• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1761-1766
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• 2012

Background: The appropriate interval between negative colonoscopy screenings is uncertain, but the numbers of advanced neoplasms 10 years after a negative result are generally low. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of colorectal neoplasm screening and management based on repeat screening colonoscopy every 10 years or single colonoscopy, compared with no screening in the general population. Methods and materials: A state-transition Markov model simulated 100,000 individuals aged 50-80 years accepting repeat screening colonoscopy every 10 years or single colonoscopy, offered to every subject. Colorectal adenomas found during colonoscopy were removed by polypectomy, and the subjects were followed with surveillance every three years. For subjects with a normal result, colonoscopy was resumed within ten years in the repeat screening strategy. In single screening strategy, screening process was terminated. Direct costs such as screening tests, cancer treatment and costs of complications were included. Indirect costs were excluded from the model. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the different screening strategies. Results: Assuming a first-time compliance rate of 90%, repeat screening colonoscopy and single colonoscopy can reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer by 65.8% and 67.2% respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for single colonoscopy (49 Renminbi Yuan [RMB]) was much lower than that for repeat screening colonoscopy (474 RMB). Single colonoscopy was a more cost-effective strategy, which was not sensitive to the compliance rate of colonoscopy and the cost of advanced colorectal cancer. Conclusion: Single colonoscopy is suggested to be the more cost-effective strategy for screening and management of colorectal neoplasms and may be recommended in China clinical practice.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.824-829
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• 2010

The safety and effectiveness of colonoscopy in the investigation of lower gastrointestinal tract pathology in children has been established for more than 2 decades in Korea. The skill and experience have since advanced to the point that both diagnostic and therapeutic colonoscopy are now routinely performed by most pediatric gastroenterologists. Pediatric colonoscopy differs significantly from its adult parallels in nearly every aspect including patient and parent management and preparation, selection criteria for sedation and general anesthetic, bowel preparation, expected diagnoses, instrument selection, imperative for terminal ileal intubation, and requirement for biopsies from macroscopically normal mucosa. Investigation of inflammatory bowel disease, whether for diagnosis or follow-up evaluation, and suspected colonic polyps are the most common indication for pediatric colonoscopy. The child who presents with signs and symptoms of lower gastrointestinal disorder should undergo colonoscopy with biopsy to make the diagnosis, as well as to help determine the appropriate therapy. This review introduces practical information on pediatric colonoscopy, the author's experiences, and the role of colonoscopic examination in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric lower gastrointestinal disorders.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.266-273
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was designed to identify the factors that influenced the decision to have a colonoscopy. Methods: The sample was one hundred ninety four subjects who completed a self administrated survey. The survey posed questions of self-efficacy scale, fatalism scale and an intention scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics including t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis. Results: There were statistically significant differences among the intention of having a colonoscopy and age, educational background, occupation and income. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between self-efficacy and intention of having a colonoscopy. In contrast, there was a negative correlation between fatalism and decision to have a colonoscopy. Self-efficacy, income and age were significant predictors of the decision to have a colonoscopy; accounting for 44.3% of the total variance. Conclusion: Self-efficacy and fatalism were influence the decision to have a colonoscopy. As a result of these, it may be useful to develop strategies to foster decision making to have a colonoscopy utilizing the findings from this study.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of thermotherapy on abdominal distension and pain during colonoscopy. Methods: This study used a nonequivalent control group and a non-synchronize design. Twenty-nine participants were assigned in an experimental group and 29 in the control group. For the experimental group, electronic heating pad was applied before test throughout the entire procedure. Results: Abdominal distension and total time required for colonoscopy significantly were lower in the experimental group than those in the control group. Conclusion: The results suggest that thermotherapy can be effective to improve abdominal distension and colonoscopy time in patients with colonoscopy. Therefore, thermotherapy can be recommended for those patients undergoing of colonoscopy.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.591-595
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• 2018

Intussusception after colonoscopy is an unusual complication. A MEDLINE search revealed only 7 reported cases. We present a report of a 28-year-old man who developed abdominal pain several hours after routine colonoscopy and in whom computed tomography (CT) revealed colocolic intussusception. We postulate that this condition is iatrogenic and induced by suctioning of gas on withdrawal of the colonoscope. A common observation among the reported cases was abdominal pain several hours after colonoscopy and right-sided intussusception. All cases had colonoscopy reaching the right side of the colon. Treatment for adult intussusception remains controversial with regard to reduction versus resection, especially given the high association with a pathological cause and malignancy. Among the 8 reported cases, only the current case did not require surgery. A combination of benign colonoscopy, CT, and the clinical picture should provide sufficient information to initially choose a more conservative treatment approach.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-91
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of aroma oil inhalation using lavender mixed with bergamot, and sandalwood oil in the ratio of 3:2:1 to the anxiety of colonoscopy patients. Method: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pre-post time experimental research. The data were collected from December, 2004 to March 2005. The total subjects were 60 patients who received colonoscopy at K-hospital in Chuncheon City. An aroma oil inhalation group inhaled for 10 min the mixed aroma oil, 3 drops of which were dropped on the gauze, 20 min before colonoscopy. Result: The anxiety of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p=.001). The degree of systolic blood pressure on the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p=.031). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the diastolic pressure (p=.065). Pulse has no significant difference between the aroma oil inhalation and control group (p=.546). Conclusion: The result showed that aroma oil inhalation before colonoscopy has an effect on decreasing anxiety. Thus, the intervention with aroma oil inhalation can be used for relieve anxiety of patients for colonoscopy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5523-5528
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• 2014

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of screening colonoscopy amongst first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in Turkey. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 first-degree relatives (mean(SD)age: 42.5(12.7) years, 55.5% were male) of 136 CRC patients were included in this cross-sectional questionnaire based survey. Data on demographic characteristics, relationship to patient and family history for malignancy other than the index case were evaluated in the FDRs of patients as were the data on knowledge about and characteristics related to the implementation of screening colonoscopy using a standardized questionnaire form. Results: The mean(SD) age at diagnosis of CRC in the index patients was 60.0(14.0) years, while mean(SD) age of first degree relatives was 42.5(12.7) years. Overall 36.3% of relatives were determined to have knowledge about colonoscopy. Physicians (66.9%) were the major source of information. Screening colonoscopy was recommended to 19.5% (n=78) of patient relatives, while 48.7% (n=38) of individuals participated in colonoscopy procedures, mostly (57.9%) one year after the index diagnosis. Screening colonoscopy revealed normal findings in 25 of 38 (65.8%) cases, while precancerous lesions were detected in 26.3% of screened individuals. In 19.0% of FDRs of patients, there was a detected risk for Lynch syndrome related cancer. Conclusions: In conclusion, our findings revealed that less than 20% of FDRs of patients had received a screening colonoscopy recommendation; only 48.7% participated in the procedure with detection of precancerous lesions in 26.3%. Rise of awareness about screening colonoscopy amongst patients with CRC and first degree relatives of patients and motivation of physicians for targeted screening would improve the participation rate in screening colonoscopy by FDRs of patients with CRC in Turkey.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9801-9804
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer is currently the third most common cancer in Indonesia, yet colonoscopy - the most accepted mode of screening to date - is not done routinely and national data are still lacking. Objective: To determine the detection rate of colorectal cancers and adenomas in unselected patients undergoing colonoscopy for various large bowel symptoms at the Digestive Disease and GI Oncology Centre, Medistra Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: Colonoscopy data from January 2009 to December 2012 were reviewed. New patients referred for colonoscopy were included. Data collected were patient demographic and significant colonoscopy findings such as the presence of hemorrhoids, colonic polyps, colonic diverticula, inflammation, and tumor mass. Histopathological data were obtained for specimens taken by biopsy. Associations between categorical variables were analyzed using chi-square test, while mean differences were tested using the t-test. Results: A total of, 1659 cases were included in this study, 889 (53.6%) of them being men. Polyps or masses were found in 495 (29.8%) patients while malignancy was confirmed in 74 (4.5%). Patients with a polyp or mass were significantly older (60.2 vs 50.8 years; p<0.001; t-test) and their presence was significantly associated with male gender (35.0% vs 23.9%; prevalent ratio [PR] 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.38-2.12; p<0.001) and age >50 years (39.6% vs 16.6%; PR 3.29; 95% CI 2.59-4.12; p<0.001). Neoplastic lesions was found in 257 (16.1%), comprising 180 (11.3%) adenomas, 10 (0.6%) in situ carcinomas, and 67 (4.2%) carcinomas. Conclusions: Polyps or masses were found in 30% of colonoscopy patients and malignancies in 16.1%. These figures do not represent the nation-wide demographic status of colorectal cancer, but may reflect a potentially increasing major health problem with colorectal cancer in Indonesia.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2023

Purpose: Total colonoscopy is recommended if colorectal polyps are clinically suspected. This study aimed to investigate the performance status of pediatric colonoscopic polypectomy in Korea. Methods: We surveyed pediatric endoscopic specialists who perform colonoscopic polypectomy in Korea using a questionnaire of 13 questions on pediatric colonoscopic polypectomy performance status. Results: The survey was conducted at 45 institutions, and 32 specialists (71.1%) responded. Among the respondents, 31.2% (10/32) said colonoscopy was performed in all age groups, while 12.5% (4/32) said sigmoidoscopy was performed in all age groups. Meanwhile, 56.2% (18/32) said that sigmoidoscopy was performed in young children, while colonoscopy was performed in older children. Among them, 38.9% (7/18) believe that 4-6 years were young, and 44.5% (8/18) believe that 7-9 years were young. Regarding surveillance examinations, 21.9% (7/32) said they would perform a surveillance colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy in the future if less than five juvenile polyps were found in the colon. Meanwhile, if less than five adenomatous polyps were found in the colon, 93.8% (30/32) said they would perform surveillance colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy in the future. Conclusion: More than half of the pediatric endoscopic specialists in Korea choose between a colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy depending on the patient's age, contrary to the generally accepted recommendation of total colonoscopy if colorectal polyps are suspected in children and adolescents. In this survey, most pediatric endoscopists used the age range of 4-9 years as the reference age.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2003

Virtual colonoscopy is one of the Powerful tool for non-invasive colon examination and many in-vitro and in-vivo studies have shown its accuracy in Polyp or adenoma detection. But most of virtual colonoscopy requires high quality workstation and software and its cost is high to setup whole system. We developed PC-based 3D model creation and navigation program which has diverse functions. It can be easily installed to PC and connected to network system. The performance. when used as a virtual colonoscopy. is evaluated by calculating sensitivity of detection for the simulated polyp which is artificially made inside the Pig's colon and checked its clinical feasibility, Its total sensitivity is 76%. Grouping according to Polyps diameter, the sensitivity for detection of polyps 10 ㎜ or larger was 100%(40 of 40); 5.0-9.9 ㎜, 90.0(90 of 100): and smaller then 5 ㎜. 36.7%(22 of 60).