• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.295-300
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on jump performance and balance in soccer player with functional ankle instability of difference of neuromuscular training. In 33 male college soccer player with functional ankle instability subjects of this study randomization, combined training group (group I, n=11), balance training group (group II, n=11) and control group (group III, n=11) that included in the plyometric training and balance training was classified group. The intervention was conducted three times a week for 8 weeks. Before and after intervention, measured in surface area ellipse and countermovement jump and countermovement jump with arm swing. Showed a significant improvement in postural control and jump performance from the combined training group and balance training group compared to the control group. Showed a significant improvement in countermovement jump from the combined training group compared to the balance training group. Combined training and balance training showed the increased jump performance and postural control in soccer player with functional ankle instability.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2012

Purpose : We investigated the effects of the combined use of FES and over ground walking with partial body-weight support (PBWS) on walking function and balance control in people with chronic strokes. Methods : Twenty-seven people who were ambulatory after chronic strokes were evaluated. The exercise's intervention consisted of the combined use of FES and over ground walking with PBWS and general exercise groups. The FES + PBWS group and general exercise group consisted on a-20-minute session per day, 3 times a week during a 4 week period. The evaluation was carried out before, after, and two weeks after the exercise intervention. Outcome measures were a 6 Minute Walk Test, 6-Meter walk Test, Timed Up and Go Test, and a Balance Test, measured before and after the exercise interventions at a-2 week follow up. Results : The endurance was significantly increased in both the FES+PBWS group and general exercise group (p<0.05). Significant increase on the gait velocity was observed in both the FES+PBWS group and general exercise group (p<0.05). The TUG was significantly different in both the FES + PBWS group and general exercise group (p<0.05). However there were no differences in both the between-group & interaction. The stability index was significantly different in both the FES + PBWS group and general exercise group (p<0.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, the combined use of FES and over ground walking with PBWS led to an improvement in walking function and balance control. Thus, it is possible to combine the use of FES and over ground walking with PBWS for physical therapy intervention to improve walking function and balance control. It is suggested to apply this intervention in the clinical field.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.275-284
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• 2024

Worldwide, cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death, which accordingly increased by hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia therapy can include lifestyle changes and medications to control cholesterol levels. Statins are the medications of the first choice for dealing with lipid abnormalities. Rosuvastatin founds to control high lipid levels by hindering liver production of cholesterol and to achieve the targeted levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, another lipid lowering agents named ezetimibe may be used as an added therapy. Both rosuvastatin and ezetimibe have low bioavailability which will stand as barrier to decrease cholesterol levels, because of such depictions, formulations of this combined therapy in nanotechnology will be of a great assistance. Our study demonstrated preparations of nanoparticles of this combined therapy, showing their physical characterizations, and examined their behavior in laboratory conditions and vivo habitation. The mean particle size was uniform, polydispersity index and zeta potential of formulations were found to be in the ranges of (0.181-0.72) and (-13.4 to -6.24), respectively. Acceptable limits of entrapment efficiency were affirmed with appearance of spherical and uniform nanoparticles. In vitro testing showed a sustained release of drug exceeded 90% over 24 h. In vivo study revealed an enhanced dissolution and bioavailability from loaded nanoparticles, which was evidenced by calculated pharmacokinetic parameters using triton for hyperlipidemia induction. Stability studies were performed and assured that the formulations are kept the same up to one month. Therefore, nano formulations is a suitable transporter for combined therapy of rosuvastatin and ezetimibe with improvement in their dissolution and bioavailability.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-137
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• 2003

A single subject experimental design (alternating treatment design) was used to compare the effects of only ultrasound and ultrasound combined with stretching of the joint capsule on the ROM increase and pain reduction in patients with frozen shoulder. Two subjects were included in each group. In the only ultrasound treatment sessions, ultrasound was applied at the pain point of the shoulder joint in supine position. In the ultrasound combined with stretching treatment sessions, ultrasound was applied at the pain point of the shoulder joint positioned in external rotation and abduction in sitting position. Only ultrasound treatment and ultrasound combined with stretching treatment were alternately performed on each patient. Pain and disability was measured by shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), and range of motion (ROM) was measured by scratch test. The results of this study showed that ultrasound combined with stretching treatment were more effective than only ultrasound treatment in ROM increase and pain reduction. However, disability score was not significantly different.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.703-707
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• 2008

To examine the efficacy of electrical acupuncture combined bee venom in controlling low back with leg pain induced Herniated Intervertebral Disc (HIVD). 13 patients (men 8, women 5; age $41.30\;{\pm}\;17.27$) diagnosed as HIVD by CT or MRI had low back and leg pain as a chief complaint and diseases such as spinal tumor, infection and fracture were excluded. They were treated by electrical acupuncture (8 Hz) combined bee venom therapy three times a week in Wonkwang University Hospital, and pain intensity with VAS and functioning with Roland-Morris Disability Qestionnaire(RDQ) were measured at the baseline(B), and 4 weeks after treatment. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed ranks test(SPSS12.0) and the level set for statistical significance was P<0.05. The pain was significantly reduced by two combined treatments (=0.002;$B7.69{\pm}2.06$,4Wks$4.70{\pm}2.72$). The function was also significantly improved by both treatments(=0.001;$B12.15{\pm}6.85$,4Wks$6.85{\pm}5.15$). The results suggest that a combination of acupuncture and bee venom therapy may be beneficial for low back pain from HIVD. In future, randomized clinical trials including follow-up are needed to examine the effects of these therapies.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.287-301
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• 2021

Purpose: Gait training for stroke patients focuses on adjusting to new environments to facilitate outdoor walking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the effects of various ground obstacle walking combined with treadmill walking on the gait parameters and functional gait ability of chronic stroke patients. Methods: Twenty-four chronic stroke patients were divided into two groups: an experimental group (n = 12) and a control group (n = 12). The experimental group received a combined gait training using various ground obstacle walking and treadmill walking (VGOW) five times/week for four weeks. The control group received traditional treadmill training (TW) five times/week for four weeks. Patients were evaluated using the figure-8 walk test (F8WT) and the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) before and after each intervention. Results: The ANCOVA results showed that both treatments significantly influenced F8WT steps, F8WT time, and FGA score. The paired t-test results showed a significant improvement in F8WT steps, F8WT time, and FGA score in the experimental group compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: Combined gait training using various ground obstacle walking and treadmill walking can improve gait ability in chronic stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.252-259
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of progressive body weight decrease combined with increasing level of overground walking speed training for patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Eighteen subjects with chronic stroke were composed of the control group (5% body weight support combined with increasing speed training) and the experimental group (progressive body weight decrease with increasing speed training); three sets, three times per week over a period of four weeks. Results: Significant differences in terms of comfortable gait speed (CGS) and the rate of change of CGS were observed between the control and experimental groups (p<0.05). However, no significant difference in the dynamic gait index was observed between the control and experimental groups (p>0.05). A significant difference in the 6 minute walking test (6MWT) was observed for the experimental group, and a significant difference in the rate of change for the 6MWT was observed between the control and experimental groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The progressive body weight decrease combined with increasing in level of overground walking speed training may be a better and more effective method for community walking and reintegration.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.144-148
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of pharmacopuncture combined thread implantation therapy for treating localized obesity. The study was conducted on 3 subjects with abdominal localized fat, 1 subject with thigh and 1 subject with calf localized fat. We practiced two kinds of pharmacopunture, which were cultivated wild ginseng and contacting Ephedra sinica pharmacopuncture. In addition, we practiced thread implantation to 20 points on muscle membrane layer. We performed these treatments once in 2 weeks, totally for 3 times. After treatments, abdominal circumference and waist-hip ratio were reduced by 4.6 % and 0.13, respectively. In addition, circumferences of thigh and calf were reduced by 5.8 % and 4%. We supposed that this combined therapy could be useful to deal with localized fat deposit. Long-term evaluation and further studies are required to identify effect size of this therapy.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.444-449
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study is to observe the change in the thickness of abdominal muscles when electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) is applied to the abdomen during rest and abdominal muscle exercise to investigate the effect of EMS applied to the abdomen on the superficial and deep muscles thickness. Design: Cross sectional design. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects participated in this study. Subjects were performed resting position, resting position with EMS, curl-up and curl-up with EMS. The electrode of the EMS belt is attached to the abdominal wall between the 12th rib and iliac crest. The thickness of abdominal muscles including rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and transverse abdominis (TrA) were captured in each position by ultrasound image during expiration. All subjects were performed four positions randomly. Data were analyzed using repeated ANOVA with the level of significance set at 𝛼=0.05. Results: The muscle thickness of RA, EO, IO and TrA were significantly different at each position (p<0.05). The thickness of all abdominal muscles increased significantly when curl-up than curl-up with EMS. Both RA and EO thickness were significantly increased at resting position than resting position and EMS were combined(p<0.05). But IO and TrA thickness were decreased at resting position when EMS were combined. Conclusions: The results suggest that EMS activates superficial abdominal muscles RA and EO. Therefore, abdominal strengthening exercise combined EMS can activate abdominal muscles and can be applied to various patients and rehabilitation in clinical practice.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.344-349
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether sit to stand training combined with ultrasound improves the spasticity, muscle strength and gait speed in stroke patients Design: Randomized controlled study Methods: The current study included 40 stroke patients, who were randomly divided into two groups: the sit to stand training with ultrasound (USTS) group (n=20) and the sit to stand training (STS) group (n=20). All the participants underwent 30 sessions of STS training (thirty minutes, five days per week for six weeks). Additionally, the USTS group received ultrasound therapy. The present study evaluated the spasticity of ankle plantar-flexors by the composite spasticity score. The muscle strength and gait speed were evaluated using the handheld dynamometer and the 10-meter walk test, respectively. Results: The USTS group and the STS group showed significant improvements in spasticity, muscle strength and gait speed after the intervention (p<0.05). Significant improvement in the spasticity, muscle strength, and gait speed were observed in the USTS group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the current study imply that sit to stand training combined with ultrasound is a beneficial and effective therapeutic modality that can be employed to improve the spasticity, muscle strength and gait speed in stroke patients.