• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.739-742
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• 2013

Background: This study was to evaluate the survival of patients with pleural and intraperitoneal malignant mesothelioma and to investigate the efficacy of chemotherapy (CT) as well as radiotherapy (RTH) and surgery compared to best supportive care (BSC). Materials and Methods: Forty patients with malignant mesothelioma (38 with pleural and 2 with intraperitoneal) were enrolled. Twenty seven patients underwent (CT) chemotherapy of which 2 also received (RTH) and surgery was only for biopsy in 15/40. Combination chemotherapy included cisplatin-gemcitabine, cisplatin-navelbine and cisplatin (or carboplatin) with premetrexed. Thirteen patients received only best supportive care. Results: A total of 12 (30%) patients were male, and 28 (70%) female. Median age was 54.0 years and the male/female ratio was 1/2.33 (P=0.210). Residential exposure played a major role in two regions, Helwan and Shoubra, in 20% and 15%, respectively. Overall mean survival time was $13.9{\pm}2.29$ months. That for patients who had received best supportive care was $7.57{\pm}1.85$ months, for chemotherapy was $16.5{\pm}3.20$ months, and multimodality treatment regimen $27{\pm}21.0$ months (P=0.028). Kaplan-Meier survival did not significantly vary for sex, residence and the pathological types epithelial, mixed and sarcomatous. The median survival for performance status and treatment modalities was significant (P=0.001 and 0.028). Best supportive care using opioids with a mean dose of 147.1 mg (range 0-1680) of morphine sulphate produced good subjective response and reasonable quality of life but did not affect survival. Conclusions: We conclude that CT prolongs survival compared to BSC in patients with malignant mesothelioma. Moreover, using escalating doses of opioids provides good pain relief and subjective responses.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.316-322
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• 2001

감각신경아세포종으로 생후 1년 6개월부터 약 1년간 6주기의 화학요법과 생후 1년 6개월에 29회에 걸친 방사선 조사(AP 4540 R+LAT 1080 R : total 5620 R)를 받은 후, 후유증으로 상악치아 및 상악골의 발육장애를 보이는 10세 남아의 임상적, 방사선학적 관찰 및 치료 후 다음과 같은 지견을 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다. 1. 성장중인 어린이에서 악성종양의 치료를 위한 방사선 조사는 연조직 및 경조직(골, 연골, 치아)등의 성장장애를 유발할 수 있으므로 시술 전 충분한 고려가 필요하다. 2. 치배의 손상은 치관 및 치근의 형성장애를 유발하고 이에 따라 치조골의 성장장애가 나타나므로 치근이 없는 치아일지라도 치조골의 흡수를 억제하기 위하여 hawley type의 부분의치 등을 이용하여 잔존시켜야 한다. 3. 향후 성장이 완료된 이후(만 18세 이상)에 무치근 치아 및 무치악 부위에 틀니(denture)나 임플란트 등의 보철수복이 필요할 것으로 여겨진다.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.39-41
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• 2015

HER2 양성인 진행성 위암에서 어떤 치료 약제를 선택하는가에 대하여는 진료지침이 정립되어 있지만, 그 유지기간에 대하여는 아직 정립된 진료 지침은 없다. 저자들은 진행성 위암 환자에서 36개월 동안 trastuzumab을 기반으로 한 항암화학 요법을 하여 유지하고 있는 사례를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.36-38
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• 2016

Biliary tract cancer, a relatively rare disease, is usually found in an unresectable stage. Weekly cisplatin plus gemcitabine has been applied as a standard first-line therapy for advanced biliary tract cancer, but almost up to 3-5% patients experience drug induced renal impairment. Many anticancer medication guidelines recommend drug adjustment when kidneys are damaged, but weekly cisplatin is somewhat low dose so that there is a controversy on reducing the dose. And it is known that the cumulative dose of cisplatin is the most important factor contributing to renal impairment. Therefore, clinicians face troubles whether or not to maintain the chemotherapy. Here, we reported a patient whose renal function (eGFR) had been decreased as the number of chemotherapy increased, so her chemotherapy should be stopped. Since we held the chemotherapy on her, the disease progressed aggressively. Weekly cisplatin regimen is just 25 mg/m², so it may be meaningless to reduce this dose, and it is well known that cumulative dose of cisplatin is the most important factor contributing to renal impairment, it is better not to use cisplatin anymore. Therefore, we recommend that if the patient responds well to weekly cisplatin plus gemcitabine regimen, it would be beneficial to use gemcitabine alone.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.308-317
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• 2021

Cancer is the leading cause of death and is on the rise worldwide. Until 2010, the development of targeted treatment was mainly focused on the growth mechanisms of cancer. Since then, drugs with mechanisms related to tumor immunity, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, have proven effective, and most pharmaceutical companies are striving to develop related drugs. Programmed cell death-1 and programmed cell death ligand-1 inhibitors have shown great success in various cancer types. They showed durable and sustainable responses and were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. However, the response to inhibitors showed low percentages of cancer patients; 15% to 20%. Therefore, combination strategies with immunotherapy and conventional treatments were used to overcome the low response rate. Studies on combination therapy have typically reported improvements in the response rate and efficacy in several cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer, small cell lung cancer, breast cancer, and urogenital cancers. The combination of chemotherapy or targeted agents with immunotherapy is one of the leading pathways for cancer treatment.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 1997

Resistance to combination chemotherapy remains challenge in the treatment of osteosarcoma. One of the mechanisms of multiple drug resistance is an increased expression of the multidrug resistance gene(mdr1). Expression of the P-glycoprotein(mdr-1 gene product) was studied immunohistochemically and the mdr-1 gene by in situ hybridization in 33 osteosarcomas relating to various prognostic factors. Thirty cases out of 33 osteosarcomas(90.9%) showed positive cytoplasmic reactions with P-glycoprotein and nineteen instances(57.6%) were strong positive(2+). The older(>20 years) and female patients revealed more intense immunohistochemical reactions rather than those of the younger and male patients. Osteoblastic and chondroblastic osteosarcomas revealed more strong immunohistochemical reactions compared to fibroblastic types. There were no significant staining differences between the type of bony involvement, Broder's grade and the presence of necrosis. On follow-up, the mean survival rate was decreased in the strong positive group, however, this was not statistically significant. In situ hybridization for mdr-1 gene revealed positive signals in 22 cases out of 29 osteosarcomas(75.9%). Chemotherapy was done in 15 cases out of 28 patients(53.6%). The results of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were not correlated with the protocols for chemotherapy. However, this result should be confirmed by a larger scale study about mdr1 mRNA expression.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2019

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare cutaneous carcinoma, featured by an aggressive clinical course and a mortality rate of 28% at 2 years. A 71-year-old female was affected by a 4.1-cm-wide locally advanced Merkel cell carcinoma of the upper eyelid, previously misdiagnosed as chalazion, with involvement of the extraocular muscles. Although the tumor showed a macroscopic spontaneous regression in size after the incisional biopsy, the mass was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical excision. Good functional and aesthetic result with preservation of the eyeball and absence of tumor recurrence were achieved at 3-year follow-up. In our experience, the combination of the inflammatory cascade due to the incisional biopsy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy led to the regression of a locally advanced large Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2004

Heptaplatin is a new platinum derivative with antitumor activity against gastric cancer. Preclinical studies showed that it is less toxic than other platinum analogues. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of the combination therapy of heptaplatin and 5-fluorouracil in Korean advanced gastric cancer patients. This study was investigated retrospectively. The patients group consisted of 65 advanced gastric cancer patients with no prior radiotherapy. All patients received heptaplatin $400\;mg/m^2$ by 2-3 hour infusion on Day 1 and 5-FU $1000\;mg/m^2by 12-24 hour continuous infusion for 5 days. After the first cycle, subsequent doses were adjusted according to the toxicity. Courses were repeated every 28 days. As results, objective response occurred in 16 patients $(24.6\%)$. Two were complete and 14 were partial response. Median progression free survival was 32 weeks with $29\%$ of patients progression free at 1 year. The most common hematologic toxicity was anemia. Grade 3 or 4 anemia was seen at $2.7\%$ of treatment cycles. Grade 3 or higher leucopenia was seen at $1.2\%$ of cycles. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred at $6.1\%\;and\;1.5\%$ of cycles, respectively. The most common nonhematologic toxicity was proteinuria. Though no patients experienced grade 3 or 4 proteinuria, proteinuria was a considerable factor for this chemotherapy. Grade 3 or higher gastrointestinal toxicities were nausea and vomiting ($4.6\%$ of patients) and diarrhea ($1.5\%$ of patients). Grade 2 renal toxicity with elevation of serum creatinine was seen in $0.3\%$ of cycles, which is less than that of other platinum analogues. This study showed that combination therapy of heptaplatin and 5-FU have modest antitumor activity against advanced gastric cancer without severe renal toxicity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.1339-1346
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• 2013

Conventional chemotherapeutic regimens often accompany severe side effects and fail to induce complete regression of chemoresistant or relapsing metastatic cancers. The need for establishing more efficacious anticancer strategies led to the development of a combined modality treatment of chemotherapy in conjunction with immunotherapy or radiotherapy. It has been reported that poly-gamma-glutamate (${\gamma}$-PGA), a natural polymer composed of glutamic acids, increases antitumor activity by activating antigen-presenting cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Here, we investigated the antitumor effect of ${\gamma}$-PGA in combination with cyclophosphamide in a murine melanoma model. Whereas cyclophosphamide alone directly triggered apoptosis of tumor cells in vitro, ${\gamma}$-PGA did not show cytotoxicity in tumor cells. Instead, it activated macrophages, as reflected by the upregulation of surface activation markers and the secretion of proinflammatory factors, such as nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor ${\alpha}$. When the antitumor effects were examined in a mouse model, combined treatment with cyclophosphamide and ${\gamma}$-PGA markedly suppressed tumor growth and metastasis. Notably, ${\gamma}$-PGA treatment dramatically increased the NK cell population in lung tissues, coinciding with decreased metastasis and increased survival. These data collectively suggest that ${\gamma}$-PGA can act as an immunotherapeutic agent that exhibits a synergistic antitumor effect in combination with conventional chemotherapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1993

The high relapse rate after curative surgery of lung cancer suggests that tumor cells are remained at the site of resection and in the distant organs. Postoperative radiochemoimmunotherapy including protein-bound polysaccharide PS-K[Copolang] and/or chemotherapy to improve the prognosis in lung cancer has been adopted. The patients with lung cancer who were treated with a combined modality therapy after surgery were reviewed to determine the effects of adjuvant immunotherapy[PS-K] and the relationship between midterm survival and clinicopathologic variables. During the past 5 years, 95 patients with lung cancer underwent resective operation. Of them, 30 cases were curative surgery, 29 were relative curative surgery, and the remainders were non-curative surgery. Postoperative combination therapies consisted of three types of therapies: postoperative BRM[biological response modifiers] with PS-K [Copolang] 50 mg/kg for 24 weeks[Group 1], chemoimmunotherapy with chemotherapy[a combination of cisplatin, etoposide, vindesine] and PS-K [Group 2], radioimmunotherapy with postoperative prophylactic irradiation to the mediastinum at total dose of 54 Gy-60 Gy and PS-K [Group 3] and surgery without adjuvant therapy[Group 4]. Twenty months survival rates of localized disease [Stages I and II] treated with PS-K, with radioimmunotherapy and no therapy were 73 %, 60 %, and 50 %, respectively [p [0.05]. Three-year survival rates of regionally advanced cases [stage Ilia and IIIb] were 23 % in Group 1.57 % in Group 2.20 % in Group 3, and 0 % in Group 4, respectively.According to above results, we suggest that postoperative combination therapy including PS-K might improve the prognosis of lung cancer. The similar survival pattern of patients with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma treated with BRM, chemoimmunotherapy or radioimmunotherapy need to evaluate the role of postoperative immunotherapy[PS-K] in randomized studies.