• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.36-41
• /
• 2013

Carotenoids are fat-soluble red-orange colored pigments found in plants and seafood-derived products, including algae, seaweeds, and fish muscle. In this study, we have demonstrated the molecular mechanism underlying the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of ascidian tunic carotenoids using mouse macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7). Cell viability was not affected by treatment of carotenoids < 10 ${\mu}g/mL$. This treatment also showed negative inhibition on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The DPPH radical scavenging activity of carotenoids was 47.2% at 100 mg/mL. It also has a potential reducing power (1.025) comparable with ascorbic acid (1.584). The ascidian tunic carotenoids would make a candidate for the commercially interesting biologically active cosmetic pigments.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• 제16권6호
• /
• pp.396-402
• /
• 2009

Tantalum nitrides ($Ta_3N_5$) have been developed to substitute the Cd based pigments for non-toxic red pigment. Various doping elements were doped to reduce the amount of high price Tantalum element used and preserve the red color tonality. Doping elements were added in the synthesizing process of precursor of amorphous tantalum oxides and then Tantalum nitrides doped with various elements were obtained by ammonolysis process. The average particle size of final nitrides with secondary phases was larger than the nitride without the secondary phases. Also secondary phases reduced the red color tonality of final products. On the other hand, final nitrides without secondary phase had orthorhombic crystal system and presented good red color. In other words, in the case of nitrides without secondary phases, doping elements made a solid solution of tantalum nitride. In this context, doping process controlled the ionic state of nitrides and the amount of oxygen/nitrogen in final nitrides affected the color tonality.

• Clean Technology
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2008

The properties of the dispersion of the red, green, and blue pigments were investigated for the manufacture of the millbase of LCD color filters. Their physical properties and viscosity were controlled to apply to the screen printing in order to substitute the existing photolithography method. The best dispersion properties were obtained with dispersant BYK-2000 and monomer EB-140. The millbase was pre-mixed at 500 rpm for 30 min, and dispersed at 4000 rpm for 5 - 6 hour by Torus Mill. The resulting particle sizes were $100{\sim}110\;nm$ for red, $50{\sim}70\;nm$ for green, and $60{\sim}80\;nm$ for blue. When the millbase viscosity was 200-300 cps in the low viscosity formulation, an efficient impact of the beads on pigments was achieved. The dispersion properties were confirmed from the rheological behavior and color characteristics.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.403-407
• /
• 1986

The rice leaf color, which was one of main factors to determine application time of fertilizers, was analyzed in visible region, while the distinction of photosynthetic pigments controlling the rice leaf color was separated by T.L.C. The light absorption peaks of ethyl ether extracts of rice leaf blades were occurred in 413, 432, 453 and 662nm. Especially, the maximal light absorption was 432nm in blue and 662nm in red region. The both light absorption ratios (blue to red region) was not greatly different among rice ecotypes, whereas decreasing tendency in increased fertilization was observed. There was a significant negative correlation between the both light absorption ratios and the values of color chart, and the content of chlorophyll in rice leaf blades. The composition ratio of chorophyll was larger than that of carotenoid at heading stage, and the carotenoid was larger than the chlorophyll at 30 days after heading. The composition ratio of chlorophyll among photosynthetic pigments according to rice ecotypes, Japonica x Indica cultivars were larger than Japonica cultivars at heading stage, and Japonica cultivars were larger than Japonica x Indica cultivars at 30 days after heading, while carotene was vice versa.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.128-134
• /
• 2004

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary pigment sources on the performance, color and antioxidant properties in broiler chick. Experimental diet was formulated to have isocalories and isonitrogen during the experiment period. Total xanthophylls content in the experimental diet was formulated to have 30ppm. Experimental trials were done for five weeks with six treatment groups; T1 (Control), T2 (Olo Glo, natural yellow pigment), T3 (Kern Glo, natural red pigment), T4 (canthaxanthin, synthetic red pigment), T5 (asthaxanthine, natural red pigment), and T6 (seaweed by-products). Body weight gain and feed intake were significantly lower (p＜0.05) in T6 group than in other treatments. Mortality was lower in T2, T3 and T4 than in control, but higher (p＜0.05) in T5 and T6. The sources of pigments did not have any effects on the dressed carcass and abdominal fat pad (p＞0.05). The gizzard weight was significantly lower in T6 (p＜0.05) than in others. Pigmentation of leg skin was significantly lower (p＜0.05) in control and T6. Effects of dietary pigments was greater with red pigments than with yellow pigments, and those were also greater with natural pigments than with synthetic ones. The peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and pH values of chicken meat were increased (p＜0.05) in all treatments at 12 day storage, and was higher (p＜0.05) in pigments supplementation group. No differences of CIE L$\^$*/(lightness) and b$\^$*/(yellowness) were not found by storage days and xanthophylls sources. The a$\^$*/(redness) after 12 day storage was significantly (p＜0.05) decreased in all treatments, but those of T4 and T5 were higher than those of others. These results showed that feeding of xanthophylls sources to chick could improve color intensity and inhibit lipid oxidation of leg meat.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.1825-1838
• /
• 2016

The detection of skin pigment is crucial in the diagnosis of skin diseases and in the evaluation of medical cosmetics and hairdressing. Accuracy in the detection is a basis for the prompt cure of skin diseases. This study presents a method to recognize and measure human skin pigment using Hemoglobin-Melanin (HM) coordinate. The proposed method extracts the skin area through a Gaussian skin-color model estimated from statistical analysis and decomposes the skin area into two pigments of hemoglobin and melanin using an Independent Component Analysis (ICA) algorithm. Then, we divide the two-dimensional (2D) HM coordinate into rectangular bins and compute the location histograms of hemoglobin and melanin for all the bins. We label the skin pigment of hemoglobin, melanin, and normal skin on all bins according to the Bayesian classifier. These bin-based HM projective histograms can quantify the skin pigment and compute the standard deviation on the total quantification of skin pigments surrounding normal skin. We tested our scheme using images taken under different illumination conditions. Several cosmetic coverings were used to test the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can detect skin pigments with more accuracy and evaluate cosmetic covering effects more effectively than conventional methods.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제38권3호
• /
• pp.287-296
• /
• 1991

Colonial morphology of the various yeasts often encountered in sputum or other clinical specimens was investigated on the corn meal-potato-yeast extract agar medium (GJCPY) containing orange-yellow pigments extracted from Gardenia jasminoides fruits in hopes of differential identification on primary cultures. The results obtained are as follows. 1) Cryptococcus neoformans which is a medically important yeast and whose colony showed brown to purple brown on GJCPY medium was distinguishable not only from buff colored Cr. laurentii after one week incubation but also from Candida spp. 2) Colony color of Candida albicans, a most common species in sputum specimens and of Ca. parapsilosis, a rare isolate, remained unchanged even after 15 days incubation. 3) Ca. tropicalis, second common isolate from sputums and Ca. krusei, a rare isolate, formed a characteristic rough and wrinkled colonies that permit to differentiate them from others. 4) Rare isolates, Ca. guilliermondii and Ca. lusitaniae, turned to prussian blue within three days of incubation. 5) Torulopsis sp. and Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed glossy grayish blue or light blue after one week incubation. The findings clearly showed that Ga. jasminoides pigments medium was useful to the morphological differentiation of medically important yeasts that were often encountered in sputum or other clinical specimens.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.134-140
• /
• 2011

To study the effect of color development of Ni-doped willemite blue pigments, five batches of compositions were prepared and fired at $1350^{\circ}C$/hold for 1 h. When Ni was substituted for ZnO by 0.03 mole the optimum result were obtained. Then they were fired at $1300^{\circ}C$ and held for 1, 2, 4 and 6 h respectively for the purpose sake. XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FT-IR, UV-vis were used to analyze the results of experiment. The substitution of 0.03mole Ni for Zn was most optimum and which produced good willemite at the temperature of $1300^{\circ}C$, holding for 6 h. In ceramic arts, cobalt has been used for blue coloring, in most cases, despite of its high cost. If the low cost Ni-doped willemite blue pigments supplies for them with stable and multiple shades of blue pigment, using NiO at high temperature, it would provide various blues for ceramic wares.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• 제47권4호
• /
• pp.302-307
• /
• 2010

This study aims to synthesize emerald-green malayaite pigments using $CaCO_3$, $SiO_2$, $SnO_2$ and $V_2O_5$. For this purpose, the optimum composition is $CaV_{0.25}Sn_{0.687}SiO_5$ and heating condition is at $1250^{\circ}C$ for 6 h of soaking time. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers(FT-IR), the Raman Spectrometer, Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) and the UV/Vis spectroscopy. The substituted V ion for Sn was observed to be quadrivalence. The analytical results of the synthesized pigment showed the tetragonal crystal, a typical form of Malayaite, and the particle size to be approximately $5{\sim}10\;{\mu}m$. The color in lime glaze added 12 wt% pigment was emerald green, and CIE Lab parameters are $L^*=67.73$, $a^*=-12.39$ and $b^*=9.28$.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• 제18권8호
• /
• pp.427-433
• /
• 2020

Based on the natural colors and techniques of Korean traditional Dancheong, the image from splendor and magnificence is used as a jewel in making ornaments by subjective interpretation of the researcher. The purpose of this paper is to propose the possibility of using as a jewelry design by combining the possibilities of various color expressions, the combination of solidity and luster synthetic resin by utilizing natural pigments and mono images used in Korean traditional monophonic. In this study, this study presented the possibility of accessing in the life of a modern person pursuing a lifestyle by introducing a mono image into jewelry design, and at the same time, approaching ornaments by using traditional materials of the past, modern materials, and digital production methods. We are looking for a wide variety of jewelry designs to be utilized.