airplanes will be made of carbon fibers more and more. The carbon fiber applications are extended to many fields including ship buildings like as boats, canoes and retrofitting in civil engineering, sporting goods, instruments etc.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.51-57
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• 2013

Metal curtain wall systems are widely used in high-rise commercial and residential buildings. While aluminum is the most frequent used frame material, steel framing is also reemerging as a high-performance material in glazed curtain walls due to less thermal conductivity and design flexibility. The purpose of this study is to evaluate thermal performance of a steel frame curtain wall system by comparing with a aluminum frame curtain wall system. The thermal transmittance was measured according to KS 2278, and condensation resistance was calculated by the test results according to KS F 2295. The steel framing test specimen showed lower thermal transmittance and temperature descending factor compared to the aluminum framing test specimen.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.59-68
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the spatial change of coastal area called Nampo-dong in Busan. And then the subject of research was chiefly concentrated upon the development of southern coast and the land-reclamation based on the commercial facilities after the opening port. There were various reclamation projects in the coastal area of Japanese settlement under the Rule of Japan. Busan Nambin Coast(Currently, Nampo-dong) was one of typical reclamation projects conducted in the southern seashore. Due to the characteristic of coastal area, fishery was developed well and the entertainment industry also grew rapidly with the characteristic of the short distance of urban centre. In this study, we investigated the process of reflecting the characteristic of spatial change that were pursued by communities at that time, particularly through the establishment and change of buildings.

• Architectural research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.75-84
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• 2022

Scads of earthquake-resistant systems are being invented around the globe to ensure structural resistance against the lateral forces induced by earthquake loadings considering structural safety, efficiency, and economic aspects. Shear wall and Bracing systems are proved to be two of the most viable solutions for seismic strengthening of structures. In the present study, three numerical models of a G+10 storied building are developed in commercial building analysis software considering shear wall and bracing systems for earthquake resistance. Material nonlinearity is introduced by using plastic hinges. Analyses are performed utilizing two dynamic methods: Response Spectrum analysis and nonlinear Time-history analysis using Kobe and Loma Prieta earthquake data and results are compared to observe the nonlinear behavior of structures. The outcomes exposed that a significant increase in the seismic responses occurs due to the nonlinearity in the building systems. It was also found that building with shear wall exhibits maximum resistance and minimum nonlinearity when subjected to dynamic loadings.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.171-179
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• 2024

Decentralized energy production without greenhouse gas emissions from renewable energy sources despite their advantage and environmental impact suffers from the problem of intermittent and fluctuating supply depending on weather conditions. To overcome this problem, energy storage is essential to enable reliable and continuous supply of the load. Hydrogen is one of the most promising energy storage solutions because it is easily transportable and can be used as fuel or as a raw material for the production of other chemicals.In this article, we will focus on hydrogen energy storage techniques using photovoltaic systems. We will review the different types of hydrogen storage structuresfor several applications, including residential and commercial buildings, as well as industry and transportation (electric vehicles using PEFMC fuel cells).

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.456-474
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• 2020

This study investigated the initial behavior (flowability and setting properties) and shrinkage characteristics of lime mortar, based on the mixing ratio of hydrated lime (lump, powder) and commercial lime, which is primarily used for repairing and restoring cultural assets. The flowability showed that the optimum mixing water contents of the masonry lime mortar were 8-10% for the lump hydrated lime, 10-18% for the powdered hydrated lime, and 17-40% for the commercial hydrated lime. The results of the setting and shrinkage analysis showed that the average final setting time ratio compared to the standard of cultural asset repair was in the increasing order of commercial hydrated lime(0.4) < powder hydrated lime(5.6) < lump hydrated lime(5.7). Moreover, the average shrinkage ratio was ordered as lump hydrated lime(1.1) < powder hydrated lime(1.2) < commercial hydrated lime(3.0). The analysis of the physical and chemical characteristics of hydrated lime showed that the optimum mixing water content was reduced as the particle size of the lime increased, thus delaying the setting time and decreasing the length change rate (shrinkage). These results are expected to contribute to the prediction of the initial behavior and shrinkage characteristics of mortars using handmade and commercial lime during repair and restoration work on cultural, heritage buildings.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.3 s.110
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• pp.31-42
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• 2005

Much has been made of the changes over time to apartment complexes during the era of rapid development in Korea. This study aimed at analyzing the chronological changes since the 1970s in the laws and regulations governing outdoor space and the residents' appreciation of outdoor space in Daejeon's apartment complexes. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. Similar changes can be found throughout Daejeon's apartment complexes. As time has passed, the building-to-land ratio and the floor-to-land ratio have deceased. The high density trend of apartment complexes has continued until very recently. 2. Although residents' satisfaction with outdoor space around apartments has improved, land for athletic and commercial spaces still remains at its lowest level. Therefore, these kinds of spaces need improvement. 3. Comparing the characteristics of outdoor space in apartment complexes from the 1980s to present indicates that current apartment residents are much more satisfied with the outdoor space, but are conscious of the lack of adequate facilities for the elderly and the handicapped people, and of the hiか density of their apartment complexes. Therefore, these essential consciousness should also be further improved. 4. The residents are gradually becoming aware of changes to the outdoor space that have occurred over time in the apartment complexes, such as in the areas allowed to parking, pedestrians, and athletics. 5. These chronological changes relate to the residents' interest in the changes that have occurred to the outdoor space, especially the convenience of parking, the color of the buildings, the form of the buildings, and the shape of the roofs.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.21-36
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• 2010

A new full scale testing apparatus generically named the Wall of Wind (WoW) has been built by the researchers at the International Hurricane Research Center (IHRC) at Florida International University (FIU). WoW is capable of testing single story building models subjected up to category 3 hurricane wind speeds. Depending on the relative model and WoW wind field sizes, testing may entail blockage issues. In addition, the proximity of the test building to the wind simulator may also affect the aerodynamic data. This study focuses on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) assessment of the effects on the quality of the aerodynamic data of (i) blockage due to model buildings of various sizes and (ii) wind simulator proximity for various distances between the wind simulator and the test building. The test buildings were assumed to have simple parallelepiped shapes. The computer simulations were performed under both finite WoW wind-field conditions and in an extended Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) wind flow. Mean pressure coefficients for the roof and the windward and leeward walls served as measures of the blockage and wind simulator proximity effects. The study uses the commercial software FLUENT with Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations and a Renormalization Group (RNG) k-${\varepsilon}$ turbulence model. The results indicated that for larger size test specimens (i.e. for cases where the height of test specimen is larger than one third of the wind field height) blockage correction may become necessary. The test specimen should also be placed at a distance greater than twice the height of the test specimen from the fans to reduce proximity effect.