• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.81-99
• /
• 2020

Origin-destination data have been collected and utilized for demand analysis and service design in various fields such as public transportation and traffic operation. As the utilization of big data becomes important, there are increasing needs to store raw origin-destination data for big data analysis. However, it is not practical to store and analyze the raw data for a long period of time since the size of the data increases by the power of the number of the collection points. To overcome this storage limitation and long-period pattern analysis, this study proposes a methodology for compression and origin-destination data analysis with the compressed data. The proposed methodology is applied to public transit data of Sejong and Seoul. We first measure the reconstruction error and the data size for each truncated matrix. Then, to determine a range of principal components for removing random data, we measure the level of the regularity based on covariance coefficients of the demand data reconstructed with each range of principal components. Based on the distribution of the covariance coefficients, we found the range of principal components that covers the regular demand. The ranges are determined as 1~60 and 1~80 for Sejong and Seoul respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.44-52
• /
• 1990

In order to examine the possibility of seed propagation of jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) which has been propagated vegatatively so far, it was investigated the growth characteristics of seedlings and the biomass productivity by seed propagation in jerusalem artichoke. The results indicated that the seedlings from seeds exhibited the physiological dwarfing as a rosette habit. The physiological dwarfing as a rosette habit in jerusalem artichoke seedlings from seeds was a kind of appearance affected by photoperiod. This abnormal habit in seedlings from JA6 seeds during the growing period was persisted in short photoperiod of 10 hrs but was disappeared in long photoperiod of 14 hrs. In the condition of long photoperiod, seedlings from seeds grew normally and the average tuber yields obtained from seed propagation was finally 3.51 ton/10a, which can be the satisfying level to the use of seed propagation despite its complexity such as the needs of specific seedling time because it gives a high biomass productivity. This potential utilization of seed propagation in jerusalem artichoke can be basically applied to the collection or preservation of germ plasm and the improvement of jerusalem artichoke.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.209-218
• /
• 2004

To investigate the feasibility of embryo transfer technology to promote productivity of cattle, 36 cows(18 Holstein, 18 Hanwoo) were superovulated. Fresh embryos were transferred to 25 recipients(14 Holstein, 11 Hanwoo), whereas frozen embryos were transferred to 17 recipients(10 Holstein, 7 Hanwoo). Two embryos were transferred at a time to 13 recipients(9 Holstein, 4 Hanwoo) to produce twin calves. 1. 75.0％ of donor cattle were reacted to hormonal treatment far superovulation. 2. The rate of embryo recovery by non-surgical method for Holstein and Hanwoo was 90.4 and 95.8％ in comparison with numbers of corpus luteum. 3. Of all the ova collected non-surgically, the rate of viable blastocyst was 66.4％ and the rate of transferrable blastocysts was 48.6％. 4. The rate of embryo collection by one-catheter method was 75.0％. 5. The rate of pregnancy/delivery following embryo transfer with fresh embryos was 60.0％. 6. The rate of pregnancy/delivery following embryo transfer with frozen embryos was 35.3％. 7. In embryo transfer to produce twin calves, the rate of pregnancy/delivery was 28.6％ with fresh embryos and 16.7％ with frozen embryos.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.17-29
• /
• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate a morphological trait in 294 rice accessions including Korean breeding lines. We also carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to detect significant single nucleotide polymorphism markers and candidate genes affecting major agronomic traits. A Manhattan plot analysis of GWAS using morphological traits showed that phenotypic and statistical significance was associated with a chromosome in each group. The significance of SNPs that were detected in this study was investigated by comparing them with those found previously studied QTL regions related to agronomic traits. As a result, SNP (S8-19815442), which is significant with regard to leaf angle, was located in the known QTL regions. To observe gene mutations related to leaf angle in a candidate gene, Os08g31950, its sequences were compared with sequences in previously selected rice varieties. In Os08g31950, a single nucleotide mutation occurred in one region. To compare relative RNA expression levels of candidate gene Os08g31950, obtained from GWAS analysis of 294 rice accessions and related to lateral leaf angle, we investigated relative levels by selecting 10 erect leaf angle varieties and 10 horizontal leaf angle varieties and examining real-time PCR. In Os08g31950, a high level of expression and various expression patterns were observed in all tissues. Also, Os08g31950 showed higher expression levels in the erect leaf angle variety group and higher expression rates in the leaf than in the root. The candidate gene detected through GWAS would be useful in developing new rice varieties with improved yield potential through future molecular breeding.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.143-164
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine toddlers' experienced world, which was shown in a play of the nature-friendly outdoor environment. Through this, the aim was to offer an opportunity of trying to seek a plan for activation in the nature-friendly outdoor play as for toddlers. This study targeted 9 toddlers between 22 months and 33 months who are attending S child care center where is located in Busan Metropolitan City, and was progressed with qualitative research method available for examining the in-depth significance of the phenomenon. A method of data collection was carried out the participatory observation and the in-depth interview. As a result of the study, the toddlers play experience in nature friendly outdoor environment provided special and various experience that can be limited in indoor at daycare center. First, toddlers were experiencing 'exploratory world of making a sense awakened.' Second, toddlers were experiencing 'communicative world of making emotion awakened.' Finally, on the early childhood education and the child-care education, a plan of offering enough time will need to be pursued now that toddlers can experience a play by being deeply immersed in nature, which is the space of free communication and the living sensational space, with escaping from the existing frame.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2012

A 3D map provides useful information for intelligent services. Traditional 3D maps, however, consist of a raw image data and are not suitable for real-time applications. In this paper, we propose the Block-based 3D map, that represents three dimensional spaces in a collection of square blocks. The Block_based 3D map has two major variables: an object ratio and a block size. The object ratio is defined as the proportion of object pixels to space pixels in a block and determines the type of the block. The block size is defined as the number of pixels of the side of a block and determines the size of the block. Experiments show the advantage of the Block-based 3D map in reducing noise, and in saving the amount of processing data. With the block size of $40{\times}40$ and the object ratio of 30% to 50% we can get the most matched Block-based 3D map for the $320{\times}240$ depthmap. The Block-based 3D map provides useful information, that can produce a variety of new services with high added value in intelligent environments.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2002

In order to analyze the life cycle of A. artemisiifolia var. elation dormancy and some environmental factors inducing germination of the seeds were examined. The results were as follows : Dormancy of fertile seeds was broken in part within a month after seed collection in case of adequate moisture and alternating temperature was also effective in breaking dormancy. The temperature range, which allow germination was 12℃ ∼ 32℃. Optimum temperature for germination was 24℃. The seed of A. artemisiifolia var. elatior was light-independent. The difference of storage period appeared to have no particular effect on the viability of seeds at any time during the 9-month storage period. In the increasing temperature(IT) regime, A artemisiifolia var. elatior seeds started to germinate at 16℃, showing the higher temperature the greater germination rate, the final germination percentage was 99.34%. On the other hand, in the decresing temperature(DT) regime, seeds began to germinate at 20℃ with the 1.34% germination. An induced dormancy occurred at 12℃ making the 5.34% fecal germination in the DT regime. Low temperature was more effective to break dormancy than higher temperature Seeds of A. artemisiifolia var. elatior seems to be germinated in mid to late autumn or germination delayed until following spring. The above results suggest these variation of germination response in diverse environmental factors seems to be a physiological strategy to maintain their existence and to reproduce in the extreme thermal variation.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 1990

In order to obtain the basic data fir the effective seed production of sea squirt, Halocynthia roretzi(Drasche), the influence of water temperature and light intensity on spawning induction, egg development and seed settling were investigated during the Period from December 24, 1906 to February 24, 1987. The maximum number of eggs spawned was obtained at $14^{\circ}C$. The relationships between the water temperature (T, $^{\circ}C$) and the required time (h, hour) in each egg developmental stage were given as follows : Up to 8 cell 1/h =0.0147 T-0.0069(.=0.9816), Up to 32 cell 1/h =0.0100 T-0.0017(r=0.9672), Up to early tadpole 1/h =0.0043 T+0.0024(r=0.9913), Up to hatching larva 1/h =0.0021 T-0.0021 (r=0.9898). The highest rate of seed attachment was obtained at $14^{\circ}C$ of water temperature.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.247-261
• /
• 2000

It is important for nursing faculties to try to improve their professional knowledge and skill in nursing education. Thus it is essential for them to participate in clinical training program. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect and satisfaction of faculty clinical training programs which were managed by Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education and 4 Hospitals(Samsung Medical Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Asan Medical Center, Yeonsei Sebrance Medical Center) in Seoul. The data collection was done from July, 1999 to December, 1999 and the 125 subjects were used for the analysis. The purpose of participation of professor to clinical training course was found that to observe of up-to-date treatment method($3.57{\pm}.60$) and to connect between knowledge and practice ($3.63{\pm}.50$). The professors were highly satisfied with 'can see the high-tech institution and facilities($3.45{\pm}.62$)' and 'can confirm in advanced nursing field and practice ($3.38{\pm}.58$)' in clinical training program. And it was found that nursing professors applied the experience of participation in clinical training program to lecture and clinial practice for students. But they were dissatisfied with 'they had no or not enough time to practice'. In conclusion, the clinical training program was useful for nursing professor to educate and instruct the students. It is suggested that the more advanced course and practical program have to be developed for nursing faculties.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.17 no.sup3
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2016

One of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in breast cancer patients is delay in seeking help. Leventhal's self-regulation model provides an appropriate framework to assess delay in seeking help. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between "illness perception" and "help seeking delay" in breast cancer patients based on Leventhal's self-regulation model. In this correlational descriptive study with convenience sampling conducted in 2013, participants were 120 women with breast cancer who were diagnosed in the last year and referred to chemotherapy and radiotherapy centers in Rasht, Iran. Data collection scales included demographic data, Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R)and a researcher made questionnaire to measure the delay in seeking help. Pre-hospital delay (help seeking delay) was evaluated in 3 phases (assessment, disease, behavior). The data were analyzed using SPSS-19. The mean (SD) age calculated for the patients was $47.3{\pm}10.2$. Some 43% of the patients had a high school or higher education level and 82% were married. The "pre-hospital delay" was reported ${\geq}3months$. Logistic regression analysis showed that none of the illness perception components were correlated with appraisal and behavioral delay phases. In the illness delay phase, "time line" (p-value =0.04) and "risk factors"(p-value=0.03) had significant effects on reducing and "psychological attributions" had significant effects on increasing the delay (p-value =0.01). "Illness coherence" was correlated with decreased pre-hospital patient delay (p-value<0.01). Women's perceptions of breast cancer influences delay in seeking help. In addition to verifying the validity of Leventhal's self-regulation model in explaining delay in seeking help, the results signify the importance of the "illness delay phase" (decision to seek help) and educational interventions-counseling for women in the community.