• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.114-120
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• 2006

Front-end side members of vehicles are structures with the greatest energy absorbing capability in a front-end collision of vehicles. This paper was undertaken to analyze the energy absorption characteristics of spot welded hat and double hat-shaped section members under the axial collapse. The experiments were performed with respect to the various collapse velocities. It was expected that para-closed sections would show collapse characteristics which be quite different from those of perfectly closed sections. The collapse velocities were selected as follows: the velocities in the hat-shaped section members were 0.00017m/sec, 0.017m/sec, 4.7m/sec, 6.5m/sec, 6.8m/sec, 7.2m/sec, and 7.3m/sec those in the double hat-shaped section members were 0.00017m/sec, 0.017m/sec, 6.5m/sec, 6.8m/sec, 7.2m/sec 7.3m/sec, and 7.9m/sec. In the program system presented in this study, an explicit finite element code, LS-DYNA3D, is adopted for simulating complicated collapse behavior of the hat and double hat-shaped section members under the same condition of the collapse test. The validity of simulation was confirmed by the comparison between the simulation result and the collapse experiment.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2000

The hat shaped section members, spot welded strength resisting structures are the most energy absorbing ones of automobile components during the front-end collision. Under the static axial collapse load in velocity of 10mm/min and quasi-static collapse load in velocity of 1000mm/min, the collapse characteristics of the hat shaped section and double hat shaped section member have been analyzed by axial collapse tests with respect to the variations of spot weld pitches on the flanges. In addition, the quasi-static collapse simulations have been implemented in the same condition to the experiment's using FEM package, LS-DYNA3D. The simulated results have been verified in comparison with these from the quasi-static axial collapse tests. With the computational approaches the optimal energy absorbing structures can be suggested. Simulations are so helpful that the optimized data be supplied in designing vehicles in advance.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.501-510
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• 2003

The spot welded sections of automobiles such as the hat and double hat section members, absorb the most of the energy during the front-end collision. The purpose of this study was to analyze the collapse characteristics of spot welded section members with respect ttl the pitch or spot welds on flanges. through impact experiments and computation for para-closed sections and perfectly closed sections. The hat shaped section members were tested at the impact collapse velocities of 4.72 m/sec, 6.54 m/sec and 7.19 m/sec and double hat shaped section members were tested at the impact collapse velocities of 6.54 m/sec, 7.19 m/sec and 7.27 m/sec. A commercial LS-DYNA3D was used to simulate the collapse behavior of the hat and double hat shaped section members. The validity of the simulation was to be proved by comparing the simulation results and the experimental results.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.627-644
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• 2004

In this study, the endochronic theory was used to investigate the collapse of thick-walled tubes subjected to external pressure and axial tension. The experimental and theoretical findings of Madhavan et al. (1993) for thick-walled tubes of 304 stainless steel subjected to external pressure and axial tension were compared with the endochronic simulation. Collapse envelopes for various diameter-to-thickness tubes under two different pressure-tension loadings were involved. It has been shown that the experimental results were aptly described by the endochronic approach demonstrated from comparison with the theoretical prediction employed by Madhavan et al. (1993). Furthermore, by using the rate-sensitivity function of the intrinsic time measure proposed by Pan and Chern (1997) in the endochronic theory, our theoretical analysis was extended to investigate the viscoplastic collapse of thick-walled tubes subjected to external pressure and axial tension. It was found that the pressure-tension collapse envelopes are strongly influenced by the strain-rate during axial tension. Due to the hardening of the metal tube of 304 stainless steel under a faster strain-rate during uniaxial tension, the size of the tension-collapse envelope increases.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

지구 환경 변화에 따른 폭우로 절토 사면 붕괴가 해마다 발생하고 인명과 경제적 손실이 증가하고 있다. 이는 절토 사면의 붕괴의 평가를 요구한다. 경사면이 절토 시행 전에 시뮬레이션 된다면, 절토 사면의 붕괴를 예측 할 수 있고, 붕괴 사고 시 복구 비용을 최소화 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 절토 사면에서 중요한 경사도의 시뮬레이션 방법을 나타낸다. 이것은 패트리넷을 이용하여 모델링되며 디자인되고, ArcGIS를 이용하여 윈도우 XP 환경에서 구현하고자 한다. 그래서 본 논문은 GIS를 이용한 절토와 간척을 시뮬레이션 함으로써 시간과 돈을 절약하는데 기여할 것이다.

• 지질공학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.613-621
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• 2015

건축 구조물 붕괴 사고가 발생했을 때, 건물 내에 있는 사람들의 긴급구호를 위해 가장 먼저 해야 할 일은 인명이 매몰되어 있는 위치(이하 매몰 공동이라 칭함)를 찾는 일이다. 그러나 붕괴된 건물의 잔해물 내에 위치한 매몰 공동을 일반적인 탐색 방법으로 찾는 것은 불가능하다. 이에 대한 해결방법으로 본 연구에서는, 붕괴시뮬레이션을 통하여 건축 구조물 붕괴 시 지하층에 형성되는 매몰 공동을 평가하였다. 붕괴 시뮬레이션에 사용되는 매몰 공동 유형에 영향을 미치는 인자로는 건축 구조물 층고, 내부 벽체의 유/무로 설정하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 지하벽체가 없고 고층 건물일수록 동일한 지진하중에서 큰 면적으로 붕괴가 발생하여 매몰 공동 형성에 불리한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 매몰 공동이 형성될 경우 건물 외벽 부근이나 코너 부분에 형성될 가능성이 높은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.1131-1138
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• 2001

This paper concerns the crashworthiness of the widely used vehicle structure, the spot welded hat and double hat shaped section members, which are excellent on the point of the energy absorbing capacity and low production cost. The target of this paper is to analyze the energy absorption capacity of the structure against the front-end collision, and to obtain useful information for designing stage. Changing the spot weld pitches on the flanges, the hat and double hat shaped section members were tested on the axial collapse loads in impact velocities of 4.72m/sec, 6.54m/sec, 7.19m/sec and 7.27m/sec. To efficiently review the collapse characteristics of these sections, the simulation have been carried out using explicit FEM package, LS-DYNA3D. The solutions are compared with results from the impact collapse experiments.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.265-280
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• 2024

The collapse behavior observed in single-story beam-column assembly (SSBCA) do not accurately represent the actual overall stress characteristic of multi-story frame structure (MSFS) under column loss scenario owing to ignoring the interaction action among different stories, leading to a disconnection between the anti-collapse behaviors of "components" and "overall structures", that is, the anti-collapse performance of frame structures with two different structural scales has not yet formed a combined force. This paper conducts a numerical and theoretical study to explore the difference of the collapse behaviors of the SSBCA and MSFS, and further to reveal the internal force relationships and boundary constraints at beam ends of models SSBCA and MSFS. Based on the previous experimental tests, the corresponding refined numerical simulation models were established and verified, and comparative analysis on the resistant-collapse performance was carried out, based on the validated modeling methods with considering the actual boundary constraints, and the results illustrates that the collapse behaviors of the SSBCA and MSFS is not a simple multiple relationship. Through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, the development laws of internal force in each story beam under different boundary constraints was clarified, and the coupling relationship between the bending moment at the most unfavorable section and axial force in the composite beam of different stories of multi story frames with weld cover-plated flange connections was obtained. In addition, considering the effect of the yield performance of adjacent columns on the anti-collapse bearing capacities of the SSBCA and MSFS during the large deformation stages, the calculation formula for the equivalent axial stiffness at the beam ends of each story were provided.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2000

In the frontal collision the spot welded hat-shaped section side member is the fundamental structure for automobiles and has a great amount of absorbing capacity. For this reason LS-DYNA3D has been used for analyzing impact collapse characteristics on hat shaped section member with respect to the valuables; thickness, width ratio and spot weld potch on impact load(7.19m/sec, 1034J). By comparing the results from simulation and the experimental results, the utilization of simulation has been certified.

• 암석학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 제주도에서 화산분화에 의해 발생 가능한 화쇄류의 영향 범위를 파악하기 위하여 백록담 외륜산 외측 사면 8개 지점에서 새로운 용암돔이 발생하는 것을 가정하고 이 과정에서의 붕괴로 발생 가능한 화쇄류를 수치모의 하였다. 수치모의에는 TITAN2D 수치모의 프로그램을 사용하였다. TITAN2D프로그램에서 화쇄류 흐름의 속도를 제어하는 변수로 사용되는 내부마찰각과 층저마찰각 중 내부마찰각을 $30^{\circ}$, 층저마찰각을 $20^{\circ}$로 설정하였다. 붕괴되는 돔의 높이와 반경, 초기 붕괴 속도, 수치모의 시간 등을 선정하여 총 96개 시나리오에 대하여 수치모의를 실시하였다. 수치모의 결과 돔 붕괴에 의한 화쇄류는 최대 13.4 km까지 도달하여 한라산 정상부 및 제주시와 서귀포시까지 도달하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 구축된 시뮬레이션 자료들을 이용하여 제주도의 화산 분화 시 발생 가능한 화쇄류의 피해범위 DB를 구축하고 이를 기반으로 재해도를 작성하여 화쇄류로 인한 피해를 최소화하는데 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.