• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.97-106
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• 2010

Earthworm, a prominent ecosystem engineer within many terrestrial ecosystems, can exert profound influences on various abiotic/biotic environments through bioturbation processes such as burrowing, casting and mixing of litter and soil. In this study, we investigated how the presence or absence of earthworm (Oligochaeta) can alter the soil physico-chemical conditions and ultimately the distribution and abundance of Collembola which constitutes a large proportion of the soil fauna. During September 2010, soil organisms along with soil samples were collected from randomly installed 20 plots in Mt. Gwan-ak. We examined the differences in the abundance of Collembola among plot samples in respect to the presence/absence of earthworm and soil physico-chemical conditions (i.e., pH, $PO_4^{3-}$, $NO_3^{2-}$, organic matter (OM), electrical conductance and water content). Analysis of soil physico-chemical environment revealed a significantly higher organic matter content and electrical conductance in plots with earthworm compared to plots without earthworm. Abundance of Collembola were not only higher in plots with earthworm than in plots without earthworm, but were also positively correlated with availability of OM present in the environment. The results suggest that positive impacts of earthworm on the abundance of Collembola in this study may have been due to their ability to effectively modify soil physico-chemical conditions favored by Collembola. Such conspicuous influence of earthworm's activity on below-ground community suggests their potential significance in forest restoration or revegetation process.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1994

Seven species of intersititial Collebola are identified from South Korean sand dunes. Three of them are new to science, Wilemia koreana, Onychiurus mariangeae and Protaphorura kwona. This is the first report of Collembola inhabiting coastal milieu from the Korean peninsula.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 1994

The present study deals with four species of interstitial Collembola from South Korea. They are new to science and as follows : Pseudonurida longisetosa n.sp., Onychiurus donjiensis n. sp., O. jindoensis n. sp.m, and Folomia minuta n. sp.. Two speices of them, Pseudanurida longisetosa and Folsomia minuta n. sp. were collected from shell heap. So far eleven halophilous species of Collembola, including species to be recorded in this paper, were reported from the Korean peninsula.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.393-402
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• 1996

Density fluctuations of soil microarthropods at the Piagol, Mt. Chiri was assessed on the basis of 113, 096 individuals collected from March 1993 to February 1994. Of 6 classes, and 18 orders, the Arachnida and Insecta were the most numerous members with abundance of 51.4% and 46.3%, respectively. The mean density of the Acari was $13, 310/m^2$ of microarthropods. The Acari were abundant in autumn and less found in winter and the density fluctuation of the Collembola followed a similar trend. The vertical distribution of the mesofauna revealed from the soil samples taken from the surface to 5 and from 5 to 10 cm in depths was as follows. In 5~10 cm layer. Collembola was numerous with abundance of 54.7%, followed by 40.1% fo Acari and the soil microarthropods reached the highest density peak in spring, while the lowest in winter. Populations concentrated in the 0~5 cm layer as much as 62.2% throughtout the season and 82.4% throughtout the altitudes. The Acari / Collembola (A/C) ratio in the 0~5 cm layer was higher than that in the 5~10 cm.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.83-91
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• 1997

One year study with litter bags(mesh size - 0.4mm, 0.8mm, 1.7mm and 5.0mm) was carried out to investigate the soil invertebrate community in the process of leaf decomposition in Namsan and Kwangreung deciduous forests, which were considered to be under different degrees of environmental selective pressure. Soil animals collected from litter bags were classified into the class of order or higher taxa. Acari and Collembola were major groups: Acari and Collembola were about 60% and 30% of total soil animals in their numbers, respectively. Among minor groups, Dipteria, Araneae, Diplopoda, Coleoptera and Chilopoda were comparatively dominant. In Namsan forest which was considered to be under higher environmental selective pressure than Kwangreung, the densities of Acari and Collembola were somewhat higher than in Kwangreung, although there was no statistically significant difference between two sites. The densities of Chilopoda, Enchytraeidae and Nematoda were much higher in Namsan than in Kwangreung but Diplopoda and Symphyla were much more in Kwangreung. It was expected that those groups could be used as bioindicators. The densities of Acari and Collembola were very low until March and then showed the peak in May. But they decreased slowly until November. There was no significant difference among the mesh sized of litter bags in the densities of Acari and Collembola but other groups of soil invertebrates seemed to be prevented from immigrating into the litter bag of mesh size 0.4mm. Decomposition rate of litter in the litter bag was low in early stage of decomposition. The % residual mass over initial mass at 8 months after litter bag introduction in the field was over 80%. Thereafter, % residual mass decreased more fast and was about 60% at 1 year after bag introduction. There was little evidence for the effects of soil invertebrates upon the litter decomposition in the period of this study. And there was no significant difference between Namsan and Kwangreung or among mesh sizes of litter bags in the decomposition rate.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.451-454
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• 1998

Gulgastrura reticulosa, first described by Yosii (1966) as a monotypic new genus from a Korean limestone cave, was reviewed for its systematic position by c1adistic analysis of morphological characteristics, investigation of its intermaulting period and reproductive cycle as well as allozyme and 18S rDNA analysis. The great extent of divergence was strongly suggested by its combined lack of sensory organs (third antennal organ, postantennal organ, eyes, pseudocelli) with simultaneous development of an 'apical organ'at the tip of the antennae. The obvious divergence from any existing Collembola families was additionally supported by the extremely prolonged intermoulting period as well as by the low strap value it showed with Onychiuridae as obtained by 18S DNA sequence analysis. All these were considered Justifying the creation of a new family, Gulgastruridae, but still revealing more allied to Onychiuvidae rather than to Hypogastruridae.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.479-484
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• 1995

We carried out the study on interstitial Collembola from Korean sand dunes. One new species and two new records for Korea were found. They are Friesea leei n. sp. of Neanuridae, and Proisotoma minuta Folsom, 1937 and Folsomides parvulus Stach, 1922 of Isotomidae. Also Archisotoma sp. was collected.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.265-288
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• 1991

한국산 털보톡토기과(Collembola, Insecta)의 계통유연관계를 알아보기 위해 이 과에 속하는 3개속(Sinella, Entomobrya, Homidia)의 6종과 가시톡토기과의 1종(Tomocerus kinoshitai)에 대하여 모서식과 형태적 조사 외에 전기영동을 이용한 효소분석을 시리시하였다. 이들 모든 조사에서 32개의 형태형질과 33개의 모서식형질 및 80개의 효소유전자 형질을 얻어 분지분석하였는데, 이중 효소유전자에 대해서는 UPGMA방법도 적용하였다. 이러한 분석 결과 다양한 분지도를 얻었으나, Homidia종들은 언제나 두 개의 무리로 분리되었으며, Homidia munda의 두 아종이 가장 유연관계가 높았다. 반면에 Homidia koreana의 두 개체군은 다소 분리되어 같은 종으로 보기 의심스럽다는 소견을 얻었다. 또한 형태형질분석으로 얻은 계통수에서 가시톡토기과의 Tomocerus종이 털보톡토기과의 속들 사이에 끼어들어 나타나는데 이것은 형질에 따라 비중을 달리두는 평가방법이 아니기 때문에 나타난 것으로 추측된다. 본 연구 결과 대체로 외부형질과 모서식, 그리고 효소유전자의 세가지 유형의 형질들을 종합 분석할 때 도출되는 계통수가 자연분류에 가장 가까운 근연성을 보이는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.165-174
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• 1987

동남아시아의 열대지역 동굴에서 톡토기를 채집하기 위해 Luzon(필리핀), 파푸아뉴기니아, Sulawesi(인도네시아), 말라야, 타이랜드에 수차 원정을 실시하였다. Acherontiella, Pseudosinella, Sinella, Oncopodura, Arrhopalites 등 속들이 조사지역의 모든 동굴에서 서식하고 있었다. 그러나 수개 속은 분포상 매우 제한되어 있었다. Troglopedetes는 동남아시아 대륙에서는 현저한 분화상을 보였으나 다른곳에서는 볼 수 없었다. Coecoloba는 파푸아 뉴기니아에서만 관찰될 뿐이고 멀리 떨어져 한국과 일본지역에서 다시 나타나고 있다. 대개의 종들은 토양산 계통으로 현재까지 유존종으로 생각되는 것은 발견되지 않았다.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.231-236
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• 1997

Arthropods of 3 Classes, 19 Orders and 58 Families were collected by the enticing band from the trunk of apple trees in winter in Kyongbuk province. The two spotted spider mite, Tetranychu.v urricae Koch, was dominant species with 53.0%, followed by Eriosomtr lanigerutn Hausmann. 16.7%. Oribatida 13.3% and Collembola 9.3%. Of those, herbivores were majority, followed by some decomposers and few natural enemies. Arthropods of 2 Classes, 12 Orders and 17 Families were observed from the fallen leaves. T. urric,ae 63.1% was dominant, followed by Collembola 13.797~ and other Arthropods. While 2 Classes, 9 Orders and 18 Families were investigated from the soil of apple orchards. They were collembola 37.9%. Oribatida 34.476, T. urticae Ih.l% and others in few numbers. Decomposers were majority, followed by herbivores and few natural enemies.