• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제41권9호
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• pp.885-894
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• 2008

합류식 관거 내 고형물의 퇴적으로 인해 통수능이 감소하여 여름철 장마시 국지적인 침수가 발생하며 이로 인해 관거 내 퇴적을 더욱 초래할 수가 있다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하고 관거의 적절한 유지관리를 위해서는 지표면으로 부터의 고형물 부하량 산정 및 강우로 인해 지표 퇴적 고형물이 관거 내로 유입되어 퇴적되는 양을 산정할 필요가 있으나 많은 비용과 노력이 수반되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 지표면에서의 고형물 부하량 산정기법을 우리나라 군자배수유역에 적용하여 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 MOUSE모형을 적용한 결과를 이용하여 관거 내 고형물 퇴적량을 산정하기 위한 회귀식을 개발하고 적용성을 검토하였다. 분석결과 유역 내 관거에서의 퇴적고형물 관측자료가 구비되어 있지 않아 실질적으로 비교하기는 곤란하지만, MOUSE 모형결과 및 타 유역에서의 적용결과로 볼 때 적용성이 있다고 판단되며, 합류식 관거 유지관리에 개발된 산정식을 유용하게 이용할 수 있으리라 본다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.631-639
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• 2007

This study investigated the construction and operation status of sewer pipes and water-purifier tanks near densely populated areas like large apartment complexes, in order to find out cause for offensive orders. The study results revealed that the main cause arose from the water-purifier tank and public sewer pipes near ordinary residential areas. First, in case of independent water-purifier tanks, the air is forced into the rotten part of large tanks nearby which should be operated in an anaerobic state, so that the tank changes into an aerobic state, or dirty water, which is returned during the sludge return process, falls on the top of the rotten tank, preventing scum from forming within the tank. Such problems cause incompletely purified water in the purifier tank to be discharged, which in turn results in filthy water. Second, in case of public sewer pipes, deteriorated or aging pipes, or the mixture of rain water and dirty water by mixing up combined and separated sewers system can cause foul odors in residential areas. Therefore, offensive odors in residential areas can be radically reduced through the appropriate construction and management of facilities including water-purifier tanks. As well, if more separate sewers are installed as part of an improvement project for public sewer pipes, complaints about foul smell can be minimized.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2008

최근 국내에서는 도시지역 내배수시스템에 대한 문제점들을 개선하기 위하여 정비사업이 활발히 이루어지고 있으나 시설물에 대한 자료의 구축이 부족하며 정비사업을 시행함에 있어서 체계적인 정비사업 시행 및 관리가 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 내배수시설에 대한 자료의 효율적 저장과 합리적 관리를 목적으로 하는 도시유역 내배수시설 유지관리시스템을 구축하였다. 이 시스템은 수리 수문 해석 모듈을 이용하여 통수능 검토에 따른 우수배제 목적의 합리적 근거를 마련하고 우수토실에서의 합류식 하수관거 월류수의 발생량을 추정하며, 현재 표본지역의 중요지점에서만 관측되는 불명수에 대하여 관거별로 불명수를 배분하여 관거별 노후도를 평가하는 I/I분석 및 노후도 평가 모듈, 개량사업의 최적 우선순위의 결정 및 합리적인 의사 결정을 위하여 수리 수문 해석 모듈과 노후도 평가모듈이 연계된 최적 개 보수 우선순위 모델을 구축함으로써 최적개량 의사결정이 가능한 종합적 연계시스템을 구축하였다. 또한 이 시스템은 사용자 화면 구성 형태로 개발되었다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.37-52
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• 1992

Since the first sewage treatment plant was constructed in 1976, the sewerage systems of Korea have been rapidly expanded. As of the end of 1991, 22 sewage treatment plants with total capacity of 5.4 million tons/day are in operation which is equivalent of 3395 total daily sewage generation. Total extension of sewer 39.534 km in 1990 which is 55% of the target extension for the year 2001. However, the most sewage treatment plants employ activated sludge process which may not be suitable for medium and/or small scale plants. The poor existing sewer systems do not effectively collect and transport sewage to adversely affect the function of sewage treatment plant. To select the appropriate treatment system, the cities are classified into 3 categories such as large and medium size inland cities, small size cities and coastal cities. Considering the criteria suggested during this study, appropriate treatment processes were selected for each category. Conventional activated sludge process and step aeration process were found to be the most appropriate for big inland cities while biological nutrient removal processes should be considered for the cities discharge the effluent to lakes or reservoirs. RBC or Oxidation Ditch process might be appropriate for the medium size cities while several processes which do not require skilled operation and maintenance were suggested for the small cities. Ocean discharge after primary treatment can be considered for some east coast cities, Appropriate methodology to rehabilitate the existing sewers and strategy to convert combined sewer system to separate sewer system were proposed. This paper also include the appropriate management system for industrial wastewater, sludge and nightsoil.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.423-430
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• 2020

To improve the low treatment efficiency of sewage treatment plants, the separated sewer system must be maintained to provide an adequate flow rate and quality of the sewage under the effect of inflow. In this study, data from five locations of Namsuk, Dukgok1, Dukgok2, Kanggu, and Opo were used to conservatively calculate the inflow water volume. The sewer flow and rainfall data were collected in 2017. The factors in the standard method used to calculate the inflow of the combined sewer pipes including "rainy days", "rainfall impact period", and "period for basal sewer" were defined as 3 mm/day, continuous rain for two days, and two weeks prior to the inflow generation, respectively. "Rainy days", "rainfall impact period", and "period for basal sewer" were conservatively adjusted to 5 mm/day, continuous rain for five days, and three weeks prior to the inflow generation, respectively. As a results of the adjustment, the linearity (r²) was improved except for in Dukgok1. This implies that the conservative adjustment made in this study could improve the management quality of sewer pipes. Also, the linear correlation coefficient (a_i) between inflow and rainfall showed a large difference between the target locations, which can be another monitoring factor affecting the quality of sewer pipes. To improve the correlation based on the individual characteristics of the locations in Korea, the automatic algorithm for the inflow calculation should be developed by innovative intellectual technologies for application to the entire national area.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2011

The quantity of a discharge load can change with changes in rainfall in the area with a combined sewer system (CSS). To evaluate the implementation appropriately in the management of total maximum daily loads (TMDLs), the effects of rainfall changes should be considered in the estimation of the discharge load. The rainfall condition for the estimation of the discharge load in a certain year should be standardized to the same rainfall condition as that of the reference year. However, the calculation process is very complicated with its potential limitations. This study investigated and developed relatively simple methods for estimating the discharge load. Load conversion method (LCM) is designed to convert the discharge load under the current rainfall condition into that of the reference rainfall conditions. Simple rainfall data method (SRDM) is to simplify the estimation process of the discharge load by the simple conversion of rainfall data. These methods were applied to calculate the discharge load and examine the estimation results. From the results of this study the application of these methods may be useful for estimating the discharge load in the TMDL process.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.722-728
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• 2012

도심지역의 하수관거 시스템은 우수 수용능력 및 하수 월류 발생 등의 시스템의 한계점을 가지고 있어, 강우시 우수 유출수로 인한 침수저감과 더불어 도시비점오염원의 저감에 모두 대응할 수 있는 저류시설의 도입이 주목받고 시작하였다. 최근 환경부에서는 방재적 우수관리와 더불어 합류식 하수관거 월류수, 분류식 우수관거 유출수 처리를 포함하는 다기능 저류시설을 "하수저류시설"이라 통칭하고, 이의 도입을 적극 추진하고 있는 실정이다. 반면 대규모 단일 저류시설 설치의 경우에는 공간 확보의 문제가 발생할 수 있으며, 이에 대안으로는 중 소규모의 분산형 저류시설 설치 및 운영을 들 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 분산형 저류시설-하수관망 네트워크 시스템의 최적 운용을 위한 모델 예측 제어기법을 제안한다. 이를 위해 첫째로 네트워크 시스템의 각 구성 요소의 수리모델을 제시함으로써 보다 정밀한 하수관망 네트워크의 거동을 모사하고자 한다. 둘째로 제안된 모델을 기반으로 현재의 강우 유입량을 고려하여 각 저류조의 수위, 하수관로의 유입/유출량을 예측하여, 입자군집 최적화 알고리즘을 이용한 모델 예측 제어기법을 바탕으로 주어진 제약조건을 만족하며 상황을 바탕으로 제안된 제어기법의 사용여부에 따른 효과를 비교 분석하고, 이의 타당성을 검증하고자 한다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.711-721
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• 2013

Optimal operation of a combined sewer network with distributed storage facilities aims to use the whole retention capacity of all reservoirs efficiently before overflows take place somewhere in the considered network system. An efficient real-time network control (RTNC) strategy has been emerging as an attractive approach for reducing substantially the overflows from a sewer network compared to the conventional fixed or manually adjusted gate setting method, but the related concrete framework for RTC development has not been throughly introduced so far. The main goal of this study is to give a detailed description of the RTNC systems via reviewing several guidelines published abroad, and finally to suggest methods for the proper application of RTNC on distributed storage facilities. Especially, this study is focused on emphasizing the importance of hierarchical structure of RTNC system that consists of three control layers (management, global control and local control). Further, with regard to the global control layer which is responsible for the central overall network control, the wide-ranging details of two components (adaption and optimization layers) are also presented. This study can provide the valuable basis for the RTNC implementation in the particular sewer network with distributed multiple storage facilities.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2008

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.206-219
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• 2020

As urbanization and impermeable areas have increased, stormwater and non-point pollutants entering the stream have increased. Additionally, in the case of the old town comprising a combined sewer pipe system, there is a problem of stream water pollution caused by the combined sewer overflow. To resolve this problem, many cities globally are pursuing an environmentally friendly low impact development strategy that can infiltrate, evaporate, and store rainwater. This study analyzed the expected effects and efficiency when the LID facility was installed as a measure to improve hydrologic cycle and water quality in the Oncheon stream in Busan. The EPA-SWMM, previously calibrated for hydrological and water quality parameters, was used, and standard parameters of the LID facilities supported by the EPA-SWMM were set. Benchmarking the green infrastructure plan in New York City, USA, has created various installation scenarios for the LID facilities in the Oncheon stream drainage area. The installation and maintenance cost of the LID facility for scenarios were estimated, and the effect of each LID facility was analyzed through a long-term EPA-SWMM simulation. Among the applied LID facilities, the infiltration trench showed the best effect, and the bio-retention cell and permeable pavement system followed. Conversely, in terms of cost-efficiency, the permeable pavement systems showed the best efficiency, followed by the infiltration trenches and bio-retention cells.