• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2008년도 International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.993-994
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• 2008

Electrochromic (EC) devices are capable of reversibly changing their optical properties upon charge injection and extraction induced by the external voltage. The characteristics of the EC device, such as low power consumption, high coloration efficiency, and memory effects under open circuit status, make them suitable for use in a variety of applications including smart windows and electronic papers. Coloration due to reduction or oxidation of redox chromophores can be used for EC devices (e-paper), but the switching time is slow (second level). Recently, with increasing demand for the low cost, lightweight flat panel display with paper-like readability (electronic paper), an EC display technology based on dye-modified $TiO_2$ nanoparticle electrode was developed. A well known organic dye molecule, viologen, was adsorbed on the surface of a mesoporous $TiO_2$ nanoparticle film to form the EC electrode. On the other hand, ZnO is a wide bandgap II-VI semiconductor which has been applied in many fields such as UV lasers, field effect transistors and transparent conductors. The bandgap of the bulk ZnO is about 3.37 eV, which is close to that of the $TiO_2$ (3.4 eV). As a traditional transparent conductor, ZnO has excellent electron transport properties, even in ZnO nanoparticle films. In the past few years, one-dimension (1D) nanostructures of ZnO have attracted extensive research interest. In particular, 1D ZnO nanowires renders much better electron transportation capability by providing a direct conduction path for electron transport and greatly reducing the number of grain boundaries. These unique advantages make ZnO nanowires a promising matrix electrode for EC dye molecule loading. ZnO nanowires grow vertically from the substrate and form a dense array (Fig. 1). The ZnO nanowires show regular hexagonal cross section and the average diameter of the ZnO nanowires is about 100 nm. The cross-section image of the ZnO nanowires array (Fig. 1) indicates that the length of the ZnO nanowires is about $6\;{\mu}m$. From one on/off cycle of the ZnO EC cell (Fig. 2). We can see that, the switching time of a ZnO nanowire electrode EC cell with an active area of $1\;{\times}\;1\;cm^2$ is 170 ms and 142 ms for coloration and bleaching, respectively. The coloration and bleaching time is faster compared to the $TiO_2$ mesoporous EC devices with both coloration and bleaching time of about 250 ms for a device with an active area of $2.5\;cm^2$. With further optimization, it is possible that the response time can reach ten(s) of millisecond, i.e. capable of displaying video. Fig. 3 shows a prototype with two different transmittance states. It can be seen that good contrast was obtained. The retention was at least a few hours for these prototypes. Being an oxide, ZnO is oxidation resistant, i.e. it is more durable for field emission cathode. ZnO nanotetropods were also applied to realize the first prototype triode field emission device, making use of scattered surface-conduction electrons for field emission (Fig. 4). The device has a high efficiency (field emitted electron to total electron ratio) of about 60%. With this high efficiency, we were able to fabricate some prototype displays (Fig. 5 showing some alphanumerical symbols). ZnO tetrapods have four legs, which guarantees that there is one leg always pointing upward, even using screen printing method to fabricate the cathode.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.227-230
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• 2006

The $St{\ddot{o}}ckigt$ sizing test of the most-commonly used sizing tests is easily influenced by the individual testers' bias in recognizing red coloration. Therefore the test had to be modified to improve its reliability and reproducibility by automated recognition of a coloration procedure during testing. In order to achieve this, all measured variables occurring during the $St{\ddot{o}}ckigt$ test was first be analyzed and then reflected in the new automatic system. Secondly, the most important principle applied was to transform the RGB values of the droplet image to hue (H), saturation (S) and value (V) respectively. This is because RGB cannot be used as a color standard, owing to RGB's peculiarity of being seriously affected by the observer's point of view. Therefore, the droplet color had to be separated into three distinct factors, namely the HSV values, in order to allow linear analysis of the droplet color. When the average values of the vectors calculated during color variation from yellow to brown were plotted against time, it was possible to determine the vector value of hue, the most sensitive factor among HSV, at the specific time by differentiation of a function when it exceeds the critical point. Then, the specific time consumed up to the critical point was regarded as the $St{\ddot{o}}ckigt$ sizing degree. The conventional method took more time to recognize an ending point of coloration than the automatic method, and in addition the error ranges of the conventional sizing degrees on the specific addition points of AKD were wider than those of the automatic method.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2003

In this study I surveyed the dress and the color symbolism of Scarlett and Melanie in the movie "Gone with the Wind" based on the novel by Margaret Mitchell. In investigating the dress and the color symbolism, I analyzed Scarlett and Melanie's image as described in the novel, and examined how the symbolic imagery is represented through coloration based on the DVD reproduction of the movie "Gone with the Wind" originally produced in 1939. In her novel, the author Margaret Mitchell introduced two women, Scarlett and Melanie, whose respective image sharply contrasts with each other. To express Scarlett's young, vigorous, lusty, and vivacious image, she uses green to depict the character, clothing, and background on the whole. Black, which mainly expresses the death image of the mourning dress. Red symbolizes her fast and lavish image. On the other hand, gray is used to describe Melanie's sedate, shyness, and modest image while alluding to her gloomy atmosphere. Brown symbolizes her sedate and plain image in the novel. In the movie, green symbolizes Scarlett's overwhelming image of youth and liveliness as also depicted in the novel. Melanie, however, seems to appear consistently in gray-blue or purple dresses to reflect her image of modesty, sedation and dignity. Melanie's blue image contrasts with Scarlett's blue image in that the latter is used to hint at the omen to a tragedy to come. Red is used to express Scarlett's passionate and fast image. Black symbolizes death or mourning in the movie.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2008

A real-time inspection system has been developed by combining CCD based image processing algorithm and a standard lighting equipment. The system was tested for defective fabrics showing nozzle contact scratch marks, which are one of the frequently occurring defects. Two algorithms used were compared according to both their processing time and detection rate. First algorithm (algorithm A) was based on morphological image processing such as dilation and opening for effective treatment of defective printing areas while second one (algorithm B) mainly employs well-defined edge detection technique based on canny detector and Zermike moment. It was concluded' that although both algorithms were quite successful, algorithm B showed relatively consistent performance than algorithm A in detecting complex patterns.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2014

In this study, we presented a newly synthesized pyrene-naphthalene diimide(NDI)-pyrene triad. The optical and structural properties were examined using various characterization techniques. A donor-acceptor-donor triad molecule exhibited a strong charge transfer, though there existed neither intramolecular nor intermolecular hydrogen bonding sites, due to the formation of preferential complementary complex between pyrene and NDI. Powder XRD measurement revealed a sharp and distinctive X-ray patterns, indicating the presence of microcrystalline-like structure. POM images showed anisotropic fingerprint texture similar to that of cholesteric phase, and SEM images showed numerous columnar structures with length of 1 to $10{\mu}m$. Above observation clearly demonstrated that ${\pi}$-complementary NDI-pyrene interactions in the traid was strong enough to form columnar aggregates in the long range.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.838-847
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• 2011

The object of this study is as follows. First, according to the silhouette of clothes, I will search the relationship with the embroidery design. Second, I will investigate the relation of coloration about the clothes color and embroidery color. Third, I will search the relation with the image in clothes and embroidery design characteristic. The data acquisition is selected to the total 447 pictures of embroidery clothing design from the www.style.com, www.samsungdesign.net which are the related information site. The data are limited from S/S season in 2004 till F/W season in 2008 in the Paris, Milano, and New York collection. The analytical method was made through the analyze method and statistical method. First, on the relation with the clothes silhouette and embroidery design, if the satin stitch technique is utilized as the X-shaped or A-line silhouette in the one-piece and dress, the image which is elegant and feminine can be expressed. if the satin stitch technique is utilized as the H-line silhouette in jacket and court, the mannish image can be expressed. Second, the embroidery color showed up as the contrast combination of the monotone when the clothes color was the monochrome. And the embroidery color showed up as the tone in which is bright and sober when clothes color had 2 or 3 or 4. So, if the embroidery color is utilized as the similar color scheme, it will be effective. Third, if the embroidery technique of the one-piece and dress is utilized as the the satin stitch technique and the bloom and leaf motive being stylized pattern is used in the all-over and border pattern, It will be effective to express the romantic/feminine, ethnic/folklore, active, and classic image.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.496-509
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• 2007

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of a chromatic Korean jacket and an achromatic Korean skirt on the visual image of a traditional Korean dress wearer. This experiment was designed to the 3 factors which were composed of 3 colors(red, yellow, green), 4 jacket tones(vivid, light, dull, dark), and 4 skirt colors(N9, N7, N4, N2). The 288 students in Gyeongsang National University assessed the 48 stimuli which wear variously incorporated with colors and tones by a semantic differential scale of 7-point: The results of the study were as follows. Image factors of stimuli are youth and activity, gracefulness, visibility, and tenderness. Among these, youth and activity factors, and gracefulness factors proved to be important. The colors and tones of a jacket and a skirt used in this experiment showed that the colors and tone had an effect on dimension of 4 images by interacting of two valuables or working independently. While a yellow jacket with vivid and a white(N9) skirt had a significant effect on youth and activity factors, a red jacket and a dark- gray(N4), -black(N2) skirt were evaluated as a graceful image. In the red jacket case, a visible factor was considerably different according to skirt tones. Only jacket tones worked as a striking clue in a tenderness factor.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1998

In this study, the polyurethane microcapsules containing disperse dye were prepared by in-situ polymerization method using hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI, aliphatic type) and m-xylene diisocyanate(XDI, aromatic type) with ethylene glycol (EG) And the size, shape, particle size distribution, and breaking behavior of microcapsules prepared were investigated. The size and shape of microcapsule were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) . The particle size distribution was analyzed by image analyzer. The breaking behavior of microcapsule was checked by measuring the optical density of solution that the disperse dye was dissolved after the microcapsule was broken by constant pressure. The particle size was inversely proportional to the stirring speed, and the size of microcapsule prepared from HDI and EG was smaller than that of microcapsule prepared from XDI and EG. Aliphatic type microcapsule was broken easily, compared with aromatic type one. It was considered due to the difference of reactivity between HDI and XDI. And the microcapsule prepared by stirring strongly was broken easily.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2012

In order to make a supermicrofiber fabric with PET/co-PET sea-island type filament fiber, the optimum conditions of dissolution of co-PET composite filament fiber was examined. The data set was made at various organic acid concentration and steam temperature with treated time as a main variable. At the same time, the microstructure changes by organic acid treatment of sea-island type PET supermicrofibers were monitored by thermal analysis morphology, DSC thermgrams and SEM images. Weight reduction behavior of supermicrofibers by caustic treatment was investigated in a comparative method. The termination of dissolution was also confirmed using DSC thermgrams and SEM images.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.14-21
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• 2004

In this research, we accomplished in order to improving color fastness of sublimation for Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-iodine polarized film. The poor iodine sublimation problem has greatly improved by $O_2$ low temperature plasma treatment. We obtained the followings: (1) plasma treatment has contributed in adhesive ability via peel strength, AFM image and roughness were investigated, But the improvement in adhesive strength was not linearly proportional to the treatment time. (2) $O_2$ plasma treated PVA-iodine polarized film was good enough as to maintain the transmittance and polarization even after iodine cone. of 0.05mol/L and dipping time of 50sec. (3) $O_2$ low temperature plasma treated PVA-iodine polarized film has obtain high durability because of good adhesive strength.