• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2010

국토의 70%를 산이 차지하고 있는 우리나라의 여건으로 볼 때 효율적이고 경제적인 연약지반 개량의 필요성이 점차 높아지고 있다. 해양개발을 위한 연약지반개량 공법에는 모래다짐말뚝공법, 치환공법, 프리로딩공법, 대기압공법, 지하수위 저하공법, 팩드레인공법, 생석회말뚝공법 등이 있는 데, 그 중 모래다짐말뚝공법은 모래의 수급이 어려워져 수입하는 등의 경제적인 문제점과 모래채취로 인한 자연 훼손의 문제점을 야기하므로 이에 대한 대책공법이 시급한 실정이다. 최근, 모래와 공학적 성질이 유사한 화력발전소 부산물인 저회를 대체 재료로 활용하기 위한 연구가 이루어지고 있으나 연약지반 개량 재료로 활용하기 위한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 10~80%의 치환율로 복합지반을 조성하여 대형직접전단시험, 전단시험, 표준압밀시험을 실시한 후 저회다짐말뚝의 전단특성과 압밀특성을 규명하였다. 연구결과 저회다짐말뚝의 치환율이 증가에 따라 전단강도 정수는 증대하고, 침하저감 계수 및 $t_{90}$은 감소하는 경향이 나타났다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2014

Laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) is a convenient method for collecting oocytes in small ruminants. LOPU has the advantage of being a less invasive means of oocyte collection, thereby allowing for a repeated usage of the oocyte donor animals. A total of 25 Korean black goats were used in the winter season (December to February) and LOPU was applied to the goats which had been treated for superovulation more than two times during the last twelve months. Estrus was synchronized with an intravaginal insert containing 0.3 g progesterone for 10 to 12 days. Ovaries were hyperstimulated with eCG 1,000 IU oneshot, FSH with eCG (50 mg / 1,000 IU; 70 mg / 500 IU; 70 mg / 1,000 IU) oneshot or FSH multiple-shot with eCG oneshot ($20mg{\times}6/300IU$) given intramuscularly 72 h prior to LOPU. For these groups, the number of follicles (mean ${\pm}$ SEM) observed which developed to larger than 2 mm in diameter were $1.6{\pm}2.5$, $4.3{\pm}3.1$, $5.5{\pm}4.2$, $6.6{\pm}2.1$ and $8.8{\pm}7.8$, respectively. Oocytes were aspirated by using OPU needles and a vacuum pump. The overall oocyte retrieval rates were 41.4%. Oocytes were matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 10% (w/v) bovine serum albumin + $10{\mu}g/ml$ FSH + $1{\mu}g/ml$ $17{\beta}$-estradiol for 27 h at $39^{\circ}C$ in 5% $CO_2$ in air. Oocytes were parthenogenetically activated by ionomycin combined with 6-diethylaminopurine (6-DMAP). Total oocyte maturation and cleavage rate were 67.3% and 78.8%, respectively. In summary, LOPU is a useful oocyte collection method in Korean black goats that can provide immature oocytes for transgenesis or nuclear transfer.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.116-126
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• 2013

강설, 안개발생 등 기상상태의 변화는 운전자의 주행환경에 영향을 미치는 기상요인으로 기상악화 시 차량의 차두간격과 속도에 영향을 미치게 되어 도로용량을 감소시키고, 교통사고 발생으로 인한 차로감소 등의 상황을 유발하여 맑은 날보다 더 큰 혼잡을 발생시키는 것으로 분석되었다. 운전자의 시정을 감소시키는 기상악화는 통행속도가 높은 고속도로가 일반도로 보다 기상상태에 따른 통행속도 변화 민감도와 교통사고 심각도가 높게 나타나는 특성이 있다고 분석됨에 따라 고속도로의 교통류 특성변화에는 시정거리가 중요하게 작용하는 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 통행속도가 높은 고속도로 기본구간의 교통류 특성에 영향을 미치는 주요 요인으로 교통량과 속도를 선정하였으며, 일정수준 이상의 교통량 확보가 가능한 수도권내 고속도로를 분석대상으로 선정하고 기상자료와 교통자료를 수집하여 시정거리 변화에 따른 고속도로 교통류 특성변화에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구의 수행을 위하여 기존 문헌 고찰을 통해 자료수집 및 분석방법을 수립하고 고속도로의 시정거리 수준을 선정하며, 통계적 차이 검증을 수행하고 시정거리에 따른 고속도로의 교통류 특성 변화를 분석하여 용량 및 서비스 수준 분석 시 적용할 수 있는 방안을 강구하고자 한다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2017

2011-2015년까지 경남 하동군 악양 집수역의 해발고도 8~1,073m 범위에 설치된 10개 무인기상관측기에서 0600, 1500 기온 관측값을 수집하여 월별 표준편차를 계산하고, 소기후모형으로부터 예측된 기온의 표준편차 결과를 함께 비교하여 미관측 지점의 추정기술에 실효성이 있는지 평가하였다. 소기후모형에 따른 예측값은 월별 0600, 1500 기온의 표준편차를 각각 88%, 86% 정도 설명할 수 있었지만, 전반적으로 과소추정하는 경향이었다. 겨울철과 여름철에 나타나는 낮은 고도 대비 해발고도가 높아질수록 변이가 작아지거나 커지는 방향성에 있어서 관측값과는 반대양상으로 나타나 당초 기대와는 다른 결과를 보였다. 또 다른방법으로 월별 기온 표준편차와 지형간의 관계를 정량화하여 임의지역의 지형특성과 종관규모 수준의 기온자료 만으로 표준편차 분포를 예측할 수 있을지 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 회귀모형은 해발고도편차에 따라 보정된 월별 기온 외에, 경사도와 경사향 등 기본적인 지형인자와 온난대효과와 냉기집적효과, 개방도 등의 기온과 관련된 변수들을 고려하여 월별로 표준편차를 가장 잘 설명할 수 있는 변수를 1~3개까지 선발하여 만들어졌으며, 월별 결정계수는 0.46부터 0.98 범위로 나타났다. 회귀모델을 이용해 기온이 관측되지 않는 임의지역의 표준편차를 지형변수의 최소-최대값 유효범위 내에서 월별로 예측한다면 70% 수준의 추정능력으로 공간변이 분포도를 나타낼 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.369-379
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• 2015

Objectives: The lack of reliable information on environmental pollution and health impacts related to asbestos contamination from abandoned mines has drawn attention to the need for a community health study. This study was performed to evaluate asbestos-related health symptoms among residents near abandoned asbestos mines located in the Chungcheong Provinces. In addition, exposure assessment for asbestos is needed although the exposure to asbestos was in the past. Methods: Past exposure to asbestos among inhabitants near abandoned asbestos mines was estimated by using surface sampling of deposited dust in indoor and outdoor residences. A total of 54 participants were divided into two groups with (34 cases) and without (20 controls) diseases related to asbestos. Surface sampling of deposited dust was carried out in indoor and outdoor residences by collecting 105 samples. Deposited dust for sampling was analyzed by polarization microscope (PLM) and scanning electron microscope?energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) to detect asbestos. Subsequently, the elements of the deposited dust with asbestos were analyzed by SEM-EDX to assess the contribution of sources such as abandoned mines, slate and soil. Results: Among the 105 samples, asbestos was detected by PLM in 29 (27.6%) sampling points, and detected by SEM in 56 (48.6%) sampling points. Asbestos in indoor residences was detected by PLM in four sampling points, and by SEM in 12 sampling points. Asbestos detection in indoor residences may be due to ventilation between indoors and outdoors, and indicates long-term exposure. The asbestos detection rate for outdoor residences in the case group was higher than that in the control group. This can be explained as the case group having had higher exposure to asbestos, and there has been continuous exposure to asbestos in the control group as well as the case group. Conclusion: Past residential asbestos exposure may be associated with asbestosis among local residents near abandoned asbestos mines. Odds ratios were calculated for asbestos detection in outdoor residence by logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio between asbestos detection and asbestosis pulmonum was 3.36 (95% CI 0.90-12.53) (p=0.072), adjusting for age, sex, smoking status and work history with multi-variable logistic regression by PLM analysis method.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.445-462
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to provide some basic data for the direction of nursing education and practice to prevent nursing malpractice as investgating perception of the nurse on the nursing malpractice and its case. Data were collected from 450 nurse working in four general hospitals which were located in Chonbuk province from November 9 to 21, 1998 through questionnare. The structured instruments developed by the reseacher were used for collecting data. The Results were as follows: 1) As for the cognition of the nursing malpractice case, the transfusion accident was 37.3%, the side-effects of KCL injection(19.3%), hymen rupture by uterus cancer test, the side-effects of aminophyllin injections on dyspnea patient and the others were 10% below. 2) With regard to the channel of the perception of the nursing malpractice case, mass-communication was taken first and followed through by neighbors, In-service education, school education, continuing education 3) As for the direct${\cdot}$indirect experience of the nursing malpractice case, transfusion accident was 51.3%, the fall of NPO patient after an operation 40.1%, the side-effect of KCL injection 32.5%, suicide of the psychiatric patient 32.5%, and the others were 30% below. 4) The possibility of nursing malpractice case was an average 2.57(${\pm}$0.91) and the highest was the fall of the NPO patient after an operation. 5) The perception on the responsibility of the nursing malpractice in its case was indicated as a joint-fault in ten nursing malpractice instances. As compared to the real decision, nurse's perception of the responsibility in the fall of the NPO patient after an operation, the side-effect of KCL injection, the tracheal edema of the patient who had a thyroid operation, the suicide of psychiatric patient, the hymen rupture by uterus cancer test accorded real decisions. But the other cases were different from the real decisions. These cases were perceived as ones of joint fault even in cases determined as Dr's single fault cases or those in which both doctor and nurse were declared free of fault. 6) Knowledge levels of the nursing malpractice, school education and In-service education were perceived as low but anxiety levels of the malpractice were high. 7) With regard to the countmeasure of the hospital after nursing malpractice, the rate answered as "the practice settled the accident temporarily and forced the person in charge to be punished" was highest. In conclusion, the level of the cognition of the clinical nurse on nursing malpractice cases was low. As nurses' perception on the responsibility of the nursing malpractice case was compared to the real decision, there was a difference in five cases out of the ten cases.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.131-138
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• 1974

The author has conducted survey on the status of physical growth and morbidity of the children for christian children's fund programme, as a means of collecting basic data for the anticipated establishment of a health planning. A total 345 children aged 9 to 16 underwent C.C.F. programme while as a control, a total of 480 children of same ages from the middle-class school children in Jeonju area was also studied. As results of survey conducted for a period of one month (form July 1 to 31, 1974) on a total 429 children in 347 households living in Jeonju area. I. Socio-economic background 1. By educational status of the children, 39.9 per cent of the total children was attending at primary school, 33.8 per cent in middle school and 15.6 per cent in high school. 2. The greatest proportion or 28.8 per cent of the household head were engaged in labor, 17.9 per cent in peddler and 13.2 per cent in retail. 3. As for the living standard of the households, low class constitued 90.1 per cent, middle and high classes only 9.9 per cent. 4. 39.5 per cent of the households had their own house, 39.1 per cent lived in rent deposit house or rooms and 14.6 per cent in monthly rented house and rooms. II. Physical growth and nutritional status 1. The growth of children for C.C.F. programme in terms of height was found to be slightly smaller than the school children. The ages frm 9 to 16 corespond to the 'secondary growth and replenishment period and this period was regarded to be the one most affected by environmental and nutritional factors of all the other periods of growth and developmet. 2. The body weight of the children for C.C.F. presented a quite different pattern from that of the school children. The above findings appeared thin-and-long stature from the famillies with higher living standard while those from the household with low standard of living had a short-and-plump one. 3. According to the values of Rohrer's index, the children of C.C.F carried a higher degree of 'replenishment' than the children in Jeonju area and adolesecence comes later for the girls under C.C.F. programme. III. Morbidity 1. The monthly prevalence rate was 110.0 per thousand persons for the children under C.C.F. programme. 2. The total number of case was classified by timing of the incidence as follws. 40.0 per cent was constituted by diseases carried over from tile previous month and 60.0 per cent by new incidences. 3. The diseases were broken down by W.H.O. disease classification into the greatest proportion or 39.1 per thousand person constituted by disease of the digestive system.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.419-422
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• 2002

참당귀 신품종 "안풍"은 작물시험장에서 지역수집종을 개체 및 집단선발하여 육성한 품종이다. 1999년부터 2001년까지 수원, 평창, 봉화 3지역에서 지역적응시험을 실시한 결과 저추대 고품질 다수성으로 인정되어 2001년 농촌진흥청 농작물직무육성 신품종선정심의위원회에서 신규품종으로 결정되어 품종보호출원을 하였다. 안풍의 주요 특성은 다음과 같다. 1. 엽색은 녹색이고 줄기색은 녹색에 자색을 띠며 꽃색은 적자색이고 종피색은 담갈색이다. 뿌리의 표피는 황갈색이고 육질은 백색이다. 2. 초장은 만추당귀 보다 길며 엽수는 비슷하였으나 생육기간중 지상부 생육은 만추당귀에 비하여 양호하였다. 뿌리는 만추당귀에 비하여 근장이 길고 근경이 굵으며 지근수가 많아 주당 건근중이 무거웠다. 3. 점무늬병은 만추당귀와 비슷하였으나 뿌리썩음병은 다소 적었다. 응애는 만추당귀와 비슷하였다. 4. 온상육묘이식 재배시 1년차에 안풍의 추대율은 0.6%로 만추당귀 0.3%보다는 다소 높았으나 진부재래 49.3%보다 낮았다. 노지육묘이식 재배시 2년차에 추대 및 개화되는 정도는 $0{\sim}15%$정도이다. 5. 3개지역 3년간 안풍의 평균수량은 3,630 kg/ha로 만추당귀 3,270 kg/ha보다 11% 증수되었다. 6. 안풍의 엑스함량은 46.3%, 데쿠루신은 3.48%, 데쿠루시놀 안젤라이트는 2.79%로 주요성분 모두 만추당귀 보다 높았다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.236-245
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• 2015

저자는 2013년 1월 15일부터 2015년 3월 25일까지 약 2년 2개월에 걸쳐 우리나라 9개 자연사박물관을 방문하고 오류연구를 하였다. 그 결과 7개 박물관에서 총 28개의 오류를 발견하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 이러한 오류가 왜 발생하는가, 또 오류가 발생하지 않게 하거나 발생한 오류를 조기에 수정하는 방법은 없을까 하는 대안을 찾는데 있다. 그렇게 하기 위해 선행논문과 서적을 연구하고 대상 자연사박물관에 대한 설문조사를 하였다. 연구결과를 토대로 다음과 같은 대안을 제시하였다. 첫째, 세부전공 분야별 학예사 인력을 확충하되, 단기적으로는 대학 등과 연계하여 자료 발굴, 보전, 연구, 전시자료 작성 등에 전문가를 참여시킨다. 둘째, 전시과정에서 미리 분류체계를 수립하며 보전전문가를 확보한다. 셋째, 전시과정에서 외부 전문가의 심의과정을 만들고, 관람자의 의한 오류 시정 절차를 구축한다. 넷째, SNS, 도슨트, 교육프로그램을 통해 학생과 주민이 오류시정 참여하도록 해야 한다. 다섯째, 대중매체를 통해 명확한 학술적 배경을 기반으로 만들어진 고생물들의 참신한 모습을 보여줌으로써 기존의 문화적 관성을 해결한다.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2011

This study was performed in order to determine optimum flushing solution using the direct embryo collection (DEC). Donors, at random stages of the estrous cycle, received a CIDR. 7 days later, 200 mg FSH was treated with 40, 30, 20, 10 mg FSH levels in declining doses twice daily by intramuscular injection for 4 days. On the 3$^{rd}$ day administration of FSH, 25 mg $PGF_2{\alpha}$ was administered and CIDR was withdrawn. After FSH injections were complete, donors were artificially inseminated twice at 12 hr intervals. The donor cattle received 250 ${\mu}g$ GnRH at time of 1$^{st}$ insemination and embryos were recovered 8 days after the 1$^{st}$ insemination. Embryo collection from superovulated donors were performed to flushing by DEC and conventional method. As a results, the average number of recovered embryos were significantly higher as 19.1${\pm}$1.40 with DEC method than 12.0${\pm}$0.44 with conventional embryo collection method, respectively (p<0.05). Also, The average number of transferable embryos were significantly higher (p<0.05) as 15.8${\pm}$1.72 with DEC method than 6.9${\pm}$0.35 from conventional embryo recovery procedures. Meanwhile, number of recovered embryos and number of recovered transferable embryos following the number of flushing times until 6${dr}$ flushing were significantly higher as 8.6${\pm}$0.53 and 8.6${\pm}$0.53 from 2$^{nd}$ flushing time than other groups (p<0.05). No. of Ear. B stage embryos were significantly higher as 3.9${\pm}$0.90 and 3.9${\pm}$0.90 with 2$^{nd}$ flushing time in total collected embryos and transferable embryos (p<0.05). Com M stage embryos were significantly higher as 3.7${\pm}$1.00 in 2$^{nd}$ flushing time and as 2.2${\pm}$0.76 in 3$^{rd}$ flushing time for recovered embryos (p<0.05). In transferable embryos, Com. M stage embryos were significantly higher (p<0.05) as 3.7${\pm}$1.00 in 2$^{nd}$ flushing time and as 2.2${\pm}$0.76 in 34$^{dr}$ flushing time, also. No. of degradation embryos was significantly higher as 2.2${\pm}$0.72 in 5${rd}$ flushing time, On the other hand, degradation embryos was not observed in transferable embryos (p<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that DEC method should effective methods for production of in vivo embryos using less flushing solution following perform until 4$^{rd}$ flushing time than conventional embryo collecting method. Also, it might be effectively collection of transferable embryos following more less procedure times compared to conventional embryo recovery methods.