• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2004

We undertook this study to investigate the effects of acupuncture and electroacupuncture on colonic transit time in old age constipation persons. Twenty three volunteers were old age constipation persons(mean age 69.72±2.43 years, mean defecation rate 1.83±0.41/week). Before acupuncture was only to check the radio-opaque markers transit time all the way through gastrointestinal tract. Simple acupuncture was to apply acupuncture therapy for three days. The fourth acupoints(both ST.25, TE.6) were selected and the needle was kept for 15 minutes. Electroacupuncture was same as the simple acupuncture except for applying 2Hz electrical stimulation. After Then we compare with three method Each transit time in the whole colon, right colon, left colon and rectosigmoid colon were checked in the order of before acupuncture, simple acupuncture, and electroacupuncture stimulation. In the before acupuncture stimulation, the transit time in each part of colon was as follows 19.48±1.76 32.74±2.69 25.61±2.13 76.62±7.95 hours. Simple acupuncture stimulation, the transit time was 17.47±1.10 33.10±1.87 24.12±1.65 74.87±3.91 hours. Compared with before acupuncture stimulation, the transit time was significantly shortened(P<0.05), especially in right colon transit time of simple acupuncture stimulation was significantly shortened(P<0.05). Electroacupuncture stimulation, was 16.32±1.97 32.91±2.48 21.53±1.94 71.59±2.82. Compared with the previous two trial, transit time in right colon and rectosigmoid colon were significantly shortened(P<0.05). Acupuncture and electroacupuncture stimulation change on the right colonic transit time in old age constipation persons and rectosigmoid colonic transit time was changed as electroacupuncture stimulation. In other words, old age constipation persons who suffer chronic constipation, acupuncture and electroacupuncture stimulation reduces the total colonic transit time.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.311-318
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• 1998

목적: 현재 소화기 증상이 없고 정상적인 배변 양상과 습관을 갖고 있으며 과거력상 만성적인 소화기 계통의 질환이 없었던 정상 성인에게 대장운동과 관계있다고 알려진 천추와 상거허에 침자극하고 대장 통과시간의 변화를 관찰하고자 하였다. 방법: 정상 성인 11명의 침자극전 대장 통과시간을 방사선 비투과성 표지자인 Sitzmarks capsule을 사용하여 우측 및 좌측 대장과 직결장, 전대장 통과시간 등으로 나누어 측정한후 대장의 하합혈인 상거허와 복모혈인 천추에 단순유침 15분 및 전침으로 침자극하고 같은 방법으로 대장 통과시간을 측정하여 비교하였다. 결과: 침자극전의 대장 통과시간 측정은 전대장 통과시간이 $10.60{\pm}12.11$시간 이었으며 우측 및 좌측 대장과 직결장의 통과시간이 각각 $3.92{\pm}7.72,\;3.27{\pm}6.37,\;3.41{\pm}5.57$시간 이었다. 단순 15분 유침후 대장 통과시간의 측정은 전대장 통과시간이 $10.48{\pm}12.35$시간, 우측 및 좌측 대장과 직결장의 대장통과 시간이 각각 $3.72{\pm}7.52,\;3.37{\pm}6.76,\;3.39{\pm}5.84$ 시간으로 유의하지 않았다(P>0.05) 전침 자극후 대장 통과시간의 측정은 전대장 통과시간이 $10.30{\pm}13.21$, 우측 및 좌측 대장과 직결장의 통과 시간이 각각 $3.92{\pm}8.02,\;3.07{\pm}5.41,\;3.31{\pm}5.49$ 시간으로 좌측 대장 통과시간이 유의한(P<0.05) 단축 소견을 보였고 우측, 직결장의 통과시간은 유의하지 않았다(P>0.05). 결론: 본 연구의 결과로서 좌측 대장의 통과시간이 천추와 상거허에 전침 자극시 유의하게 단축되는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 이것은 전침이 신경계나 체액성 작용에 의해서 신경의 흥분성을 증가시켜 좌측 대장에서 직결장쪽으로 대장 내용물의 이동을 촉진하는 것으로 생각 할 수 있다. 그러나 단순 유침에서는 침자극전 대장 통과시간과 차이를 보이지 않음으로서 모든 침자극이 정상인의 대장운동이 변화를 일으키지는 않는 것으로 생각되었으며 더욱이 전침자극후 좌측 대장외에 우측 대장, 직결장은 단순 유침과 전침자극에 모두 변화가 없었고 전대장 통과 시간의 변화도 유의성이 없어 천추와 상거허의 침자극은 정상인의 대장운동에 영향을 주지는 않을 것으로 사려되었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2003

Background and Purpose : We were to investigate whether simple and electric acupuncture can affect the colonic transit time in both normal persons and chronic constipation patients. Methods: Twenty one volunteers were divided into two groups; first, normal control group(N=12) who had normal defecation habits, second, chronic constipation group(N=13). Before acupuncture, colonic transit time was checked using radio-opaque markers. Then simple acupuncture was done at four acupoints(both ST36, LI4) and maintained for 15 minutes during 4 days. Electric acupuncture was done using same methods except for applying 2Hz electrical stimulation. Result : In the normal group, after simple acupuncture, each transit time in the total, right, left was not changed statistic significance compared to pre-acupuncture(P>0.05), but which of rectosigmoid colon shortened statistic significance(P<0.05). After Electric acupuncture, transit time of right colon was shortened(P<0.05), and extended(P>0.05) in rectosigmoid colon compared to pre-acupuncture and simple acupuncture. In constipation group, after simple acupuncture, only rectosigmoid colonic transit time shortened statistic significance compared to pre-acupuncture(P<0.05). After electric acupuncture, also the transit time of rectosigmoid colon was shortened statistic significance compared to pre-acupuncture(P<0.05), but not to simple acupuncture(P>0.05). Conclusion : In normal persons without constipation, acupuncture affect the colonic transit time differently to the methods of it. In chronic constipation group, simple and electric acupuncture only reduces the rectosigmoid colonic transit time statistically significant(P<0.05).

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.237-241
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• 2012

대장통과시간은 소화기관 질환의 병태생리에 따른 유형분류와 치료계획을 설정하는데 매우 중요한 역할을 수행한다. 사람에게는 만성변비환자나 장운동에 문제가 있는 환자를 분류하기도 한다. 본 연구는 국내에서 개발된 비투과 표지자 Kolomark를 이용한 개에서 대장의 통과시간을 측정하여 정상범위에 대한 기준을 제시하고자 한다. 건강한 Beagle 11마리(암컷 10마리, 수컷 1마리)를 대상으로 콜로마크를 이용하여 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 48시간마다 대장에 대한 잔류 개수와 통과 개수를 측정하였다. 대장에서 시간에 따른 콜로마크의 잔류량은 유의하였다. 콜로마크는 투여 후 4시간 후에 대장에 나타나기 시작하였고 8시간 후부터 잔류량의 유의한 차이가 확인되었다. 12시간 경과 후 대장내 콜로마크가 평균적으로 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 투여 후 24시간 후에는 약간의 잔류량이 확인 되었지만 48시간이 지난 후에는 대장 밖으로 모두 배출되었다. 콜로마크를 섭취후 배출까지 평균배출시간은 28.36시간이었다. 이번 연구를 통하여 콜로마크를 통한 개에서 대장통과시간의 정상 값을 확립하였으며 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 향후 변비환자의 치료 및 생리학적 검사를 보다 적극적으로 이용하는데 기초자료가 되리라 판단된다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2001

Current scintigraphic tests of gastrointestinal motor function provides relevant pathophysiologic information, but their clinical utility is controversial. Many scintigraphic methods are developed to investigate gastrointestinal motility from oral cavity to colon. These are esophageal transit scintigraphy, oropharyngeal transit study, gastric emptying test, small bowel transit time measurement, colon transit study and gastroesopahgeal reflux scintigraphy. Scintigraphy of gastrointestinal tract is the most physiologic and noninvasive method to evaluate gastrointestinal motility disorders. Stomach emptying test is regarded as a gold standard in motility study. Gastrointestinal transit scintigraphy also has a certain role in assessment of drug effect to GI motility and changes alter therapy of motility disorders. Scintigraphy provides noninvasive and quantitative assessment of physiological transit throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and it is extremely useful for diagnosing gastrointestinal motor dysfunction. This article reviews the current procedures, indications, significance and guidelines for gastrointestinal motility measurements by scintigraphy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2016

Purpose: Each ethnic group has a unique life style, including diets. Life style affects bowel movement. The aim of this study is to describe the results of colon transit time (CTT) tests in Korean children who had chronic functional constipation based on highly refined data. Methods: One hundred ninety (86 males) out of 415 children who performed a CTT test under the diagnosis of chronic constipation according to Rome III criteria at Konkuk University Medical Center from January 2006 through March 2015 were enrolled in this study. Two hundreds twenty-five children were excluded on the basis of CTT test result, defecation diary, and clinical setting. Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The median value and interquartile range (IQR) of CTT was 54 (37.5) hours in Encopresis group, and those in non-encopresis group was 40.2 (27.9) hours (p<0.001). The frequency of subtype between non-encopresis group and encopresis was statistically significant (p=0.002). The non-encopresis group (n=154, 81.1%) was divided into normal transit subgroup (n=84, 54.5%; median value and IQR of CTT=26.4 [9.6] hours), outlet obstruction subgroup (n=18, 11.7%; 62.4 [15.6] hours), and slow transit subgroup (n=52, 33.8%; 54.6 [21.0] hours]. The encopresis group (n=36, 18.9%) was divided into normal transit subgroup (n=8, 22.2%; median value and IQR of CTT=32.4 [9.9] hours), outlet obstruction subgroup (n=8, 22.2%; 67.8 [34.8] hours), and slow transit subgroup (n=20, 55.6%; 59.4 [62.7] hours). Conclusion: This study provided the basic pattern and value of the CTT test in Korean children with chronic constipation.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.1199-1206
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• 2004

This study was examined the effects of Daesenggi-Tang on intestinal mucosa and gastrointestinal transit time and plasma lipids in rats. Adult male rats were fed four weeks on diets containing no addition(basal diet group), 5% cellulose(cellulose group) and Daesenggi-Tang group(Daesenggi-Tang group). The results were as follows; 1. The gastrointestinal transit times was significantly decreased in Daesenggi-Tang administered group compare to basal diet and cellulose groups. Carmine red mixed with Daesenggi-Tang, as a marker, was administered through a gastric tube for stomach or intracecally by a chronically implanted catheter for colon transit. Small intestinal transit and large intestinal transit time were significantly decreased in Daesenggi-Tang administered group compare to basal diet. 3. The height of jejunal villi was developed in Daesenggi-Tang administered group compare to basal diet. The thickness of mucosa and muscle layer of colonic mucosa were significantly developed in Daesenggi-Tang administered group compare to basal diet group. 4. The numerical change of goblet cell in colonic mucosa was increased acid mucin stained alcian blue in Daesenggi-Tang administered group compare to basal diet and cellulose group. 6. HDL-cholesterol of plasma lipid was increased in Daesenggi-Tang administered group compare to basal diet and cellulose groups. Theses results suggests that Daesenggi-Tang may be used in prevention and treatment of constipation resulting in increase of fecal weight, decrease of gastrointestinal transit time, development of intestinal villi, intensify of stainability of acid mucin in colon.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2004

Constipation is a common clinical problem that comprises of symptoms that include excessive straining, hard feces, feeling of incomplete evacuation and infrequent defecation. Although many conditions, such as metabolic problems, fiber deficiency, anorectal problem, an drug, can cause constipation. This study was examined the effects of Chilsun-Whan on intestinal mucosa and gastrointestinal transit time and plasma lipids in rats. Adult male rats were fed for weeks on diets containing no addition(basal diet group), 5% cellulose(cellulose group) and 2.5% . Chilsun-Whan group(Chilsun-Whan group). The results were as follows; 1. The fecal weght was significantly increased 2 times in Chilsun-Whan administrated group compare to basal diet group. 2. The gastrointestinal transit times was significantly decreased in Chilsun-Whan administrated group compare to basal diet. 3. Carmine red mixed with Chilsun-Whan, as a marker, was administered through a gastric tube for stomach or intracecally by a chronically implanted catheter for colon transit. Small intestinal transit and large intestinal transit time were significantly decreased in Chilsun-Whan administrated group compare to basal diet. 4. The height of jejunal villi was developed in Chilsun-Whan administrated group compare to basal diet The thickness of mucosa and muscle layer of colonic mucosa were significantly developed in Chilsun-Whan administrated group compare to basal diet group. 5. The change of goblet cell in colonic mucosa was increased acid mucin stained alcian blue in Chilsun-Whan administrated group compare to basal diet and cellulose group. 6. HDL-cholesterol of plasma lipid was increased in Chilsun-Whan administrated group compare to basal diet and cellulose groups. Theses results suggests that Chilsun-Whan may be used in prevention and treatment of constipation resulting in increase of fecal weight, decrease of gastrointestinal transit time. development of intestinal villi, intensify of stainability of acid mucin in colon.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2006

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary fiber supplementation with snack type on functional constipation. We conducted a double blind case-control study with 3 groups; placebo, low dose group (LD: insoluble fiber 7 g/d + soluble fiber 1.2 g/d) and high dose group (HD: insoluble fiber 14 g/d + soluble fiber 2.4 g/d) , which were randomly assigned out of subjects with functional constipation, defined by modified Rome II criteria. We measured anthropometric parameters and evaluated the bowel movement frequency, stool type, straining, sense of complete evacuation, abdominal discomfort/pain, abdominal inflation, relief and colon transit time before, during the supplementation. Both LD and HD groups had significant improvement in straining, sense of complete evacuation and satisfactory relief compared with placebo group (p < 0.05). When subdivide by baseline colon transit time (less than 24 hrs/ 24 hrs or more and less than 72 hrs / 72 hrs or more), only HD group had significantly improvement; colon transit time recovered near by 24 hrs in subjects of 'less than 24 hrs' (from $7.57{\pm}1.40$ hrs to $25.2{\pm}3.91$ hrs, p < 0.01) and reduced in those of '24hr or more and less than 72 hr' (from $47.0{\pm}3.36$ hrs to $31.3{\pm}4.31$ hrs, p < 0.01) and '72 hr or more' (from $106.7{\pm}10.7$ hrs to $85.0{\pm}13.1$ hrs, P < 0.05) subjects. Particularly, positive effect of fiber supplementation on straining and sense of complete evacuation in test groups seemed to be greater in subjects of '24 hrs or less' and '24 hrs or more and less' than 72 hrs' than those of '72 hrs or more'. In conclusion, subjects with functional constipation, particularly those having colon transit time less than 72 hrs can significantly improve, at least in part, symptom related to constipation by fiber supplementation of snack type without serious side effects.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.948-956
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the effectiveness of Jeoreongchajeonja-tang as a treatment for patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Methods: Two irritable bowel syndrome patients who had visited Semyung University Korean Medical Hospital were enrolled. The patients were diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria, and the treatment effect was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and the colon transit time. Results: After treatment with Jeoreongchajeonja-tang for 4 weeks, the GSRS score was improved and colon transit time was delayed. Conclusions: This study suggests that Jeoreongchajeonja-tang is effective for improving diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. More extensive study is needed in the future.