• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2023

Dietary habits play a significant role in the development of colorectal cancer. Over the past decades, various epidemiological and meta-studies have indicated a close relationship among nutrient intake, dietary habits, and incidence of colorectal cancer. Less consumption of red or processed meat and alcohol, if possible, and high consumption of vitamins B and D, garlic, magnesium, fiber, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Additionally, balanced diet intake and proper weight maintenance are crucial for colon cancer prevention. All these factors are modifiable and associated with the recurrence and overall survival after cancer development, thereby greatly contributing to the nutritional treatment of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1945-1952
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• 2015

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a disease strongly associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) as a well-known precancerous condition. Alterations in DNA methylation and mutation in K-ras are believed to play an early etiopathogenic role in CRC and may also an initiating event through deregulation of molecular signaling. Epigenetic silencing of APC and SFRP2 in the WNT signaling pathway may also be involved in IBD-CRC. The role of aberrant DNA methylation in precancerous state of colorectal cancer (CRC) is under intensive investigation worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of promoter methylation of MGMT-B, APC1A and SFRP2 genes, in inflamed and normal colon tissues of patients with IBD compared with control normal tissues. A total of 52 IBD tissues as well as corresponding normal tissues and 30 samples from healthy participants were obtained. We determined promoter methylation status of MGMT-B, SFRP2 and APC1A genes by chemical treatment with sodium bisulfite and subsequent MSP. The most frequently methylated locus was MGMT-B (71%; 34 of 48), followed by SFRP2 (66.6 %; 32 of 48), and APC1A (43.7%; 21 of 48). Our study demonstrated for the first time that hypermethylation of the MGMT-B and the SFRP2 gene promoter regions might be involved in IBD development. Methylation of MGMT-B and SFRP2 in IBD patients may provide a method for early detection of IBD-associated neoplasia.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.164-173
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• 2011

Purpose: The colorectal polyps has been regarded as a precursor of colon cancer, and the prevalence and mortality of colon cancer in Korea has increased due to westernized lifestyle and environmental factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics and the risk factors on colorectal polyps in adults. Methods: The participants were 956 adults enrolled from health screen examinees underwent colonoscopy at the health promotion center in Seoul. Results: 49.5 percent of examinees has colorectal polyps and the most common sites were ascending colon (27.6%) and sigmoid colon (23.2%). The colorectal polyps showed a significant difference according to gender, age, and health behavior related characteristics including alcohol intake, exercise, and BMI. In male, the relative odds of having an colorectal polyps decreased as exercise (OR=1.74; 95% CI=1.01-1.04), and increased as BMI (OR=1.57; 95% CI=1.07-2.50) and age (OR=1.02; 95% CI=1.02-1.04). In female, it decreased as exercise (OR=2.49; 95% CI=1.52-4.10), and increased as age (OR=1.05; 95% CI=1.02-1.08). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, age and exercise were the influencing factors of colorectal polyps in health screen examinees. Therefore, effective exercise and appropriate health education program about colorectal polyps need to be developed and applied in nursing interventions to prevent colorectal polyps in the community dwelling adults.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1975-1979
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• 2013

Aim: To investigate the level of expression of proto-oncogene Wip1 and its physiological significance in colorectal cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and Western blotting were used to analyze Wip1 mRNA and protein expression in 120 cases of colorectal cancer and normal tissues to study relationships with clinical symptoms and disease prognosis. Results: The level of Wip1 protein expression was found to be significantly higher in colorectal cancer tissues (85% (102/120)) than in normal tissues (30% (36/120)) (P<0.05). The relative amount of Wip1 protein in colorectal cancer tissue was also found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than in normal tissues ($1.060{\pm}0.02$ and $0.640{\pm}0.023$, respectively). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed average Wip1 mRNA expression levels to be $1.113{\pm}0.018$ and $0.658{\pm}0.036$ for colorectal cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue (P<0.05). The level of Wip1 protein expression was not correlated with age, gender, or tumor site, but appeared linked with lymph node metastasis, Dukes stage, histological grade, and liver metastasis. Individuals with high and low levels of Wip1 expression showed statistically significant differences in the five-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates (P<0.05). Conclusion: Wip1 mRNA and protein are highly expressed in colorectal cancers and may be associated with colorectal cancer development and progression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1807-1811
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• 2013

Background: Colorectal cancer is a main leading cause of cancer death in western countries. Although many studies have been conducted on incidence trends all over the world in recent years, information regarding changes in incidence of colorectal cancer in Iran is insufficient. The present study of colorectal cancer in the west of Iran during recent years was therefore performed. Materials and Methods: The registered data for colorectal cancer cases in National Cancer Registry System were extracted from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Center for Disease Control and Management. The codes from 18-21 among cancers were selected for colon and rectum cancers. Incidence rates were standardized directly using WHO population. The significance of incidence rate trends during 2000-2005 was tested through Poisson regression. Results: 762 cases of colorectal cancer were observed during 6 years in this region, with a gender ratio of men to women of 1.2. It increased from 65 cases in 2000 to 213 cases in 2005 or from 1.5 per100,000 per persons per year to 4.8. Significant increasing trends were evident in Kermanshah and Hamadan provinces; however, change did not reach significance in Ilam and Kurdistan provinces. Conclusions: Colorectal cancer has an increasing trend in the west of Iran. Although it seems that the increasing rate of colorectal cancer is due to increasing of cancer risk factors, some proportion may be related to the improvement of surveillance systems in Iran.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.4101-4105
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• 2016

Background: Mortality among Iranian patients with colorectal cancer has not been fully examined and the factors associated with their survival are still controversial. This study aimed to determine the mortality rate and its related factors among the patients with colorectal cancer in southwestern regions in Iran. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 220 patients with colorectal cancer referred to Fahighi Hospital, Shiraz, Iran from 2009 to 2014. Data were collected from the patients' medical records and were analyzed using Cox regression analysis. Results: Over a median follow-up of 29.3 months, 56 out of the 220 patients (25.5%) died, 32 (14.5%) aged below 40 years, and 45.5% were female. Based on the results of multiple Cox regression analysis, family history of gastrointestinal cancer, stage III, former smoking, type of lesion (fungative and polypoid), and opium use were associated with a greater risk of colorectal cancer mortality (all P<0.05). Conclusions: This cohort study found that the mortality rate of colorectal cancer in Iran is lower than that in European countries. In addition, behavioral and clinical factors were significantly associated with the survival rate. Addressing the related factors would help healthcare providers and physicians provide the best care and improve the survival rate.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3735-3740
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• 2015

Context: Insulin-like growth factor peptides play important roles in regulating cell growth, cell differentiation, and apoptosis, and have been demonstrated to promote the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Objective: To examine the association of insulin-related biomarkers including insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and C-peptide with CRC risk and assess their relevance in predictive models. Materials and Methods: The odds ratios of colorectal cancer for serum levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and C-peptide were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models in 100 colorectal cancer cases and 100 control subjects. Areas under the receiving curve (AUC) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) statistics were used to assess the discriminatory potential of the models. Results: Serum levels of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were negatively associated with colorectal cancer risk (OR=0.07, 95%CI: 0.03-0.16, P for trend <.01, OR=0.06, 95%CI: 0.03-0.15, P for trend <.01 respectively) and serum C-peptide was positively associated with risk of colorectal cancer (OR=4.38, 95%CI: 2.13-9.06, P for trend <.01). Compared to the risk model, prediction for the risk of colorectal cancer had substantially improved when all selected biomarkers IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and inverse value of C-peptide were simultaneously included inthe reference model [P for AUC improvement was 0.02 and the combined IDI reached 0.166% (95 % CI; 0.114-0.219)]. Conclusions: The results provide evidence for an association of insulin-related biomarkers with colorectal cancer risk and point to consideration as candidate predictor markers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5609-5614
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• 2013

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in both men and women in the world and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The incidence of colorectal cancer has increased in Iran in the past three decades and is now considered as a serious problem for our society. This cancer has two types hereditary and non-hereditary, 80% of cases being the latter. Considering that the relationship between SNPs with diseases is a concern, many researchers believed that they offer valuable markers for identifying genes responsible for susceptibility to common diseases. In some cases, they are direct causes of human disease. One SNP can increase risk of cancer, but when considering the rate of overlap and frequency of DNA repair pathways, it might be expected that SNP alone cannot affect the final result of cancer, although several SNPs together can exert a significant influence. Therefore identification of these SNPs is very important. The most important loci which include mutations are: MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, APC, MUTYH, SMAD7, STK11, $XRCC_3$, $DNMT_1$, MTHFR, Exo1, $XRCC_1$ and VDR. Presence of SNPs in these genes decreases or increases risk of colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: In this article we reviewed the Genes and SNPs associated with non-hereditary and hereditary of colorectal cancer that recently were reported from candidate gene y, meta-analysis and GWAS studies. Results: As with other cancers, colorectal cancer is associated with SNPs in gene loci. Generally, by exploring SNPs, it is feasible to predict the risk of developing colorectal cancer and thus establishing proper preventive measures. Conclusions: SNPs of genes associated with colorectal cancer can be used as a marker SNP panel as a potential tool for improving cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.345-352
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• 2014

지방간은 초음파검사에 의해 진단되는 임상적으로 흔한 간질환이다. 본 연구에서는 지방간과 대장암의 전구병변인 대장용종과의 연관성을 분석하여 지방간에 대한 보다 포괄적인 접근방법을 제시하고자 한다. 2012년부터 2013년 1년 동안 청주소재 소화기내과전문센터에서 복부초음파와 대장내시경검사를 동시에 시행한 만성간질환이나 대장질환이 없는 성인 348명을 대상으로 하였다. 지방간과 대장용종의 Chi-Square test에서 지방간이 있는 사람이 지방간이 없는 사람보다 유의미하게 용종이 많이 발생하였다(p<.001). 각 요인별 상관관계를 보았을 때 지방간과 대장용종간의 상관관계가 가장 높았다(p<.001). 다중회귀분석에서는 지방간(OR 3.80; 95% CI 1.93.-7.50), 공복 시 혈당(OR 2.51; 95% CI 1.12-5.62), 나이(OR 2.12; 95% CI 1.27-3.54) 이 대장용종의 발생에 유의미하게 작용하였다. 이상의 연구결과에서 초음파검사로 진단된 지방간이 대장용종의 발생에 있어 유의미한 영향력을 나타내어 지방간으로 진단되었을 때에는 대장내시경검사를 좀 더 적극적으로 고려해보는 것이 좋을 것이다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2024

This study aims to explore possible effect of RNA polymerase I subunit D (POLR1D) on proliferation and angiogenesis ability of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and mechanism herein. The correlation of POLR1D and Yin Yang 1 (YY1) expressions with prognosis of CRC patients in TCGA database was analyzed. Quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were applied to detect expression levels of POLR1D and YY1 in CRC cell lines and CRC tissues. SW480 and HT-29 cells were transfected with si-POLR1D or pcDNA3.1-POLR1D to achieve POLR1D suppression or overexpression before cell migration, angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells were assessed. Western blot was used to detect expressions of p38 MAPK signal pathway related proteins and interaction of YY1 with POLR1D was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). TCGA data showed that both POLR1D and YY1 expressions were up-regulated in CRC patients. High expression of POLR1D was associated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. The results showed that POLR1D and YY1 were highly expressed in CRC cell lines. Inhibition or overexpression of POLR1D can respectively suppress or enhance proliferation and angiogenesis of CRC cells. YY1 inhibition can suppress CRC progression and deactivate p38 MAPK signal pathway, which can be counteracted by POLR1D overexpression. JASPAR predicted YY1 can bind with POLR1D promoter, which was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP. YY1 transcription can up-regulate POLR1D expression to activate p38 MAPK signal pathway, thus promoting proliferation and angiogenesis ability of CRC cells.