• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2003

Cordyceps has a reputation for its broad biological activities and as a tonic which replenishs vital function in Chinese traditional medicines. As an attempt to obtain fundamental data for the development of new type Cordyceps, the effects of the fruiting bodies of cultivated fungus of Paecilomyces japonica grown on silkworm larvae on radiationinduced damages were investigated. We performed this study to determine the effect of Dongchongxiacao (Paecilomyces japonica) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells and hair follicles of mice irradiated with high and low dose of gamma-radiation. Treatment with Dongchongxiacao showed no significant modifying effects on the jejunal crypt survival and endogenous spleen colony formation. The frequency of radiationinduced apoptosis was reduced by pretreatment of Dongchongxiacao (i.p.: 50 mg/kg of body weight, at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation, p<0.01). The spontaneous levels of apoptotic cells are $0.082{\pm}0.041$ in intestinal crypts and $0.231{\pm}0.084$ per hair follicle section of skin. Pretreatment of Dongchongxiacao was associated with decreases of 26.86% in intestinal crypt and 66.36% in hair follicle decrease in the number of cells with nuclei positively stained for apoptosis compared with the irradiation control group. We demonstrated for the first time that Dongchongxiacao administration could reduce the extent of apoptosis produced by radiation in the hair follicle. The results presented herein that Dongchongxiacao given before irradiation is capable of reducing the severity of cell loss as a result of apoptosis.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.153-159
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• 1976

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.) de Bary의 상치, 오이 및 유채의 3균주에 대하여 PDA를 기본부지로하여 광선이 이들의 균핵형성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 광원으로서는 주광색 형광등을 사용하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 계속광처리에서 광도 480Lux까지는 광도가 증가함에 따라 증가했지만 성숙균핵의 건물중은 이와는 반대로 감소하였다. 그리고 800 Lux 처리에서는 균핵시원체의 유기가 크게 억제되었고 성숙균핵은 거의 형성되지 않았다. 2) 5000Lux의 고광도라 하더라도 48시의 단시간처리는 균핵시원체수 및 성숙균핵수를 증가시켰다. 그러나 성숙균핵의 건물중은 160 Lux에서만 다소 증가하는 경향이 있었다. 3) 광 shock 즉 1분간치의 계속광 48시간까지의 160 Lux, 500Lux 처리는 모두 균핵형성수와 건물중을 증가시켰는데 균핵형성수와 건물중을 증가시켰는데 균핵형성수는 500Lux에서 균핵건물중은 160Lux에서 더 높았다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.886-894
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• 2021

Objective: An experiment was conducted to study the effect of graded concentration of digestible lysine (dLys) on performance of layers fed diets containing sub-optimal level of protein. Methods: Five diets were formulated to contain graded concentrations of dLys (0.700%, 0.665%, 0.630%, 0.593%, and 0.563%), but similar levels of crude protein (15% CP), energy (10.25 MJ ME/kg) and other nutrients. A total of 3,520 hens (26 wk of age) with mean body weight of 1,215+12.65 g were randomly divided into 40 replicate groups of 88 birds in each and housed in an open sided colony cage house. Each diet was offered ad libitum to eight replicates from 27 to 74 wk of age. The performance was compiled at every 28 d and the data for each parameter were grouped into three phases, that is early laying phase (27 to 38 wk), mid laying phase (39 to 58 wk), and late laying phase (59 to 74 wk of age) for statistical analysis. Results: Egg production, egg mass and feed efficiency (feed required to produce an egg) were significantly improved by the dLys level during the early and mid laying phases but not during the late phase. Whereas feed intake was significantly reduced by dLys concentration during mid and late laying phases but not during early laying phase. The egg weight was not affected by dLys concentration in any of the three phases. Conclusion: Based on best fitted statistical models, dietary requirements of dLys worked out to be 0.685%, 0.640%, and 0.586% during early phase, mid phase, and late egg laying phase, respectively. The calculated requirement of dLys for the respective production phases are 727 mg/b/d during the early and mid laying phases and 684 mg/b/d during the late laying phase in diets containing 15% CP.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.118-123
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the composition of artificial cariogenic biofilms using a Streptococcus mutans biofilm model over a period of time. Methods: We analyzed the dry weight, colony forming unit (CFU) number, extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) biovolume, and acid production rate of S. mutans biofilms formed on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite discs after 26 h, 50 h, 74 h, 98 h, 171 h, and 195 h. In addition, we performed a laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy to determine the bacterial volume, EPS biovolume, and biofilm thickness. We calculated the biofilm density using dry weight and EPS biovolume. Results: Over a period of time, there was no change in the CFU number and acid production rate of S. mutans biofilms, but there was an increase in the dry weight and EPS biovolume of S. mutans biofilms. The bacterial volume, EPS biovolume, and biofilm thickness only increased in the 50-h-old biofilm; however, no change was observed in 50-195-h-old biofilms. In addition, an increase in the biofilm density was observed over time. Conclusions: These results suggest that the acid production ability of cariogenic biofilms does not change, but the biofilm density increases over time. However, due to scientific information, further research needs to be conducted in the field of dentistry to get further insights on the progression of cariogenic biofilms over time.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.371-392
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• 2015

TS-DP2 is a recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) manufactured by TS Corporation. We conducted a four-week study of TS-DP2 (test article) in repeated intravenous doses in male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Lenograstim was used as a reference article and was administered intravenously at a dose of $1000{\mu}g/kg/day$. Rats received TS-DP2 intravenously at doses of 250, 500, and $1000{\mu}g/kg/day$ once daily for 4 weeks, and evaluated following a 2-week recovery period. Edema in the hind limbs and loss of mean body weight and body weight gain were observed in both the highest dose group of TS-DP2 and the lenograstim group in male rats. Fibro-osseous lesions were observed in the lenograstim group in both sexes, and at all groups of TS-DP2 in males, and at doses of TS-DP2 $500{\mu}g/kg/day$ and higher in females. The lesion was considered a toxicological change. Therefore, bone is the primary toxicological target of TS-DP2. The lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) in males was $250{\mu}g/kg/day$, and no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) in females was $250{\mu}g/kg/day$ in this study. In the toxicokinetic study, the serum concentrations of G-CSF were maintained until 8 hr after administration. The systemic exposures ($AUC_{0-24h}$ and $C_0$) were not markedly different between male and female rats, between the administration periods, or between TS-DP2 and lenograstim. In conclusion, TS-DP2 shows toxicological similarity to lenograstim over 4-weeks of repeated doses in rats.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.69-74
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• 2001

담배 (Nicotiana tabacum cv. BY4)의 이배체 식물과 약배양으로부터 유도된 반수체 식물의 잎절편을 사용하여 0.5mg/L 2.4-D 단독처리구에서 캘러스를 유도한 후, 2.0 mg/L 2.4-D, 1.0 mg/L Kinetin 및 0.1 mg/L BAP를 조합처리하여 계대배양을 하였다. 이배체에서는 2.0 mg/L 2.4-D와 1.0 mg/L 카이네틴의 조합처리구에서, 반수체는 2.0 mg/L2.4-D 와 0.1 mg/L BAP 조합처리구에서 세포증식이 양호하였으므로, 현탁배양도 동일조건에서 실시하였다. 세포괴를 균일하게 한 현탁배양세포를 p-Fluorophenylalanine (PFP)이 5~100 $\mu$M의 농도로 단독처리한 배지상에 2.0 mL씩 평판배양하여, 10, 20, 30일 후 PFP의 처리에 대한 저항성 colony를 조사하였다. 배양 30일 후 세포주의 생중량을 측정한 결과 PFP의 농도가 높아질수록 감소하였다. 선발된 캘러스는 이배체서 peroxidase의 활성도가 5 $\mu$M PFP 처리시에 가장 높았는데 100 $\mu$M PFP 처리까지는 대조구보다는 높았다. Catalase의 활성도는 5 $\mu$M PFP 처리시 가장 높았으나 100 $\mu$M PFP 처리시 가장 낮았다. 한편 반수체에서는 peroxidase와 catalase의 활성도는 50 $\mu$M PFP 처리시 가장 높게 나타나서 이배체와 반수체 사이에 효소활성의 차이는 뚜렷했다.

• 한국양봉학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.9-19
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• 2020

토종벌 개량벌통에 대해 전문가와 양봉농가를 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였고, 4종 개량벌통(충주, 밀양, 하남, 수원)의 내외부 온습도와 무게변화를 2019년 5월 1일부터 2020년 1월 31일까지 비교 분석하였다. 양봉농가들은 개량벌통의 부수자재로 수직사양기, 받침대, 격리판, 소문조절기 등의 필요성에 공감했다. 벌통 중심부 육아권의 평균온도는 매우 안정하게 유지되는 경향을 보였고(31.3~35.1℃), 시험 벌통들 중 충주벌통에서 육아권의 일간 온도 변이가 가장 낮게 나타났다(≤1℃). 격리판 바깥 격리공간과 월동 봉구 상부의 평균 일간 온도 변이는 4종류 개량벌통들 간 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 벌통 육아권의 온도와 소비수 간 상관관계는 충주벌통이 가장 높았고(80.4%), 외부 온도와 월동 봉구 상부의 온도 간 상관관계는 4종류 벌통 모두 높았다(76.8~87.1%). 벌통 중심부 육아권의 상대습도(45~60%)는 상대적으로 벌통 외부 습도(60~85%)에 비해 낮고 일정하게 유지되었다. 월동 봉구 상부의 상대습도 변화는 수원벌통이 가장 안정적이었다(65~75%). 벌통들 중에서 가장 높은 누적 무게 증가가 밀양과 충주벌통에서 보였고, 이들 벌통은 누적무게 변화와 소비수 간에도 높은 상관관계(65~67%)를 나타냈다. 이상의 결과에서 토종벌은 자신들의 봉군 유지를 위해 육아권의 온습도를 일정하게 유지하는 능력을 보였지만, 개량 벌통의 규격에 따라 차이를 보임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.94-104
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• 2001

Objective : The objective of tihs study is to study the effects of anti-cancer, anti-metastasis and effects of immune-response of aqua-acupuncture with Cuscutae Semen infusion solution. Methods : We observed, in-vitro, the cytotoxicity and the effect on the expression of MMP-9 gene, and in-vivo, change of body weight, surviving number, MST, ILS, changes in amount of WBC, RBC, PLT, GOT, GPT, creatinine, glucose and LDH, number of Pulmonary colony. Results : 1. The effect on expression of MMP-9 gene was decreased in all the sample groups in B16-F10 cell line, and was decreased in Lane 1, 2, 3 in HT1080 cell, compared with control group. 2. BALB/c mice which was transpianted S-180 cancer cell line were inhibited significantly in weight increase, in all the sample groups, compared with control group. 3. The sample groups injected in vein with B16-F10 cancer cell line in C57BL/6 mice did'nt show significant change in the number of WBC, RBC, PLT. 4. In immune experiment, all the sample groups showed having more relevancy to the effect on splenic cell proliferation than normal groups. 5. $IFN-{\gamma}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ in cytokine-gene were increased in all the sample groups than control group. 6. In flow cytometry of spienic cell, the numbers of CD4+ cell, CD8+ cell and CD19+ cell in sample groups were increased than in control group. Conclusion : Above the results showed that aqua-acupuncture of Cuscutae Semen infusion solution has effects of anti-cancer, anti-metastasis and immune response improvement.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.568-572
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• 2001

빛은 식물에서 성장과 발달을 비롯한 다양한 생리화학적인 역할은 지닌다. 본 연구는 hGM-CSF 유전자가 도입된 형질전한 담배의 callus를 현탁배양하여 hGM-CSF를 생산할 때에 빛을 조사하는 시간에 따른 hGM-CSF의 생산에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 실시하였다. 24시간 명배양, 18시간 명배양과 암배양을 실시하여 세포성장과 분비된 총단백질, hGM-CSF 생산량을 비교 관찰하였다. 세포의 성장은 24시간 명배양일 때 건조중량이 14.4 g/L로 가장 높았다. 분비된 총단백질의 양은 세가지 경우에서 큰 차이를 관찰할 수가 없었지만, 단위 세포당 분비된 총단백질의 양은 암배양이 다른 것에 비해 1.5배 가량 높았다. hGM-CSF의 생산은 18시간 명배양 조건이 가장 좋았으며 최대생산량이 495.5ug/L에 이르렀다. 또한 분비된 총단백질에서 hGM-CSF가 차지하는 비율은 18시간 명배양이 24시간 명배양에 비해 최대 1.8배 높았다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.190-190
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• 2017

Chemical fertilizers have been used to increase crop production and contributed to escaping food shortages. However, excessive use of chemical fertilizers over a long period caused many problems such as environmental pollution and the hampered production potential of the land. Thus, it is necessary to develop eco-friendly bio-fertilizers that can replace the use of chemical fertilizers. Here, we tested the effect of some nitrogen-fixing microorganims on the plant growth promotion. Seventy free-living nitrogen fixing microorganisms were isolated from rhizosphere of crop cultivation fields, streamside soils and sludge in Ansung, Korea. Of them, three strains (NF2-4-1, Yeast; EMM409, Mesorhizobium; Gsoil662, Burkholderia) were selected to be most efficient in the capacity of N-fixing nitrogen based on colony forming cell assay in N-free media. To investigate the ability to promote plant growth, these strains were inoculated into the soil and cabbage were grown for 4 weeks in the grown chamber. Fresh weight, dry weight, and leaf area were measured from 4-week-old plants. Phenotypic analysis revealed that the growth of the plants inoculated with NF2-4-1 and EMM409 strains were significantly promoted compared to the mock-treated control plants, while Gsoil662-inoculated plants did not show statically significant promotion. These results indicate that these nitrogen-fixing microorganims can be used to develop plant growth promoting bio-fertilizers. Further analysis on nitrogen fixing level in soil by these strains will be tested.