• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.87-91
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• 1991

Total 28 patients with resectable, locally advanced gastric cancer were entered in our prospective randomized study from June 15, 1988 to Sep. 15, 1990 in Yeungnam University Hospital. This study consisted of curative resection, IORT, external irradiation and combination of chemotherapy. Twenty-four of 28 patients were treated with single dose of 1500 cGy with 9 MeV election intraoperatively. External irradiation of $4300\sim4500$ cGy with 180 cGy per fraction, 5 days per week was started within 4th weeks of postoperative days. Various chemotherapy with or without external irradiation were added for reducing hematogenous and/or peritoneal dissemination and determination of complication of each arm. Duration of follow up was $4\sim31$ months. No serious complication related with radiation were reported compare to resection and chemotherapy only group. Although our follow up period is too short to draw any conclusion, IORT appears to improve local control, hopely further survival. Continuous follow up should be needed for evaluation of real therapeutic gain such as complication vs. improved survival.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 1995

Localized non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of head and neck are generally treated with radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy and the results of treatments are favorable, but the recurrences in the primary site or distant sites are a major contributor to failure, We experiened 19 cases of localized non-Hodgkin's lymphomas for 4-year period and retrogradely analized them. We treated patients with Ann Arbor stage I and low grade histology in Working formulation with radiation therapy and patients with Ann Arbor stage II, moderate to high grade histology or extensive tumor size with combination chemotherapy, The complete responses were occurred in 15 of 19 patients (radiation therapy, 5/6 (83.3%); chemotherapy 10/13(76.9%)). 3 relapses were occurred; 2 were in local relapses and 1 was in distant leptomeningeal relapse and the counter-therapeutic modalities were successful in 2 cases. Our results suggest that Ann Arbor stage is significant prognostic factor and appropriate staging with extensive methods is important to improve the results of treatment.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.272-278
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• 1999

The primary lymphoma in the lung is very rare. Moot of the primary pulmonary lymphomas, which represent 3-4 % of extra-nodal lymphomas, are low-grade B-cell lymphoma. The low-grade B-cell lymphomas progress slowly and the prognosis of these are more favorable than that of the nodal lymphomas. However, high-grade forms progress rapidly with more severe course. The diagnosis of primary pulmonary lymphomas generally relies on the histopathologic findings of lung specimens obtained by surgical excision of the lesions or open-lung biopsy. Recently, less aggressive biopsies(transbronchial, transthoracic) and/or immunocyto-chemical, immunochemical and gene rearrangement studies on materials obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage have been used occasionally. The treatment of the primary pulmonary lymphomas has not been precisely codified. Several clinical data suggest that limited surgery or non-aggressive chemotherapy can provide long-term survival in patients with such slowly developing neoplasm, and demonstrated the need for the development of noninvasive diagnootic methods. In this study, we report a case of high-grade B-cell lymphoma of the lung which was treated with combination chemotherapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.785-789
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• 2012

Background and Purpose: Cisplatin is the most common chemotherapeutic agent for loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC); however, toxicity is a limiting factor for some patients. We retrospectively compared the efficacy and toxicity of weekly docetaxel-based and cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy in loco-regionally advanced NPC. Methods and Materials: Eighty-four patients with Stage III and IVA-B NPCs, treated between 2007 and 2008, were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty received weekly docetaxel-based concurrent chemotherapy, and 43 were given weekly cisplatin-based concurrent chemotherapy. Radiotherapy was administered using a conventional technique (seven weeks, 2.0 Gy per fraction, total dose 70-74 Gy) with 6-8 Gy boosts for some patients with locally advanced disease. Results: Median follow-up time was 42.3 months (range, 8.6-50.8 months). There were no significant differences in the 3-year loco-regional failure-free survival (85.6% vs. 92.3%; p=0.264), distant failure-free survival (87.0% vs. 92.5%; p=0.171), progression-free survival (85.7% vs. 88.4%; p=0.411) or overall survival (86.5% vs. 92.5%, p=0.298) of patients treated concurrently with docetaxel or cisplatin. Severe toxicity was not common in either group. Conclusions: Weekly docetaxel-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy is potentially effective and has a tolerable toxicity; however, further investigations are required to determine if docetaxel is superior to cisplatin for advanced stage NPC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5231-5235
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• 2013

Objective: NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is activated in several human malignancies. However, the role of Nrf2 in gastric cancer (GC) remains incompletely understood. In this study, we therefore analyzed associations of Nrf2 expression status with clinical features and chemotherapeutic resistance in GC. Materials and Methods: A total of 186 samples from GC patients who underwent gastrectomy were used for prognostic assessment. A further 142 samples from GC cases who received first-line combination chemotherapy were applied for investigation of chemoresistance. The Nrf2 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in GC samples, and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters and chemotherapy sensitivity was analyzed. The effect of Nrf2 gene silencing on chemotherapy resistance was also examined by cell viability assay in vivo. Results: Of the 186 patients with GC, 104/186 (55.9%) showed high expression for Nrf2. The overexpression of Nrf2 was an independent predictor of overall survival [OS, hazard ratio (HR) 3.9; P=0.011] and disease-free survival (DFS, HR 4.3; P=0.002). The gene silencing of Nrf2 reduced resistance to cell death induced by 5-FU in GC cell lines. Conclusion: Our data show that Nrf2 is an independent prognostic factor in GC. Furthermore, Nrf2 confers resistance to chemotherapeutic drug 5-FU in GC cells. Taken together, Nrf2 is a potential prognostic marker and predictive for 5-FU resistance in GC.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.220-227
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• 1998

The clinical and pathological features of 35 cases of anaplastic thyroid cancer were studied. These tumors occurred in 12 men and 23 women ranging in age from 19 to 83 years(mean age; 61.7 years). A rapidly enlarging thyroid mass was the most common presentation. The duration of the presence of mass varied from 20 days to 12 months with an average of 2.7 months. Systemic metastasis at the time of initial examination was found in 14 patients(40.0%) and the lung was the most common site of involvement. The overall rate of distant metastasis was about 65.7%. The tumors were subdivided morphologically into giant cell type of 10 cases, spindle cell type of 7 cases, epidermoid cell type of 1 cases, and mixed giant cell and spindle cell type of 5 cases. The mean survival period of 6 among 35 patients who had biopsy alone was 1.4 months. The 22 patients underwent the incomplete combined treatment modalities (palliative surgery with or without chemotherpy or radiation therapy) survived for a mean period of 3.0 months, among them, 7 patients who had surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiation therapy showed mean survival period of 3.7 months. The mean survival of 7 patients who had complete combined treatment modality(curative surgery combined with chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiation therapy) was 6.6 months, only one patient survived for 21 months and one patient has been alive for 1 month after operation, and the others survived for a mean period of 4.8 months. So far, as of July 31, 1998, 34 patients among 35 were died(one has been survived for 1 month) despite the various treatment modalities, and the main cause of death were failure of local control and systemic metastasis. None of the various treatment modalities gave consistently favourable results. However, a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy seemed to have a slight positive effect on survival. Furthermore, the aggressive treatment modalities will be indicated only in the early diagnosed and minimal cases.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.107-124
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• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to identify optimal combinations of acupoints used to treat chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Methods We searched four international databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Allied and Complementary Medicine Databases [AMED], and China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI]) and five Korean databases (DBpia, Research Information Sharing Service [RISS], Korean Studies Information Service System [KISS], Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], and KoreaMed) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used acupuncture to treat CIPN. Network analysis was performed on the acupoints used in more than three included articles. We constructed a network by calculating the Jaccard similarity coefficient between acupoints and applied minimum spanning tree. Then, modularity analysis, degree centrality (Cd), and betweenness centrality (Cb) were used to analyze properties of the acupoints. Results A total of 25 articles were included. 24 acupoints were extracted from 25 articles. The combinations of acupoints having the highest Jaccard similarity coefficient were {EX-UE9, EX-LE10} and {ST36, SP6}. In the modularity analysis, acupoints were classified to six modules. ST40, EX-UE11, and KI6 had the highest Cd value while ST40, GB34 had the highest Cb value. Conclusions This study found the systematic framework of acupoint combinations used in CIPN studies. This study is expected to provide new perspectives of CIPN treatment to therapists. A RCT is in progress of using the network of this study as a guideline. If significant results are derived from the RCT, it will be possible to lay the groundwork to consider acupuncture for CIPN treatment.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.19-23
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate safety of Rhus Verniciflua STOKES as a combination therapy of Oriental and conventional cancer treatment. So, We investigated liver function test(especially total bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP) levels in outpatients at an oriental medical clinic, to know whether Rhus Verniciflua STOKES decotion (Chijongtang) was hepatotoxic. The outpatients were treated with Rhus Verniciflua STOKES decotion(Chijongtang) during intravenous or oral chemotherapy. Methods : We surveyed whether Chijongtang caused liver injury in patients, who visited and took Chijongtang at Hana oriental medical clinic, from March, 2008 to November 2011. We looked over all the liver function tests of those patients, done during medication. Patients who had no records of liver function tests or with basal liver disease were excluded. And patients were classified into normal and abnormal liver function groups. Results and Conclusions : 48 patients were enrolled, and their mean dosage was 300ml/day, and the mean medication period was 9.3 (2-42) months. During and after medication, there were no abnormal liver function test results at all, in the normal liver function group. and 10 out of 11 patients in the abnormal liver function group showed normal liver function test levels. Roughly speaking, according to the above results, it seems that taking Chijongtang did not cause hepatotoxicity. And it seems Chijongtang has hepatoprotective effect. But we still need more laboratory and clinical research to reach a more definitive conclusion.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.427-436
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• 2012

Targeted therapy has been a very promising strategy of drug development research. Many molecular mechanims of diseases have been known to be regulated by abundance of proteins, such as receptors and hormones. Chemoprevention for treatment and prevention of diseases are continuously developed. Pre-clinical and clinical studies in chemoprevention field yielded many valuable data in preventing the onset of disease and suppressing the progress of their growth, making chemoprevention a challenging and a very rational strategy in future researches. Natural products being rich of flavonoids are those fruits belong to the genus citrus. Ethanolic extract of Citrus reticulata and Citrus aurantiifolia peels showed anticarcinogenic, antiproliferative, co-chemotherapeutic and estrogenic effects. Several examples of citrus flavonoids that are potential as chemotherapeutic agents are tangeretin, nobiletin, hesperetin, hesperidin, naringenin, and naringin. Those flavonoids have been shown to possess inhibition activity on certain cancer cells' growth through various mechanisms. Moreover, citrus flavonoids also perform promising effect in combination with several chemotherapeutic agents against the growth of cancer cells. Some mechanisms involved in those activities are through cell cycle modulation, antiangiogenic effect, and apoptosis induction.Previous studies showed that tangeretin suppressed the growth of T47D breast cancer cells by inhibiting ERK phosphorylation. While in combination with tamoxifen, doxorubicin, and 5-FU, respectively, it was proven to be synergist on several cancer cells. Hesperidin and naringenin increased cytotoxicitity of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells and HeLa cells. Besides, citrus flavonoids also performed estrogenic effect in vivo. One example is hesperidin having the ability to decrease the concentration of serum and hepatic lipid and reduce osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats. Those studies showed the great potential of citrus fruits as natural product to be developed as not only the source of co-chemotherapeutic agents, but also phyto-estrogens. Therefore, further study needs to be conducted to explore the potential of citrus fruits in overcoming cancer.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2008

Multiple primary malignant neoplasm of the combination of the musculoskeletal system and the gastrointestinal system were very rare. A case of synchronous double primary malignant neoplasm consisted of myxofibrosarcoma of forearm and adenocarcinoma of rectum in a 52 year-old man was found. The patient had pain and swelling on forearm for 1 year. Histologically, the lesion on forearm showed myxofibrosarcoma. In systemic evaluation, the adenocarcinoma of rectum was found by the sigmoidoscopy, and metastasis on lung and intracardiac mass were found by the CT scan. We performed surgical excision and pre and postoperative chemotherapy after pathologic confirmation. He died of pulmonary thromboembolism after postoperative 2 months. We report this case of exceedingly rare combination of the musculoskeletal system and the gastrointestinal system.